Environmental history explores a variety of topics in order to connect nature to humans. In doing so, a new history emerges. As this history unveils itself, it becomes evident that throughout time, humans have taken it upon themselves to improve the nonhuman world for their own gains. Numerous scholars have contemplated this idea, and while they do not all agree on the meaning or the means of improvement upon the land, it remains a constant theme. By exploring the theme of improvement to land, a clear path forms. The idea of improvement in environmental history creates artificial agency for humans, as well as revealing that improvement cannot happen without having an adverse effect on humans.
In considering the theme of improvement upon
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Lisa Brady’s book, War Upon the Land: Military Strategy and the Transformation of Southern Landscapes During the American Civil War attempts to connect environmental aspects with a more traditional military history, and diverges from other scholars on the subject by frequently mentioning improvement to the land as the connection between the two. In discussing the improvement of the land, Brady habitually infers it as a product of military strategy, but rarely reveals its overall importance, despite her numerous examples of the theme. She does make a valiant effort in connecting land improvement with the interconnectedness of nature and humans, yet she falls short. Nevertheless, this effort is most evident when Brady discusses agriculture. In illustrating how improvement upon the land facilitated the well being of southerners yet the Union’s destruction of this same land hurt Southerners, the author illustrates this connection in loose terms. Despite the lack of connection within this work, this effort is worth examining in more detail for future scholarship, and if Brady would have had more time available, this book has vast
A Short History of Progress Written by Mister Ronald Wright, talks about the progress and the issues of having too much change occur to a civilization, and how it can affect the outcome results of a healthy progressing community. He mentioned the ups and downs that occurred to some civilizations and how some triumphed while others did not. Which leads to the main dilemma Wright argues about, which is the current destruction of the environment around us. Over exploiting nature, over expanding, and overpopulating are problems that past societies have come across and is now occurring in our time. These things are what helped societies prosper during certain moments in history but they are now causing problems because we as people are abusing the
The relationship between people and their environment in A Land Remembered is one where the profit from land exploitation is naturally corrupting and exponentially increases the exploiters lust for larger profit, leading to the exploiter planning larger scale endeavors in the future. The author, Patrick D. Smith (1984), suggests the idea that communities naturally grow in a hedonic cycle to crave more resources to fuel loftier endeavors that require even more resources from the environment, an idea that is also discussed by Aldo Leopold in the Land Ethic as wholly negative, and that is also part of my world view that is rather more optimistic.
The Civil War caused a shift in the ways that many Americans thought about slavery and race. Chandra Manning’s What this Cruel War Was Over helps readers understand how soldiers viewed slavery during the Civil War. The book is a narrative, which follows the life of Union soldier who is from Massachusetts. Chandra Manning used letters, diaries and regimental newspapers to gain an understanding of soldiers’ views of slavery. The main character, Charles Brewster has never encountered slaves. However, he believes that Negroes are inferior. He does not meet slaves until he enters the war in the southern states of Maryland and Virginia. Charles Brewster views the slaves first as contraband. He believes the slaves are a burden and should be sent back to their owners because of the fugitive slave laws. Union soldiers focus shifted before the end of the war. They believed slavery was cruel and inhumane, expressing strong desire to liberate the slaves. As the war progresses, soldiers view slaves and slavery in a different light. This paper, by referring to the themes and characters presented in Chandra Manning’s What this Cruel War Was Over, analyzes how the issue of slavery and race shifted in the eyes of white Union soldiers’ during Civil War times.
The American landscape has always been that of great majestic glory. But this was not always so. The westward expansion was not always in the cards for the Americans. The French had mostly settled from the Mississippi River in the east to the Rocky Mountains in the west and from the Gulf of Mexico in the south to the Canadian border in the north. With the Louisiana Purchase the U.S acquired most of that land. How did this land help define the United States of America as a Nation? This essay will discuss the actions leading up to the Acquirement of the Louisiana territory and how it changed America forever.
It will influence the future generations to why we consider environment has been important, create opportunities for generation to come, a culture that can be passed on and sense of appreciation of such an experience (Singer, 2011). This point may not so readily apply to a wider consequentialist approach, which attributes intrinsic value not only to pleasure or satisfaction, but also to various objects and processes in the natural environment (Singer, 2011).
