Why China's Cyber Espionage Is A Threat

When considering the technological advances over the past 50 years, the Internet has undoubtedly had the greatest impact on everyday life of developed economies and its citizens. The world has become smaller, societies interconnected, and the pace of global integration dramatically increased since the introduction of the Internet. With the world connected, cyber actors represent a very real and often underestimated threat to the United States’ ability to defend national security, protect industrial innovation, and secure privacy information. As a result of globalization, the foreign cyber actors represent the most imminent threat to national security, corporate innovation, and citizen privacy rights.

In 2004, a family of four boarded on a plane from Brazil to Mexico, leaving their homeland with the purpose of pursuing their dream to move to the United States. Thirteen years later, the youngest of the family tells the story of his journey at the age of three in the United States. He’s now sixteen years old and says he prefers to be referred to “Patriot X” rather than his real name. He claims he’s a patriot without citizenship and affirms that he would like to enlighten me about his struggles and his crushed and accomplished dreams.

In a documentary by Admiral Vern (2002), “the events of September 11, 2001 tragically illustrated that the promise of peace and security in the 21st Century is fraught with profound dangers”. The US foreign policies and interest in key geographic regions of the world sparks controversies resulting in state funded cyber attacks, cyber espionage and terrorism against the United States and its allied nations. When several attempts to cripple the United States and its allied nations through negotiations failed, enemy states and nefarious groups have shifted their focus to cyber attacks and cyber espionage. According to Gady (2016), “China continues cyber espionage against the United States”. Drezner (2014), “Washington and Beijing hardly agree on everything, but they agree on the big things, like maintaining an open global economy, reducing the likelihood of a military confrontation, and tackling climate change”.

China is responsible for cyber espionage against the U.S. resulting in significant damage to the U.S. economy. The Commission on the Theft of American Intellectual Property found that, China is responsible for up to 70% of incurred losses of the U.S. (Navarro 2016). The Center for Strategic and

Pfleeger, S. Pfleeger, and Margulies (2015) outline possible examples of cyber warfare between Canada and China (p. 844). According to Pfleeger, S. Pfleeger, and Margulies (2015), “the Canadian government revealed that several of its national departments had been victims of a cyber attack…” (p. 844). Eventually, the attack was unofficially traced to a computer in China (p. 844). Cyber warfare can be used negatively and positively. It is evident that China was seeking to gain protected information form Canada. Although a purpose of cyber warfare, it is not a conventional way of obtaining information. Additionally, cyber warfare can be used to collect intelligence on an enemy. Anyone seeking to gather intelligence on another individual or group can launch a cyber attack that gains access to protected files. This could be used to help future militant operations or expose critical information. Lastly, cyber warfare can be used to test systems internally. Acting with no malicious intent, “insiders” can utilizing cyber warfare tactics to attack their own cyber security barriers in order to test the strength of their systems. Seeking to expose the vulnerabilities in a system that contains important assets without actually harming the assets provides the system a diagnosis of what needs to be strengths and fixed. Identifying the problem or threats before an actual attack can ultimately save the protected

American management has the same problem as Nortel's management as described in the video; American management doesn’t see any threats yet because there is no real evidence of what is being stolen so nobody knows what is being copied and used in china and no one can prove where its coming from, what is being taken, and how its being used. The ignorance of American management in the category of cyber espionage and what is really going on behind the scenes of their networks is what is causing a lot of cyber espionage to continue to happen and continue to drive American businesses to

Espionage threats can bring many consequences, particularly for governments. Governments as well as some private organizations store large amounts of sensitive information within their computer systems. If the information is accessed by unauthorized users that are seeking to cause harm, then it could affect the ability of the government or organization to defend themselves or prevent the threat from happening (Ammori & Poellet,

