Uti Case Study

Mr. Davy Jones is a 60-year-old man that presents incontinence, nocturia, difficulty urinating, and a weak stream when urinating. The patient visited the clinic on 03/01/2017 after experiencing these issues for approximately two months. He is experiencing fatigue with not being able to achieve adequate sleep during the night due to nocturia. He is complaining of bladder always feeling full after voiding. Patient has had multiple UTI’s that was treated with antibiotics and was successful with medicinal treatment.

The patient is a 43-year-old healthy female on birth control who tells me last night at about 10 o'clock, she started having urinary symptoms, including burning with urination, frequency, suprapubic pressure. She denies any flank pain, no fevers. She does tell me she suffered throughout the night with these symptoms, but then by this morning, she got AZO and did take that. This did relieve the symptoms. She feels quite comfortable throughout the day today. She does get normal periods on her birth control tablets. She states her last period ended this past Sunday. She did note that yesterday, she had some vaginal discharge that seems like dried blood. She has not had any itching or other vaginal discharge and no further

During hospitalizations, falls are amongst the highest preventable consistent adverse events. Preventing such undesirable events, enhances patient overall experience, as well as increased trust in the health care professional team (Fragata, 2011). The importance of fall prevention lies with the many serious unfavorable health outcomes it can pose on the patient. Falls have the potential increase length of hospital stay, limit mobility, independence, but can ultimately lead to health deterioration, including death. Worldwide, falls are the second leading cause of accidental death. In addition to the life-threatening health and safety risks falls have to the patient, it also as a financial impact,

First, neurological disorders can occur, as seen with Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease, which can lead to neurogenic bladder (“Neurology/Neurogenic Bladder,” 2017). Next, physiological disorders can occur as seen with enlarged prostate in men or shortening of the urethra in women (Jaipaul, 2017). Anticipating the above changes appropriately will aid in understanding what leads to urinary retention in older adults, the resulting need of catheterizations, and the CAUTIs that can follow. Having a foundation to build on, it would be beneficial to explore what nurses can do prevent urinary tract infections in patients who require catheterization.

Nearly 1 in 3 women will have had at least 1 episode of UTI requiring antimicrobial therapy by the age of 24 years. Specific subpopulations at increased risk of UTI include infants, pregnant women, the elderly, patients with spinal cord injuries and/or catheters, patients with diabetes or multiple sclerosis, patients with acquired immunodeficiency disease syndrome/human immunodeficiency virus, and patients with underlying urologic abnormalities. There are important medical and financial implications associated with UTIs. In the nonobstructed, nonpregnant female adult, acute uncomplicated UTI is believed to be a benign illness with no long-term medical consequences. However, UTI elevates the risk of pyelonephritis, premature delivery, and fetal mortality among pregnant women, and is associated with impaired renal function and end-stage renal disease among pediatric

Urinary tract infection also referred to as UTI is the second most common infection in the body. The urinary tract system in your body which includes the bladder and kidneys makes urine and carries it out of your body. When germs get into the urinary tract system an infection is typically formed. UTI’s are usually caused when unwanted bacteria enters through the urethra and begins to multiply (www.mayoclinic.org). The bacteria that are normally found in the large intestine and feces are the most common source of a UTI. Sexual intercourse is one of the common causes of urinary tract infections for women, causing bacteria to move up into the urinary tract. Sometimes in a hospital setting a patient who is on a catheter can also get a urinary tract infection.

Patient safety is one of the nation's most imperative health care issues. A 1999 article by the Institute of Medicine estimates that 44,000 to 98,000 people die in U.S. hospitals each year as the result of lack of in patient safety regulations. Inhibiting falls among patients and residents in acute and long term care healthcare settings requires a multifaceted method, and the recognition, evaluation and prevention of patient or resident falls are significant challenges for all who seek to provide a safe environment in any healthcare setting. Yearly, about 30% of the persons of 65 years and older falls at least once and 15% fall at least twice. Patient falls are some of the most common occurrences reported in hospitals and are a leading

