Use Of The Telephone For Diabetes

According to Rural Health Information Hub (2017), the fundamental purpose of disease prevention is to keep individuals healthy. One implements health promotion interventions in an effort to promote healthy behaviors and to decrease the risks of developing chronic illnesses (RHIH, 2017). According to the ADA (2016) individuals that participate in health promotion behaviors are more likely to have better health outcomes compared to those who do not. The EBP change project has shown that educating patients with prediabetes can increase diabetes knowledge and promote an increase in health promotion behaviors. The EBP change project outcome has indicated that participants who completed the 6-week diabetes education program were able to increase their knowledge regarding type 2 diabetes. Therefore, with the positive outcome of the EBP change project, the EBP change project site can incorporate certain aspects of the diabetes education program into their patient education to increase diabetes knowledge, picking healthier food options and participants in activities that would increase physical fitness.

Jared Diamond is a world renowned scientist, author, Pulitzer Prize winner, and currently a geography professor at UCLA. Of his six books published, we will be looking at the last chapter of his fourth book, Collapse: How Societies Choose to Fail or Succeed. In this book Diamond utilizes the comparative method to find resemblance in past societal collapses with our current society. In the chapter entitled, "The World as Polder: What Does it Mean to Us Today," Diamond points out that there are indeed many parallels between past and present societies and that our modern day society is currently on a path of self destruction , through examples such as globalization and the interdependency of each country.

With increased levels of stress and psychological demand, the need for peer support and networking is evident. Both face-to-face and online options are available for support. One method of peer support is through online social networking support. Online support of the parents has been shown to significantly increase self-efficacy in managing diabetes¹³. Parents share experiences and provide support to one another leading to a positive impact in dealing with the distress of managing diabetes¹⁴.

The goal is to increase the percentage of understanding of diabetes and how to live empowered with diabetes. I will conduct outreach programs in various methods to reach the people to participate in the health program. My objective is done by specific, measurable, achievable, results-focused, and time-bound (SMART) goals. By May 31, 2018, an increase of 40% establishes one-on-one follow up education session with each individual and families through home visits or phone calls to monitor them to improve their lifestyles. By February 30, 2018, an increase of 80% distribution of brochures and with door to door interactions with the individuals in the community. By September 2018, increase 90% of people to engage in community health fair, classes, and exercise activities on diabetes and cardiovascular classes. This will introduce the individuals in social support that allow interactions with teaching and

In the case of the reviewed study, care was delivered fruitfully to a group of sick individuals that were poorly controlled, and the main medium used included live phone calls. According to the review paper, new forms of interventions that are based on technology emphasize on the utilization of the internet, telephone, pagers, cell phones, email and web-based programs to monitor and measure the condition status of diabetes patients, report on various habits and symptoms and encourage changes in a number of aspects of the management of the disease. In the case of the reviewed study, the central aspect was improved glycemic control and better adherence to medication (Fisher & Dickinson, 2011).

Diabetes has recently become a focal point of health care systems around the world due to its high prevalence and the severity of secondary complications caused by the disease. Over the course of my project on diabetes, I have had the opportunity to speak with a group of diabetics to understand from a patient’s perspective how diabetes is managed in a rural community. While I found that while some patients ignored treatment and refused to make any dietary changes, the majority of the patients I interviewed were well-informed and actively managing diabetes in their everyday life.

Diabetic patients have a chronic and complicated disease process which requires continual monitoring. Telehealth interventions were used to assist rural obese diabetics in South Carolina using TeleCare for one year. Patients participating in the TeleCare trial had better reductions in glycated hemoglobin and significant reductions in LDL cholesterol levels at 6 and 12 months than those receiving conventional interventions (Davis et al., 2010). Four factors that contributed to TeleCare being successful were high participation retention, modification of materials for cultural competency, coordinating administrative functions with the primary-care centers, and personalized interactions during group education sessions via video conferencing (Davis et al., 2010, p. 3).

In contrast to asthma, 285,000,000 people in the US had either type I, type II, or gestational diabetes in 2010 (Cavanaugh, 2010). Type 2 diabetes, which is acquired due to unhealthy lifestyle and other external factors, is more common, affecting 95 out of 100 diabetics. (Cavanaugh, 2010). The most crucial aspect of diabetes to have adequate knowledge about is glycemic blood levels (Cavanaugh, 2010). Hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia are extremely common due to the pancreas’s inability to correctly administer insulin, the hormone that manages glycemic blood levels, throughout the body (Cavanaugh, 2010). According to the study, those who are more proficient in math had an easier time administering their medications (Cavanaugh, 2010). This is due to the necessary method of injecting insulin based upon measured levels of blood sugar using a device that pricks the skin, and calculates a value by testing the blood (Cavanaugh, 2010). While a lot of it is done automatically with today’s society, a basic instruction on how the electronic devices used would dramatically affect literacy outcomes (Cavanaugh, 2010). Low blood sugar or hypoglycemia is more common with individuals possessing inadequate health literacy (Cavanaugh, 2010). Without the proper knowledge, 30% of those with Type 2 diabetes are expected to have hypoglycemic emergency events, and out of the 14,000 tested, 11% of them did have a hypoglycemic

We live in an era of rapid technological change, and this environment, undoubtfully changes the human health. Diabetes is one of the most widespread diseases, unfortunately. Therefore, there is a pressing need to inform people about healthy ways of living and a caring approach to their health. The American Diabetes Association (ADA) is one of the organizations that try, to prevent diabetes and raise awareness on the disease in the US and around the world. Unfortunately, it has a set of weaknesses, which influence not only the work of the organization, but the general public’s opinion of it as well.