The history of the world seldom includes the impact of human conquest upon the environment. Human’s consistently ravage the land and waters around them taking what is considered useful to mankind with reckless abandon. This continued mentality leaves the world in a damaged state unfit for life of any kind. The town of Picher Oklahoma mirrors the legacy of total human consumption at the cost of the land.
The Meeker Massacre of 1879, though viewed as a single violent altercation between Indian Agent Nathanial Meeker and the Utes of Colorado, presents a wider narrative of understanding how altercations over land reflect deeper value systems regarding environments. The changing nature of the land on which the Ute Reservation resided further complicated U.S.-Ute relations. In looking at the events leading up to and following the Massacre, historians can better understand what the Utes and federal government were looking for, and why it was so difficult to agree upon what they had found. Historians can also realize how the conflict may have not been avoided even with other considered factors. The Ute wars were not just about the Utes and agents
War is a dangerous game, many people would likely agree to this, however, very few have ever seen a battlefront. The truth is that war, no matter how awful we can imagine it, is always exponentially worse. In Timothy Findley’s The Wars, Robert Ross, the protagonist, faces a situation that he finds difficult to come to terms with, and when faced with a similar situation later on in the novel, he must take drastic measures to reconcile the uncertainties of the past situation. Timothy Findley suggests, through the life of Robert Ross, that one’s need to reconcile the uncertainties of past experiences dominate our actions when such situations come up again in our lives. In the words of Hiram Johnson, a US Senator during the First World War,
Val Plumwood in her essay “Paths Beyond Human-Centeredness,” illustrates the impact that humans have on nature and non-animals when it comes to preserving environments. Understanding that nature has it’s living properties that let it thrive among its resources allows for people to grasp the complexities that come about when construction companies destroy the environment in which they work. Plumwood uses the term dualism to refer to the sharp distinction between two classes of individuals. There is the high class, which is considered as the “One.” In contrast, the other side of the division consists of individuals that are classified as lower and are subordinates to the “One” as “Others.” This account on dualism allows the reader to understand how humans can significantly alter the environment because of the way they perceive its resources and inhabitants. Plumwood defines five characteristics that illustrate the oppressive actions that change the connection between human relations and the relationship between humans and nature.
When I began this research project, I made a personal observation that led me to question some of the literature on the post-WWII realignment in the South. Specifically, I met several people that both farmed and saw land ownership as the driver of prosperity. I did not hear these thoughts from professors, engineers, or teachers. From what I saw, people who valued the land as part of success in life thought that their mindset was predominant. It is reasonable to believe that such a thought was commonplace at one time.
Bill Cronon finds environmental history to be useful because it informs the context of our social, cultural, and political values of the present day. Human beings can have a profound impact upon their local surroundings, and nature can respond in equally powerful ways. However, we can never know prior to our actions what the impact of all our choices will be.
centuries man could not understand or capture. Things lived and died and humans were largely content simply to coexist and marvel and the imperfect nature that Mother Nature had created, until the Germans began to think. During the Enlightenment period when science evolved and man was able to understand and analyze the world around him in new ways, the natural world became a series of equations and formulas that he was destined not only to study but to master. With the Germans forests evolved from a definition of a place that man existed with and enjoyed to a definition of purely utilitarian and transformed from “nature” to “natural resources.” The problem
As the result of rapid industrialization and other human activities like chemical testing and deforestation, the Earth became loaded with pollutants. Pollution is a serious problem because it causes global warming, acid rain, famine, water shortage, disease, genetic mutation, and many different types of problems. Most environmental pollution is the result of human activities such as deforestation, automobile emissions, radioactive waste, fuel combustion, etc. in my essay, I will prove that man’s quest always conquers, outdoes and destroys what nature has created.
The connection between populace development and the earth has discovered some place between the view that populace development is exclusively in charge of every single natural sick and the view that more individuals mean the advancement of new advances to conquer any ecological issues. Most naturalists concur that populace development is just a single of a few communicating elements that place weight on the earth. Significant amounts of utilization and industrialization, an imbalance in riches and land dispersion, unseemly government arrangements, destitution, and wasteful innovations all add to natural decay (Margaret L. Andersen, 2016).
During the course of evolution of the human race, civilization has transformed the environment in countless ways and on an unprecedented scale. Use of fire, domestication of animals and early agricultural practices are the major steps to modify the already existing conditions. In the early periods of human history, They were very much close to nature and natural resources as we find In historical documents. The ancient people developed many effective measures to safe guard our ecosystems and environment which reflect sustainable development in true sense.