Private organizations in the United States come under attack weekly if not daily and their cyber defenses must be kept up to par otherwise there will be an extreme loss of information and resources. FBI director James Comey can be quoted as saying “There are two kinds of big companies in the United States. There are those who 've been hacked by the Chinese and those who don 't know they 've been hacked by the Chinese” (Comey). Comey can also be quoted as having said that, “China was seeking to obtain "information that 's useful to them so they don 't have to invent" (Comey). This stolen information can be used against these companies when brokering a trade deal or even Chinese companies could begin manufacturing American goods illegally

Cyberwarfare - The strengthening of our advantage in the cyber domain directly influences the operational environment by preventing the degradation of the technological advantage we currently enjoy. Despite known and predicted risk, we currently have a 10:1 advantage over our nearest peer competitor China, as regards technology, research, and development. (Miller, p.11) A failure to protect and defend our cyber domain could have catastrophic effects on our infrastructure, economy, military capabilities, and even threaten the public’s confidence in our democratic process (CCJO JF 2030, p. A-1). Non-state actors use of cyber warfare presents a unique challenge to nation states in that it has the potential to degrade traditional forms of national power such as diplomacy, information, military and economic power (Miller, p.34).

Geoffrey Chaucer may have offered the most in-depth view of social class differences with his work “The Canterbury Tales.” This collection of stories offers various characters from different social standings traveling together on a religious pilgrimage. Each pilgrim shares a story offering a view of their station in life, their life experiences, language, dialect, education, and perspective on Middle English life. Although Chaucer wrote in 14th century Anglo-Saxon London dialect his word choice provides information about the pilgrims’ social station (Crossref, 2013). The lower class pilgrims, for example the wife of Bath, offer bawdy tales using familiar pronouns, such as thee and thine, while the higher class pilgrims use more polite pronouns,

There is a serious threat to America's current and continued security. This threat comes from reliance on the Internet. With the openness of the Internet and the potential for anonymity, the Internet becomes an easy avenue for enemies to stage a covert attack. “Some governments, like China, have made cyber-warfare a critical part of their military doctrine, in part to help counter the advantage the U.S. has in conventional and nuclear war fighting capability. The United States is highly vulnerable to a timed, well-organized attack from another state or no state

Cyber-attacks are one of the most significant threats the U.S. faces today. The vulnerabilities that come with the world’s dependence on technology are a tremendous hazard to the United States. This threat is substantial enough for President Trump to designate USCYBER Command as a combatant command.19 This essay addresses how the use of cyber-attacks, as a military force, can destroy strategic targets and how Hart and Sun Tzu would view cyber-attacks. A state sponsored cyber-attack designed and executed with the intent of causing willful destruction to another nation is an act of war.

The roles of women in ancient times is undeniably important. They were the center of the home and the center of the family. Family was most important in these times, especially the fact that all men needed heirs, without women this would not happen. They were cunning seductresses, obedient housewives, givers of life and the center of all households. They were not given citizenship or had political power, but held power and influence none the less. Women were not worthy of education and were meant to stay subservient. They were thought of as worth less than a man, but where would men be without women?

With the focus on terror-based groups and the Middle East over the last fifteen years, many in the United States (US) are unfamiliar with the threat more conventional nation-states pose to the country’s national security. China, Iran, and Russia are seen as the three biggest threats to U.S. national security. Although Russia does not dominate the intelligence disciplines of HUMINT, OSINT, and cyber, its strengths in SIGINT, IMINT, and MASINT make it the biggest threat to the US.

Corporate espionage attacks are not necessarily committed by adversarial and friendly foreign powers. They may also be committed by competing industrial players whose goal is to steal technology for an upper intellectual advantage, and in doing so, undermine the victim-nation's economy. And while businesses with sensitive defense and government information capabilities are the primary targets of foreign targeting, private organizations have also grown increasingly vulnerable due to the vast expansion of globalization and the interconnected growth of industrialized nations. In either scenario, foreign government or competing industry, spies achieve their means through similar exploitation of weaknesses in technology and insider information.