Type 2 diabetes is a chronic disease where patient education is imperative and requires education that surpasses the primary care office. According to Cha et al. (2012) basic education and family involvement is an essential component for pre-diabetic and diabetic population to achieve glycemic control. Time management and time constraint are obstacles that are affecting the primary care provider in initiating health promotion topics and disease prevention information (Kowinsky, Greenhouse, Zombek, Rader & Reidy, 2009). Recognizing the time constraint at the EBP change project site for health promotion and patient education a culturally sensitive educational program would be created to promote healthy lifestyle behaviors targeting African Americans with prediabetes.

The review of literature section will define diabetes and prediabetes, identify the prevalence and major risk factors for diabetes, and present behavioral changes that can reduced the risk of developing diabetes. This section discusses the types of presentations and teaching methods that have been utilized in diabetes prevention and the health belief model. The final paragraphs in the review of literature present the learning theory and delivery method of instructional designs, which are ideal for a diabetes prevention program.

Diabetes is a serious medical condition that can also be a risk factor for the development of many different diseases and conditions including dementia, heart disease, and CVA. Thus, effective management of diabetes is very important. Patient compliance can be difficult to achieve if the person affected with diabetes is not educated about the illness or treatment, has not fully accepted the diagnosis or its severity, will not change habits or believes that the prescribed treatment regime is too difficult or ineffective, has cultural beliefs conflicting with the treatment regime, experiences stressful events, lacks social support, or suffers from psychiatric issues unrelated to diabetes (Gerard, Griffin, & Fitzpatrick, 2010). As one may expect, adequate education programs are essential tools when dealing with diabetics. Solid education will provide the patient with information as well as teaching the necessary skills to manage the disorder. The primary focus of any diabetes education program must be to empower patients as a part of the multidisciplinary team. This team should be focused at integrating diabetes into the lives of the patients and this focus should be based on the decisions made by the patient, otherwise the treatment plan can be looked on as forced (Gerald et al., 2010). Every patient stricken with diabetes has the right to benefit from an education program of this type. First, basic education and facts should be administered directly following the diagnosis of

JB was terrified during the interview because she also had a history of gestation diabetes with her last son and was not eating as nutritionous as she wanted to and did not exercise regularly despite having available resources. This author can understand her fear for developing diabetes as the literature indicates that it is the sixth leading cause of death and is cited as a global epidemic (Castro et al. 2008). The author also understand her risk for developing type 2 diabetes, like many of her maternal relatives, because it is closely linked to obesity and sedentary lifestyle which are factors the patient has at this time (Shulze & Hu 2005). This author will not just solely focus on her risk factors but on promoting her prevention of diabetes and well being in the future through the development of a

Diabetes has become an epidemic in today’s society. Diabetes affects almost every system in the body, and with an estimated 346 million people in the world with diabetes, healthcare has been heavily affected by the disease (Ramasamy, Shrivastava, P., & Shrivastava, S., 2013). One of the biggest issues for healthcare workers when it comes to diabetes, is that it is such a complicated disease. With so many different systems being affected, medical professionals have had to learn how the disease process works, what causes diabetes to work through the systems, and the best treatments to address all these issues. Through much research, the healthcare system has grown very knowledgeable on diabetes. One important aspect of treating diabetes has been in the introduction of diabetic education. In the past, nurses and dieticians had been responsible for educating patients on diabetes, but now that role is also extended to other people in the healthcare team, including the patient (Tomky, 2013). In fact, patients taking an active role in the education process, including learning to self-care has now become a priority in diabetes treatment. The following paper will discuss diabetic education, the importance of self-care and how this affects a patient’s compliance.

On November 15, 2017, I attended a professional meeting called “Think Like A Pancreas: A Practical Guide to Managing Diabetes with Insulin.” The sponsors for this meeting were SNDA and CVD. The speaker who presented at the meeting was Gary Scheiner Ms, CDE. He is an author of the book “Think Like A Pancreas: A Practical Guide to Managing Diabetes with Insulin.” The general objective for this meeting helped people gain more knowledge about diabetes, and learned more from author personal experiences with type I diabetes. After I attended this meeting, I become more knowledgeable about diabetes. I have a chance to learn more about diabetes nutrition, different type of medications, and many tools that are available for diabetes patients to keep track on the blood glucose.