Tuberculosis : The Rate Of Deaths And Cases Of Tuberculosis

TB is still proven to be a top killer around the world, and with more cases of drug resistant TB being reported daily, the cost of treating and preventing this disease will continue to be on the rise.

Once believed to be easily treated and prevented, Tuberculosis (TB) has recently been making a steady comeback. Previous to modern medicine, TB claimed millions of victims, spreading from person to person like wildfire. Around the 17th-18th centuries, the “White Plague” took the lives of 1 in 5 adults (20%) in Europe and North America (Iseman, 1994). However, as technological advances progressed, this seemingly ferocious viral disease became a primal, insignificant thing of the past. But, in the nature of all bacteria, TB has, in the recent years, mutated to become progressively drug resistant. Why is Tuberculosis coming back with a vengeance? Well, the answer’s quite simple. TB has done an amazing job of standing in the corner and

As a result, infected people suffer from being isolated from society and their families. They feel ashamed and they do not have the confidence to fight against TB. Poverty and lack of education are the main risk factors for TB because they can cause the people to become weak and malnourished and so unable to fight that infection. The TB death rate varies depending on the environment. It was reported by World Bank in 2009 that there was only 1 doctor for every 12,000 people in rural areas, for every 15,000 people in remote areas, and every 2, 430 people in urban areas ( as cited in World Health Organization, n.d.). Because of the shortage of doctors and lack of healthcare education, TB disease and the death rate are increasing more and

Tuberculosis has been part of human history for a long time but how long is a long time? Recent research using genetic data has allowed us to know that the tuberculosis progenitor has been on this planet for about 3 million years affecting even our earlier ancestors (Gutierrez et al, 2005). Additionally this research showed that the bacilli from tuberculosis are capable of mixing sections of their genome with other strains and giving the pathogen a composite assembly, which resulted from ancient horizontal exchanges before its clonal expansion. This quality provided tuberculosis a big advantage that even now a days allows the organism to evade, adapt and create resistance to treatments that were once successful. In order to fix current and

Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious killer worldwide. However, over 95% of TB deaths occur in developing countries (WHO). TB is found to be a curable disease when appropriate medications and treatment are taken. Using the biomedical system is not sufficient to eradicate TB because medical interventions will fail if social determinates aren’t taken into considerations. The biomedical system is a key component in diminishing TB because it allows for diagnosis and control. Social determinants of health play a huge role in shaping one’s health. Three main social determinants that acts as a barrier in curing and preventing TB are income, food insecurity and access to health care.

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It is very important to know that TB can be treated and cured by taking the required medication that could last for around 6 to 9 months depending in the dosages. It is very important as recommended for all types of medication to make sure it is taking properly and is finished to avoid getting sick all over again. Selected studies were evaluated for their objective(s), design, geographical and institutional setting, and generalizability. Studies reporting health outcomes were categorized as primarily addressing efficacy or effectiveness of the intervention (Cobbelens, 2012). Tuberculosis can be cured and the social elements have always been an important issue on who will get the disease and who will be able to receive help to become cured. This disease will remain a worldwide issue for many individuals. Medication is continuing to treat as well as cure the advances of this disease and technology and medication has changed over the years, that it has become a way of shortening the amount of therapy that is needed. Perhaps in the future individuals will commit resources, plan and implement interventions that are needed to help reduce the deaths that are caused by TB. References Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2009). The Centers for Law The Public Health. Retrieved from HYPERLINK http//www.cdc.gov/tb/programs/TBLawPolicyHandbook.pdf http//www.cdc.gov/tb/programs/TBLawPolicyHandbook.pdf Cobbelens, F.

Tuberculosis has been a persistent threat to the human race as far back as Hippocrates (c.460-c.370 BC). Globally, tuberculosis has infected millions during waves, often killing scores of people at a time, and then receding giving it an almost supernatural quality (Daniel, 2006). In recent history tuberculosis has been recorded in all corners of the world, and currently infects one third of the global population. In 2012, TB was responsible for killing 1.3 million people, making it the second largest fatal disease next to AIDS. The purpose of this paper is to describe tuberculosis, explain contributing factors, describe the disease in relation to the epidemiologic triangle, and finally

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TB is the most common cause of infectious disease–related mortality worldwide. in 2014, TB killed 1.5 million people (1.1 million HIV-negative and 0.4 million HIV-positive). The disease included 890 000 men, 480 000 women and 140 000 children. TB now ranks alongside HIV as a leading cause of death worldwide. HIV’s death in 2014 was estimated at 1.2 Million, which included the 0.4 million TB deaths among HIV positive people. Worldwide, 9.6 million people are estimated to have fallen ill with TB in 2014: 5.4 million men, 3.2 million women and 1.0 million children. Globally, 12% of the 9.6 million new TB cases in 2014 were

The disease can be transmitted mainly through the air, but there are other means of being infected with TB. Alcohol and drug abuse are some of the popular means in which infection can occur and since the drugs weaken the immune system, the spread of the ailment can be rather fast. Terminal diseases like HIV and cancer reduce the immune system and this promotes propagation of the disease into an individual’s body system.

Tuberculosis (TB) continue to be a major public health problem world wide (Lönnroth, Migliori, Abubakar, D’Ambrosio, de Vries, Diel,…Raviglione, 2015). Approximately one-third of the worlds population is infected with the bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis and are at risk for developing TB. The WHO’s Global Tuberculosis Report 2017 reported an astounding 10.4 million cases of confirmed TB and an estimated 1.8 million TB related death worldwide in 2016. Unfortunately, 95 percent of the global TB pandemic are in low- and middle-income countries where there is a lack of resources to combat or appropriately address such issue.

Tuberculosis is the one of the world’s second deadliest disease; having killed around 1.5 million people in the year 2013, second only to HIV/AIDS. Around 3 million cases, which equates to one-third of the global total, go undiagnosed and hundreds more cases are considered to be a drug-resistant form of the disease. A search done on the New York Times’ website turns up 10 articles with the word “tuberculosis” in the headline published over the past 12 months while “HIV and AIDS” turns up 91 articles (Gould, 2015). The sad reality is that tuberculosis is not given enough attention compared to other well-known diseases such as HIV/AIDS. Tuberculosis is considered a disease of the past and not an immediate threat to developed nations; not to mention that it is just not profitable route for the health care industry to pursue. Although, when processing all this information, we tend to forget that HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis go hand-in-hand, as tuberculosis is an opportunistic disease for AIDS patients in sub-Saharan Africa and workers/patients in medical and correctional facilities.

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India, the second most populous country with over 1.31 billion people, has the highest burden of tuberculosis (TB) in the world, accounting for 20% of the global incidence of TB, and an even higher share of global incidence of multi–drug resistant (MDR) TB. With an estimated 2 million new cases of TB and 5, 00,000 TB-related deaths in India annually, those who got diagnosed with different forms of DR-TB were 35,385 cases but only 20,753 people started on multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) treatment in 2013. The National Tuberculosis Program was launched in 1962, but suffered heavily continuing TB led mortality. Acknowledging this reality, a Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme (RNTCP) was launched by the Government of India in 1997, however even today it does not comply with World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations.