Westin Trust Definition

Privacy is what allows people to feel secure in their surroundings. With privacy, one is allowed to withhold or distribute the information they want by choice, but the ability to have that choice is being violated in today’s society. Benjamin Franklin once said, “He who sacrifices freedom or liberty will eventually have neither.” And that’s the unfortunate truth that is and has occurred in recent years. Privacy, especially in such a fast paced moving world, is extremely vital yet is extremely violated, as recently discovered the NSA has been spying on U.S. citizens for quite a while now; based on the Fourth Amendment, the risk of leaked and distorted individual information, as well as vulnerability to lack of anonymity.

Moor (1997) points out that in the U.S. the concept of privacy has evolved from one concerned with intrusion and interference to one

Privacy, meaning the right to be left alone, has intellectual roots tracing back to the 19th century. On December 15, 1890, Samuel D. Warren and Louis D. Brandeis had their article “The Right to Privacy” published in the Harvard Law Review. This article was highly regarded as one of the exceptional examples of the effect legal journals have on American law, and was the first of many future law review discussions. “It is our purpose to consider whether the existing law affords a principle which can properly be invoked to protect the privacy of the individual; and if it does what the nature and extent of such protection is” (Gregory, Kalven, and Epstein 1133). Warren and Brandeis stressed the importance and necessity for some form of protection for the private individual when the press is overstepping their boundaries and the indecency their gossip creates. Several decades later, in August of 1960, William L. Prosser published his article “Privacy” in the California Law Review. In this article he outlined the four classifications of privacy law which are as follows:

In this corporate era of technology, the thought of integrity being part of our society is surprising enough, let alone having “trust” being part of the equation, which causes more distrust for some populations.

What is trust? The dictionary meaning of trust is a firm belief in the reliability, truth, ability, or strength of someone or something. The second meaning is, confidence placed in a person by making that person the nominal owner of property to be held or used for the benefit of one or more others. But what can we really define as trust? In this paper, I will discuss how trust is used every day in different situations, how we deal with trust in various relationships, and how we as individuals practice trust within ourselves.

Privacy either encourages or is a necessary factor of human securities and fundamental value such as human embarrassment, independence, distinctiveness, freedom, and public affection. Being completely subject to mutual scrutiny will begin to lose self-respect, independence, distinctiveness, and freedom as a result of the sometimes strong burden to conform to public outlooks.

When we consider popular social theory, trust indicates a certain belief and a sense of assurance that is based on strong but not logically-conclusive evidence, or based on some ones character, their ability, or truth that someone or something has shown over a period of time or over experiences. Trust makes for a sense of being safe or of being free of fear, enough so that one 's focus can be on other matters (Spirithome, 2005). Key elements of this definition are its dependence on the foundation of character, its ability and a sense of being safe. Trust is also a public good, according to noted sociologist Giovanni Sartor (Sartor, 2003). Sartor stated if there was no trust, co-operation would end, and the whole fabric of society would collapse. Trust can be defined as the “belief that someone or something is reliable, good, honest, effective.” Merriam-

Trust can income unlike forms in different relations. Interpersonal trust derives from repeated connections over time among trustor and trustee. Information accessible to the trustor from within the relationship forms the basis of relational trust. Recognized trust derives from the recognized factors which can act as wide supports for the critical figure of trust that tolerates further risk taking and trusting conduct (e.g. Sitkin, 1995).

Alan Westin is a well-known lawyer and political scientist and transformed how we understand privacy. In his article Social and Political Dimensions he stated, “I have identified four psychological conditions or states of individual privacy – solitude, intimacy, anonymity and reserve” (Westin 7). It is important to understand these four states of privacy. First solitude,

All Americans personal privacy is something of great value, and a general right to such privacy is assumed. Privacy also helps to maintain our psychological well-being. We need privacy to get rest from the pressures and demand of life. To control our own privacy, we must maintain it. There is an order in obtaining someone private information (Vitz, Paul C. Psychology as Religion 78-79).

“Invasion of privacy” did not exist as a separate tort prior to the 20th century. In 1960, William Prosser described how privacy came to be established in tort law and how many distinct torts fit within it, including torts for intrusion, public disclosure of private facts, and placing a person in a false light. Daniel Solove builds off of Prosser’s work, constructing a legal taxonomy of privacy focused on information collection, information processing, information dissemination, and intrusion. As this thesis aims to gain insight into how privacy has evolved conceptually within the American court system, and particularly the Supreme Court, I aim to identify conceptual divisions of privacy in the

The makers of our conferred as against the Government, the right to be let alone – the most comprehensive of privacy has received increasing legal attention and has grown in legal complexity. Although the word privacy does not appear in the Constitution, its defenders base its credence on the first eight amendments and the Fourteenth Amendment, which guarantee due process of law and protection against unreasonable intrusion (Christians 95).

Trust is the belief that someone or something is reliable, good, honest, and effective ass defined by Merriam Webster.1 Interpersonal trust refers to trust developed through repeated interactions through which expectations about a person’s trustworthy behavior can be tested over time.2 While interpersonal trust is important in any relationship, it is particularly fundamental in the patient-provider relationship.2 Social trust is the trust in collective institutions, that is shaped broadly by the media and by general confidence in particular constitutions.2 Social trust shapes the relationship between a patient and healthcare institutions, hospitals and or insurance companies.

From this perspective, risk is associated with acting on the expectations of the trusting party, and focusing on the background factors which either inhibit or enhance the growth and continuation of trust (Lee and Turban, 2001). The trust in another party is referred to as an individual’s trust, and researchers such as (Lewis and Weigert, 1985) have divided interpersonal trust into two categories: emotional trust and cognitive trust. Cognitive trust is also known as trusting beliefs. It is defined as the logical anticipation of a trustor that a trustee will have the required characteristics, such as proficiency and benevolence, to be relied upon (Komiak and Benbasat, 2004).On the other hand, emotional trust is defined as the limit to which a trustor is comfortable with, and secure about, relying on the trustee (i.e. online retailer) (Swan et al., 1999). The main difference between cognitive trust and emotional trust is that the former focuses on logical reasoning or cognition. Cognitive trust is developed when a trustor believes that good reasons for trust have been identified (Lewis and Weigert, 1985). An example of cognitive trust would be evidenced in a working

Trust. It’s written everywhere on the boards and posters around the schools, campuses, and hospitals but what exactly is a trust? As long as I can remember throughout our school years we are told to trust each other in order to keep a healthy relationship. No one emphasizes how important it was to trust yourself before trusting a second person.