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US Judicial Branch: Federal Court System

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c. Judicial Branch: Federal Court System

The judicial branch, or court system, of each state and territory has at least one federal trial court (U.S. District Court) hearing federal cases in that state. Appellate courts sit throughout the country. The U.S. Supreme Court sits in Washington, D.C., and it is the final court of appeal in the United States. Federal courts hear cases involving federal statutes or the U.S. Constitution. They also hear cases in which the United States is a party or cases involving diversity jurisdiction (disputes between citizens of different states) that exceed $75,000 in controversy.

i. Supreme Court

The highest federal court is the U.S. Supreme Court, which consists of nine appointed Justices.

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