Victoria Police Force

This essay will introduce two competing perspectives of policing, they are the orthodox and revisionist perspectives. This essay will then relate the orthodox and revisionist perspectives to the themes of lack of structure, industrialisation and finally hostility. It will then discuss whether the creation of the Metropolitan Police by Sir Robert Peel in 1829 was an effective solution to the changes within society as well as the challenges brought about through crime and disorder. The orthodox view is that the Metropolitan Police were, in fact, a rational decision made to adapt to the needs of the society. They argue that the establishment of the ‘new’ police was inevitable. The revisionist view would state that the ‘new’ police were not a rational decision. They believed that crime and disorder were not increasing, it was just that the ways of counting crime were largely different to previously. The revisionists also believe that the new system was in part beneficial for which to tackle issues that may have occasioned due to the new ‘dangerous class’ (Monkkonen, 1981, p147). In this essay, there will be reference made to the Brixton Riots in 1981 with a clear explanation as to how the orthodox and revisionist perspectives relate to modern policing activities.

The New South Wale’s police system have failed to meet the needs of its society due to the misuse and misconduct of its given powers. The police have a large amount of discretion

The Columbine High School Shooting allowed for us to see flaws within our police force. Throughout the Columbine shooting, there were many errors made by police. The police didn’t know the killers were dead, so they looked all throughout the school for bombs. They also feared that “the fallen bodies had been booby-trapped with explosives” (CITE), making them move slowly. These missed calculations impacted the lives of many. Dave Sanders, one of the teacher fatally injured, was in the science room bleeding out. The police knew this but didn’t arrive “until nearly 3 pm. When they arrived, they found more than fifty students with Sanders, who was barely clinging to life. A paramedic tried to stop his bleeding, but it was too late. Sanders died

Chapter 15 of the Police Powers and Responsibilities Act 2000 (Qld) outlines through codification the “Powers and Responsibilities Relating to Investigations and Questioning for Indictable Offences”. When operating an interview of questioning suspects about criminal offences, the requirements in chapter 15 relating to questioning suspects are there as safeguards against the abuse of police powers. According to the Police Powers and Responsibilities Bill 2000, the legislation had a number of purposes behind codifying the powers of police. These purposes were to consolidate and rationalize the powers and responsibilities police officers have for investigating

It has been made abundantly clear in the Victorian police blue form that the existent operating model is battling to prosper with the evolving demands upon it and to meet the wider communities’ expectations. In its current form the model will fail to meet the expected augmentation and sequences of demand in the coming years. Precipitately increasing demand is motivated by extensive social, economic and environmental trends. There are various factors leading to the need for change in the way Victorian police operate. A major factor is the rapid change in technology.

This paper will discuss issues related to the use of excessive force by the police. In doing this the paper will look at the concepts such as the need for police officers to use force, the definition of excessive force and causes that contribute to the use of excessive force. The paper identifies inadequate training, adrenalin overload, accidental application and retribution as the major causes of the use of excessive force. In order to reduce the use of excessive force as a result of these circumstances, the paper argues that it is instrumental to provide adequate training as well as regular training to police officers in order to improve their relations with the community and reduces occurrences involving the use of excessive force.

The media has scrutinized the use of force even more recently. Recordings of officers using force (weather excessive or not) become uploaded to the web and many individuals quickly jump to conclusions. Police use of “force” is up to the discretion of each individual police officer, and with each action a multitude of consequences can occur. The public often gets enraged after a court justifies the use of force, but often individuals do not have the full facts or understand how the justice system works. The outcomes of some use of force cases, many individuals are asking for transparency of agencies. Policy makers are often quick to react to satisfy the public by changing police policy.

There has been a substantial amount of cases where the excessive use of force by police officers have caused damages to innocent citizens, for example; in 2006 a teen was killed by police, he was shot 8 times. The teen was unarmed, yet the police planted a gun near him to justify the incident, the gun they planted became truly recovered from a housebreaking and whilst the cops concerned had been found they attempted to jot down new reports to make clear that the gun was close to the teen become now not the identical one he were carrying. Many factors can make contributions to this problem the police pressure is having with police officers abuse of power, one of them being the psychological health of cops where they aren’t suit to serve and protect the people they sworn to defend.

