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Values Of Christianity And Paganism In 'The Wanderer'

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Most scholars think "The Wanderer" first appeared as a piece of oral poetry during the 5th or 6th century, a time when the Germanic Pagan culture of Anglo-Saxon England was undergoing a conversion to Christianity. It contains traces of both traditional Germanic warrior culture and of a Christian value system. The speaker for much of the poem is a warrior who has had to go into exile after the slaughter of his lord and relatives in battle. Now, he contemplates what the experience of the exile teaches him about life.

For most of the poem, the speaker expresses traditional Germanic beliefs about how a wise man should act, the inevitability of death, and mankind's inability to change his fate. The poem is bookended, though, by the Christian idea of the possibility of God's favor and grace, which the speaker holds up as the only possible refuge from all the misery he witnesses. The relationship between fate – in Old English, wyrd – and God's grace is not clear in the poem; the presence of both might be evidence of "The Wanderer's" position at the meeting point of Christianity and Paganism.

"The Wanderer" is both a lament for all the things the speaker – and people more generally – have lost, and also a reflection on what wise men learn from their life experiences. With this dynamic duo, "The Wanderer" combines parts of two traditional genres of Old English poetry: the elegy, or lament, and the wisdom poem. These two genres aren't unrelated, since Anglo-Saxon poets believed that

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