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Visual And Statistical Thinking Summary

Decent Essays

Summary In the article “Visual and Statistical Thinking: Displays of Evidence for Making Decisions” the author Edward R. Tufte discusses why visual representations are very important when presenting data or statistics. Tufte provides two examples of situations where the way data was displayed had a major effect on the outcome. In the first scenario, Tufte writes about a 1854 cholera outbreak in London. A man named John Snow helped end the outbreak by effectively plotting the cases of cholera on a map with all local water pumps marked. The conclusion that cholera is transmitted by infected water was discovered with the help of his map. In the second example, Tufte writes about the Challenger explosion. The accident was avoidable, but …show more content…

The main goal of the article is to convince people that effective visual representation is important. He does this by discussing two case studies. The first case study is about a cholera outbreak in England. John Snow effectively plots each cholera case and each water pump on a map. This made it clear that cholera is spread by infected water. This case study is an example of how an effective visual representation of data can make the data more useful. Tufte uses this case study very effectively to help push his narrative, because it makes it provides an example of how a good visual representation helped control the spread of a deadly disease. If the data was not plotted in the way that Snow plotted it, the disease most likely would not have been controlled for much …show more content…

The explosion was caused by rubber O-rings in the booster rockets that failed due to the temperature. The engineers from the company that designed the rockets tried to warn NASA, but their data is not charted and was flawed. The data listed the temperatures of a small handful of launches and the damage done to the O-rings for those launches. The goal of the data was to show that colder temperatures cause more damage to O-rings, which would cause the rockets to explode. NASA was able to poke major holes in the data when they were able to show that there was also damage done on a warm day. They convinced the engineers that the rockets would not be at risk during this launch, even though it was the coldest launch to date. However, the rockets failed and seven astronauts were killed. Tufte shows that if the complete set of data was presented on a line graph instead of a select set of data being presented in a table, it would be obvious that the O-rings were likely to fail. Tufte also uses this case study effectively because it shows how this major tragedy could have been prevented if the data was displayed differently. Overall, Tufte used these two case studies effectively to make his position clear. Tufte could have used another case study but using more than those two would have had diminishing

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