In today's modern world any use of force, whether deadly in nature or not, is subjected to the scrutiny of the media as well as the court of public opinion. Allegations of the use of excessive force by police departments in the United States continue to dominate the top news sources in the nation. However, citizens never hear of the countless incidents where officers choose to hold fire and display restraint under extreme stress, or decide to instead utilize less than lethal means to achieve their objective. Split-second decisions, even when made under ideal or perfect circumstances, are exceptionally difficult. Even well-trained officers are not consistently able to discharge their firearm, if appropriate, in the time before a suspect holding

State and territory police play a pivotal role in protecting community safety and protection. ‘Policing’ was a combination of national economic interests, domestic and international security, and represented in time by distinctive organizations (Chapman, 1970; Emsley, 1994). They have responsibility for peace preservation, and crime prevention as well as upholding the laws, providing assistance in personal emergencies, and coordinating and managing emergency incidents. Since the police can employ the discretionary powers, which is a flexible way to dispose of social problems, in a manner that either directs offenders to or diverts them away from, further penetration into the justice system, they are seen as the ‘gatekeepers’ of the criminal justice system, model authority, and law-abiding enforcement (Rob and Santina, 2015, p.348; Wortley, 2003). “They seek to sustain politically defined order and ordering via tracking, surveillance, and arrest. As such, they require compliance to command from lower participants and citizens. " (Peter and Jeffrey, 2015, p.246). Discretion is universal and legitimate power applied by criminal justice professionals in modern policing, which requires employing individual judgment for adjudicating whether they use a legal sanction in a particular situation (McLaughlin, 2013).

Policing relies on the public trust, police legitimacy and accountability, which can be destroyed by unjustifiable police shootings (Squires and Kennninson, 2010). Within this country, there is a recognition that the police do not always adhere to the rule of law (Newburn and Reiner, 2012: 809), which has led to consistent public outrage at the lack of effectiveness and legitimacy the police has maintained. Therefore the deliberate decision to enforce police to attend to the streets unarmed was employed to reassure the public that the police were not to be feared (Waddington and Wright, 2010). Ultimately, concerns derive from the belief that the police are completely ineffective when dealing with gun crimes (Farrell, 1992: 20). However,

In today’s society the police are harassed for supposedly abusing their power against people who commit crimes and innocent bystanders however the general public usually mix those two categories of people with each other. Officers are blamed for whatever course of action they decide to take in order to prevent a serious threat from arising. Consequently, the public is having a growing fear of the police, their own definitions of excessive force are biased, the police abuse their powers, etc. The change in how a police officer may carry out every situation may be a change that we need to protect the people.

The police play a vital role in today’s justice system; they are the heroes that catch armed banked robbers, stop kidnappings, and catch murderers that terrorize communities: or at least that is how they are portrayed. While police activities are much more mundane than the public may think, police are given total authority over the public to keep the streets safe. In Steven Lukes’ article, power, he gives a general definition of power as “the capacity to bring about outcomes” (Lukes 59), but that in actuality, a single definition for “power” is very controversial. Lukes gives synonyms such as “authority, influence, coercion, force, violence, manipulation, and strength” (Lukes 59), but chooses his words carefully to reveal the many

In recent years, society has heard cases of police brutality at an increasingly shocking rate, thus creating a sense of distrust among communities towards police officers and other authority figures. As the first line of defense against crimes such as home invasions or crimes against persons, police officers are expected to be an ally towards victims; however, it seems that society is now viewing officers as the perpetrators of crimes as opposed to the protectors. This has already posed an issue because community members are choosing not to seek police help when needed, and when they do decide to seek help, forgoing police assistance results in being uncertain of where else to go.

This essay will start by identifying the history of the police and when did the term ‘new police’ have been established notifying the beginning of a new criminal justice system. It will than discuss how far is the new police witnessing more sophisticated era in responding to crime. The techniques the police follow to fight crime could be divided into two section. The first section is the traditional approaches and that include random patrol and response, Stop and search, investigation and detection, intensive enforcement or zero deterrence (Khrn, 2013) .The other section is the developed approaches which term ‘targeted policing’ and that include hotspots policing, tackling repeat victimisation, focused deterrence (Khrn,2013).However, this essay we will only be discuss random patrol ,stop and search ,hotspots policing and focused deterrence. It will also identify some of the advantages and disadvantages of these mechanisms and to what extent they are functional and how they could be developed.