Vikings And Runes

However, the act of interacting with the spiritual world was impossible without the early uses of writing. The initial early uses of writing were to record religious ideas and events that had taken place. Some examples of the first early uses of writing were seen in the oracle-bone inscriptions of the Shang Dynasty, the ritual bronze inscriptions in the Shang and Zhou dynasties, and the metal bound box during the Zhou dynasty. The need for record keeping and procedures for religious performance resulted in a large necessitation of literacy to continue these practices, especially for individuals of higher social standings.

To start, the Sumerians invented cuneiform, which began the path to written language in the future. Cuneiform was the first written language. It was invented over 5000 years ago! (Doc. 1). They used a stylus to make imprints for writing. Written on the clay tablets it was used to keep records, document business

The vikings had their own groups of people which included landowning chieftains, freeman, and also young clan members who seeked over sea adventures. While the viking members were at home, they can be described as independent farmers, but at sea the vikings became raiders. During viking period it seemed as if the Scandinavians had a surplus amount of manpower that seems practically inexhaustible, who could organize warriors into conquering armies and bands. The bands negotiated the seas in their longships,also known as a viking ship, and mount raids on nearby cities and towns that were along the coast of Europe. Their brutal way of living and manpower earned them the name vikingr, or viking in old english, which was the name for a pirate in early Scandinavian language.

First of all, they invented the first form of writing called cuneiform. Cuneiform helped keep track of important things. Like business records, rules, and math. Writing was made with wedged-shaped wood and clay tablets. With writing came language, writing created language because they spoke whatever language was on the clay tablets they wrote on.

The Vikings (AKA) Norse were known as the raiders that travel by sea and wreak havoc over foreign beaches. Their is more than just that to the vikings, Most of the vikings depended on agriculture (animals, crops, fruits and vegetables, herbs, and other livestock. They believed in a big religion called the Norse. In that religion there were vast cosmology about the Universe, there was also multiple gods and creatures in the religion.In the Norse mythology you had to do rituals so you would have more livestock to prevent your livestock from dying. The Norse were always on the edge of survival simply because of where they lived on the earth. They lived in Scandinavia which includes Present-day Norway and Sweden.

Firstly Vikings were marauders or pirates that originated from Scandinavia to what is now Norway, Sweden, Denmark, & Finland. They invaded and plundered most of northern & eastern Europe, and when they attacked the settlements they would first appear at sea in dragon-like ships. Once they made it to the shore they would jump out of their ships shouting battle cries with their weapons in hand. They killed many of the villagers and captured some of the women and young men. Then they would take as much

People during this time believed that the spoken word was to a greater extent more valuable than writing. The Vikings would instead pass their laws, religion, history and customs down by word of the mouth to generation to generation. During the time of the Vikings writing was restricted to the use of runes which you could use bone, wood, metal or stone to carve on. Many of their stories contained of magic, deception, adventure and mischievousness. In the stories they would discuss how people lived in Midgard and about the gods and goddesses who lived in Asgard.

It was once reported that there was up to 25,000 Vikings living in Iceland in the mid 900’s. The Norse did not have books, but they did have an alphabet, so they passed on history by stories and poems. Their alphabet was made up runes, are the letters in a set of related alphabets. There are still remains of the runes in some parts of Europe like Iceland and Normandy. It was customary for men to wear long

The Vikings were a Germanic people who were known for how they executed their raids and the discovery of new territories. They raided, colonized, and traded in the conquered areas and had a thirst for new waters and a hunger for land. Because of this hunger, the most impact they had on western civilization was as discoverers and settlers of the New World. They discovered and settled in Iceland, Greenland, and North America. Each of these was impacted in some way or another by the Vikings.

Vikings were clever with their attacks, and made strategic battle tactics and

Vikings were a group of people from Scandanavia (modern-day Denmark, Norway and Sweden) who navigated the North Atlantic and Baltic Regions, sailing to destinations in the south to North Africa, and east to Russia, Constantinople (“Istanbul”) and the Middle East, as ‘hit-and-run’ looters, traders and colonists. Notably, the Vikings were seen as a barbaric clan by their victims, especially to those in Europe with whom they had an imposing influence. Equally, as the Old Norse (the language of the Norsemen) translation of the word ‘Viking’ signifies, the Vikings were feared as fierce and ruthless pirates. However, most of these people may not have called themselves Vikings since only a few engaged in raiding and pillaging, which was seen as a

From the videos we know that not surprisingly many of the runestones found from the Vikings age have something on them to convey Christianity. I find the fact that many runestones found where on the Christian monuments with runic inscriptions carved on them and many have a Christian cross on them very interesting. Since the Vikings were pagans, however, most of the things left to commemorate them are linked in someway to Christianity.

The Vikings were very civilized and had a very unique way of life. They were travelers and settlers, traders and conquerors. Over the span of about 400 years, the Vikings explored and discovered many places. Among these places are Greenland, Iceland and even North America.They were master shipbuilders and built ships superior to any other ships of that day.Their ships were built of planks of timber, usually oak, overlapped and nailed together. The ships were made watertight by filling the spaces between the planks with wool,

In Ancient China, they developed a writing system for preservation. In China, people would use logograms, which are symbols that represent a word or a meaning.In the early days of the ancient Chinese civilization, people would write on oracle bone or tortoise shell.In Ancient India, writing systems were developed for recording data and information. The Indus script used signs and words and it was written from right to left. By 1800 BCE, the Indus valley civilizations started to fall and writing were often used anymore. Ancient Egyptians started to developed a writing system called, hieroglyphics because they needed a way to record important information. They believed that recording data and communicate information about government and religion was essential. Scribes were only ones to write in hieroglyphics and were written from left to right or top to bottom. In Mesopotamia, people started developing a writing system to information. Mesopotamia created a writing system called, cuneiform. Mesopotamian scribes would record important dates and event, and position of the stars. These ancient civilizations started to create their own writing system to record history and communicate information.

In this chapter, Diamond discusses writing and the causes behind its development. Diamond explains that there were three basic strategies used to create a writing system in which signs would be used to represent sounds, words, or syllables. Few of these writing system were independently created while other were influenced by existing systems due to the difficulty of creating writing and the existence of nearby writing systems. One independently created writing the Sumerian cuneiform started with pictures depicting objects then words and was further developed when phonetic signs were used to write letters, syllables, abstract words, and determinatives. These writing systems developed as long as a society