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Water Pollution For Drinking Water

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INTRODUCTION

All citizens should have access safe water. On January 9, 2014, nearly 300,000 citizens in the greater Charleston area were confronted with a situation where their water was no longer safe. This devastating situation was the result of a chemical spill of 4-methylcyclohexanemethanol (MCHM) into the Elk River just upstream from the West Virginia American Water (WVAW) treatment plant.

In response to the spill, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) was asked to determine a safe level of MCHM in the drinking water. Using available toxicity data, which was minimal, the CDC determined the safety level to be 1 ppm MCHM. Soon after the CDC followed with a warning that “out of an abundance of caution” pregnant women should not drink the water. This message, rightfully, resulted in much community concern and anxiety. This warning generated concerns about other vulnerable populations, such as young children, pregnant women who had drank the water before the warning, and about the long-term health effects on babies born exposed pregnant women.

This memo addresses “safe” levels of exposure for pregnant women and families contemplating having children, as well as the health effects on pregnancies of the citizens exposed to the chemical spill. Additionally, this memo discusses the broader context of public health in the community as it relates to environmental safety and justice.

FINDINGS ON PREGNANCY SAFETY AND BIRTH OUTCOMES

In July 2014, the CDC asked

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