Catheter is a tube that inserted into the bladder to drain urine and then connected to drainage bags. CA-UTI causing pathogens are normal flora of intestine can enter in to urinary tract when catheter was inserting or remain in the bladder. In all nosocomial infection CA-UTI account up to 40% and leads to epididymitis, prostatitis and orchitis in males, cystitis, pyelonephritis, bacteremia, endocarditis etc [1]. In hospitalize patients a prolong use of catheter increase risk of CA-UTI. Gram-negative bacteria that form biofilm formation associated with CA-UTI. Symptomatic UTI normally not occur in CA-UTI, it is usually asymptomatic and infrequently cause blood stream infection. For lab finding Sample should be collected from catheter tube in

As I headed towards the patient, I was figuring-out the causes of resident’s hypoglycaemia. Then, I remembered that on Wednesday morning during the doctor’s visit, I assisted the GP to insert an indwelling foley catheter into this resident since for the past days, the patient had urinary incontinence. A midstream urine sample was collected through the sterile catheter bag. The dipstick analysis indicated that urine was positive of leukocyte esterase, nitrates, protein, and blood which all lead to the doctor’s diagnosis as Urinary Tract Infection (UTI). A nitrofurantoin anti-biotic was prescribed. With these information in mind, I began exploring the link of

Based on Mr. Leroy’s current behavior and clinical symptoms, his primary differential diagnosis is an Acute Pyelonephritis (APN). Acute pyelonephritis is an upper urinary tract infection classified by inflammation of the renal parenchyma and renal pelvis and is mostly due to a bacterial infection stemming from the bladder (Wie et al., 2014). Mr. Leroy symptoms of costovertebral angle tenderness to his right side, fever, and confusions are similar to symptoms seen with acute pyelonephritis. According to Kang et al (2014), elderly patients with APN have a higher incident of GI symptoms and altered mental state status, such as ones seen with Mr. Leroy. E. coli can be one of the major contributing factors for APN and is typically accompanied by

The patient I Observed ,Ms Maggie, is a female patient in her 60s who has previously suffered a stroke, DVT and is currently taking a diuretic to prevent any further thrombi or emboli from forming. She presented complaining of a persistent urinary tract infection

A urinary tract infection (UTI) is an infection in the body that attacks the kidneys, uterus, urethra and bladder. Women more than men are more prone in getting a UTI in their lifetime. A UTI typically develops when bacteria in the rectal region comes in contact with the urethra and it then makes its way to the urinary tract. There are three types of urinary tract infection (UTI) first one is Urethra (urethritis) which is an infection in the urethra, the second one is bladder (cystitis) which is an infection in the bladder and the third one is kidneys (acute pyelonephritis) which is an infection in the kidneys.

A UTI develops when part of the urinary tract becomes infected, usually by bacteria. Bacteria can enter the urinary tract through the urethra or, more rarely, through the bloodstream.

It is essential for the nurse to have a proper and detailed assessment to determine the most likely cause or type of UI. One of the most basic and least invasive assessment a nurse can do is to obtain a complete history. A complete history must asked questions such as onset and duration, aggravating factors, characteristics, medical history (medical conditions and medications), associated symptoms, attempted treatments and severity (Testa, p. 83). There are also different tools that a nurse can use such as the Urogenital Inventory/ Incontinence Impact Questionnaire and Bladder Diary. Using questionnaires and bladder diary can be used in order to facilitate data gathering for people who have difficulty discussing incontinence face to face. Thorough history can provide insight and help identify potentially reversible causative factors and contributing risk factors related to UI (Mauk, p. 553). It is also important to have a detailed physical assessment, which focused on genitourinary system, abdominal, rectal and neurologic system, in order to determine the pathophysiology of voiding problems. If the nurse suspects any cognitive impairment from the initial assessment Mini Mental State Examination, Mini- Cog, and/or Confusion Assessment Method can be used to determine the severity of the cognitive impairment. It also alerts the healthcare provider for the patient’ increased risked for constant incontinence and it also determines the appropriate interventions. Having a comprehensive assessment will help the healthcare provider to diagnose and establish proper

The healthcare provider should consider cost, the effectiveness of the medication, and side effects when choosing a medication (Colgan & Williams, 2011). First tier treatment of acute cystitis includes: nitrofurantoin, Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, and fosfomycin (Colgan & Williams, 2011). If the patient has an allergy or intolerance to first tier medications ciprofloxacin, and levofloxacin are appropriate second tier choices (Colgan & Williams, 2011). Education could also be used. It is important to remind the patient of risk factors for UTI development and how to prevent a UTI. While it may not eliminate her from developing any more UTIs, it may reduce her chances for multiple