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Totalitarianism In 1984

Decent Essays

To what extent is change a major theme in the context of totalitarian society depicted in Orwell’s “1984”? 1984 is a novel written by George Orwell showing the dangers of totalitarianism and so the importance of free speech and thought. It was written in the 1940’s, after the Second World War when socialism was becoming more popular. Orwell tells the story of a post-national world through the eyes of an Outer Party member, Winston Smith. One might assume that in a totalitarian world, described by Winston as “the age of uniformity”, change would not be a relevant theme as control is often linked to absence of change. This would be an incorrect assumption, as even though the Party controls everything from morning routines to the economy, the …show more content…

It was divided into three super-states, Oceania, Eastasia and Eurasia, that are constantly at war. The mentality of the population also changed amidst the revolution mainly due to fear, as anyone accused of “thought crime” will be tortured and erased from history or sent to a labour camp. War, fear and propaganda are the main ways the Party controls its citizens. War has a completely different definition in 1984. Countries are not fighting for territorial or economic gains, nor because of ideological differences. War is a way for the Party to keep a considerable part of the population poor and uneducated, by destroying the products of human labour. In the words of Goldstein: “The primary aim of modern warfare (…) is to use up the products of the machine without raising the general standard of living.” Even though in the war, the enemy keeps changing from Eastasia to Eurasia and vice versa, the state has one enemy that remains constant, Emmanuel …show more content…

Winston works in the Ministry of Truth, which is in charge of all information distributed to the population. Each time someone is found guilty of thought crime or the enemy in the war changes, all data will be modified to fit the current truth. Orwell shows how Winston’s character slowly develops and realises the severity of the situation and so becomes less passive. The major modifications in Winston’s character appear after he meets Julia. He becomes more critical of the Party in thoughts and more rebellious in actions, because he has found someone to share his opinions with. However, on an intellectual level, Winston is clearly ahead of Julia. Julia cannot see the bigger picture and only cares if she is affected on a personal level. This is where we can make a connection between the proletariat, or “the proles”, and Julia. The proles make up the lower-class and the majority of the population. Like Julia, the proles are not interested in change, which can be explained in at least two ways. The proles are supervised less than the Inner and Outer Party members, which is why they do not feel the need for change as strongly. The second reason, as mentioned before, would be the lower educational level imposed by the Party. With less knowledge of the world around them, the proles are less inclined to rebel.

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