Unit 1 Respiratory System

Gas exchange occurs between the air and blood in the lungs. Since the oxygen saturation of air is higher in the lungs than in the blood, oxygen diffuses from air to blood. Carbon dioxide moves from the blood to the air within the lungs by diffusing down its concentration gradient. As a result of this exchange, the inspired air contains more oxygen and less carbon dioxide than the expired air. The lungs provide necessary oxygen to the body, in addition to removing carbon dioxide. More importantly, blood leaving the lungs has a higher oxygen and lower carbon dioxide concentration than the blood delivered to the lungs in the pulmonary arteries. This is because the lungs function to bring the blood into gaseous equilibrium in the air. Gas exchange between the air and blood occurs entirely by diffusion through the lung tissue

2. The exchanges of gas begins with the diffusion of oxygen down its gradient; oxygen present in the environment is greater compared to oxygen in tissues and vice versa for carbon dioxide. After the oxygen is inhaled, the oxygen binds to hemoglobin and then travels via the bloodstream into the alveolar capillaries in the lungs. The oxygen rich blood goes into the right side of the heart and the left side pumps it to the rest of the body while exhibiting a greater oxygen partial pressure at this point than the atmosphere. The exchanges of gases between the capillaries and the cells of the body occur by the diffusion of

Gas exchange takes place in the lungs, and more precisely in the alveoli, the tiny little air sacs deep inside the lungs. The exchange takes place between the alveoli and the capillaries that surround the alveoli. The because there are millions of alveoli, this increases the surface area for gas exchange and makes the alveoli specialised for what they do. The walls of the alveoli are permeable and only one cell thick so gas exchange happens easily. The blood in the capillaries around the alveoli return from the body full of carbon dioxide

from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. Respiration is an example of diffusing gas molecules that takes places in the lungs. The oxygen we inhale is exchanged for carbon dioxide in tiny air sacs in the lungs called alveoli. When oxygen-depleted blood goes near the lungs, carbon dioxide diffuses into the alveoli where it is eventually removed through exhalation. At the same time, oxygen diffuses from the

e purpose of the respiratory system is to bring the air we breathe into close contact with the blood in order for the absorption of oxygen and expulsion of carbon dioxide. The respiratory system consists of a pair lungs which are connected to the mouth via the trachea and bronchi. The ribs and intercostal muscles are part of the respiratory system. This is because they not only protect the lungs, trachea and bronchi but also move and assist with breathing.

The main process of getting oxygen into the blood is the process of diffusion. Through diffusion the oxygen molecules pass into the alveoli. In the lungs the cells are going through cellular respiration. This allows for carbon dioxide to be produced and exhaled out. It is thought that a person can exhale out 100 times more carbon dioxide than the person initially took in. When blood is distributed through the capillaries throughout the lungs carbon dioxide is exchanged through diffusion to the cells. Oxygen is then distributed into the oxygen in exchange for the carbon dioxide. When inside the muscles there is a gas exchange that is opposite of that which happens inside the lungs. In the muscles, carbon

The respiratory system is responsible for the gas exchange that provides the body with oxygen (O2) and eliminates Carbon Dioxide (CO2) from the body. This exchange of gases happens through a process called diffusion, where O2 diffuses into the capillaries, and CO2 diffuses into the lungs. This point of diffusion is the alveoli, located at the end of bronchioles.

That meaning air going in and out of the lungs. Exchange of gasses between the external environment is called external respiration which is between the lungs and the bloodstream (Zimmerman, 2016). There is internal respiration exchange of gasses between the bloodstream and body tissues. Lastly, this system is also responsible for your vocal chords to produce sound and the process of olfaction (Zimmerman, 2016). In order for the body to maintain homeostasis, all of the parts in the system have to properly work together.

Gas exchange is the physical process where oxygen and carbon dioxide diffuse across a gas exchange surface. They do this as the respiratory gases are needed for cellular respiration. Cellular respiration takes place in the mitochondria of an animal cell, and it is the process where glucose is broken down to make ATP (energy). Cellular respiration requires glucose and oxygen to produce carbon dioxide, water and ATP. Gas exchange is the process where oxygen is made available to the cell to be used for respiration, and carbon dioxide can exit the cell as a waste product.

However, the process of gas exchange that the human blood accommodates in exchange for gases in the atmosphere. In this process, the gas exchange goes on in the lungs, and is established from the processing

The process of oxygen getting into the body’s muscles is simple. First oxygen enters into the body through the nasal cavity, then travels down the trachea. While travelling down the trachea, dust and bacteria get trapped, preventing infection and sickness. Later then, the oxygen goes into both the right and left bronchi, then lungs. The oxygen travels further through the lungs, going to the bronchioles and further to the alveoli. Once the oxygen has reached the alveoli, it then proceeds into the blood stream, letting the oxygen run throughout the body. Soon, this oxygen reaches the heart and allowing the heart to pump the oxygen to the muscles. This helps all working muscles to produce movement (Oxygen transport system, n.d.). These muscles

As a result gas exchange takes place in both directions rapidly and effectively along Consequently in the lungs / alveoli's gas exchange occurs into and out to the lungs. This exchange occurs in a rate that occurs rapidly and efficiently. This occurs in a steepest possible concentration gradient.

When this has taken place the pressure within the lungs is increased and air is expelled. When the body is in action for example during physical activity greater amounts of oxygen are required, meaning the intercostal muscles and diaphragm have to work harder. Gaseous Exchange Gaseous exchange is the delivery of oxygen from the lungs to the bloodstream, and the elimination of carbon dioxide from the bloodstream to the lungs. It occurs in the lungs between the alveoli and a network of tiny blood vessels called capillaries, which are located in the walls of the

For the test subject, her IRV value was 1.025 liters of air. Meaning, this was the volume she inspired following a normal tidal inhalation. As for subject’s expiratory reserve volume (ERV), this value was 3.28 liters during the time of the trial. This value reflected the amount of air forcefully exhaled following a standard tidal expiration. Upon comparing these results, ERV had a greater volume than IRV. This result did not align with the hypothesis because according to the lab guide, the inspiratory reserve volume of an adult is approximately 3000 ml, while expiratory reserve volume is 1200 ml. The reason why ERV is smaller than IRV is because the lungs are never empty; there is always a small volume of air that remains even after forcefully expiring following a normal expiration, this is known as residual volume. Therefore, the results for the subject’s ERV and IRV were opposite of each other. The possible reasoning for this discrepancy is attributed to human error. For instance, there was a possibility the test subject did not inhale to her maximum capacity. As for ERV, there was the likelihood of the subject exhaling a smaller volume than tidal expiration before the maximum expiration, therefore when it was used to calculate for ERV it resulted at a higher value than expected. The last type of static volume found at Table 2 is vital capacity. The vital capacity is the summation of the

The respiratory system is the process responsible for the transportation and exchange of gases into and out of the human body. As we breath in, oxygen in the air containing oxygen is drawn into the lungs through a series of air pipes known as the airway and into the lungs. As air is drawn into the lungs and waste gas excreted, it passes through the airway, first through the mouth or nose and through the pharynx, larynx and windpipe – also known as the trachea. At this point it then enters the lungs through the bronchi before finally reaching the air sacs known as alveoli. Within the lungs, through a process known as diffusion, the oxygen is transferred to the blood stream through the alveoli (air ducts) where it is then transported inside