To what extent does environment play an important role in character’s behaviour towards others?
Books: Great Expectations, Charles Dickens, 1861 Lord of the Flies, William Golding, 1954
Environment is a vital factor in determining the behaviour of characters; the books both agree and contradict with each other though. William Golding is of the view that humans share an innate evil: he strips boys of the order of society; he places them in a primitive environment; and in the subsequent story, their conduction descends from that of being civilised into that of evil chaos. He employs Simon, a boy of rare quality, to illustrate this by having him realise that the beast is not real, it exists only “inside us”. Charles Dickens writes about the
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However, as time goes on and civilisation seems further away, as hope- and want- of being rescued fades, their system degenerates. The ever-present violence succeeds peace: originally it starts of as being a game, Ralph “returned as a fighter-plane, with wings swept back, and machine-gunned Piggy”; when they eventually hunt their first pig, Jack boasts, "You should have seen the blood!"; the boys kill Simon in a frenzied ritual dance, even Jack and Piggy are not innocent as they too were present though they try to forget it; Piggy is killed; then Ralph is hunted like an animal, by the “savages” of Jack’s dictatorship, he only survives because he runs into the British Navy on the beach. In Great Expectations, Pip is an innocent boy to start off with. The reader sympathises him, from the outset he is identified as an “orphan” and Mrs. Joe, his sister- who many adults keep spitefully reminding Pip- “brought [him] up by hand”, abuses him. She is always shouting at him and punishes him with things such as the “Tickler.” Pip is also berated at the Christmas dinner: Mrs. Hubble ‘asked, "Why is it that the young are never grateful?" This moral mystery seemed too much for the company until Mr. Hubble tersely solved it by saying, "Naterally wicious."
In our society, people are often cruel to one another in the want for personal gain, but this is restrained to mere social interactions and online in our industrial world. However, when we are separated from civilized society and the pressures that it places upon us, we are quick to turn to savage, cruel behavior to survive. Golding understood this idea, that we are only civilized when others are watching, and showed the possibility for even the purest to become affected by societal pressures in his novel, the Lord of the Flies. In order to show the role of cruelty in shaping the novel Lord of the Flies, Golding uses character archetypes, the idea of cosmic irony, and extended symbolism to highlight the inherent flaws of human nature and the potential for even the purest individuals to turn to cruel ways due to societal pressures.
Humanity is primarily born evil, as our natural instinct is to comfort/sustain oneself. As shown in Golding’s article, “Why Boys Become Vicious”, and in his novel, Lord of the Flies, Golding portrays strong uses of foreshadowing. In the article, “Why Boys Become Vicious”, he explains that boys can become brutal, vicious animals, and can be very deranged people. Golding explains that without support
William Golding has realized how because readers are so different from each other, one still has to collaborate to get the best results and has proven to every person that we should all work together. For example Piggy, a fat and a weak boy contributes so much, even though his own friends made fun of him, but Piggy devoted himself because Golding has claimed “Piggy was so full of pride in his contribution to the good of society that he helped to fetch wood”(Ch#8). William Golding illustrates an example of human nature in which he shows how there is a struggle between right and wrong. Human nature in this case also has shown how boys listen and work accordingly towards the demands of Ralph because he claims “We've got to have rules and obey
He scornfully sees the other boys "Acting like a crowd of kids". Later on , Piggy has the idea of creating a sundial to keep track of time. Piggy strives to maintain a hold on the old world they came from and retain a semblance of law and order in their ever increasing chaotic lives. At this point events are interrupted as Jack has let the fire go out and a ship was passing. Piggy supports Ralph in telling Jack off for his negligence and Jack hits Piggy in the face smashing one of the lenses of his glasses, making it difficult for Piggy to see clearly. This seems to cement the relationship between Ralph and Piggy and leads to Piggy becoming a threat and a person to hate for Jack. He refuses to share the meat from the pig with Piggy , who is finally given some by Simon. From this point on Piggy is now firmly in Jack’s sights to be punished and bullied. He is always telling him to shut up. The division between Ralph and Jack widens as he is concerned only with hunting. Piggy is now dependant on Ralph as he cant see properly but similarly Ralph is becoming dependant on Piggy for support as law and order is breaking down and Jack leaves the group to set up his rival tribe taking with him by intimidation the choir and leaving Ralph and Piggy to care for the littleuns.
Humans are capable of living peacefully because they are born pure. When the corruption of society approaches and influences one’s morality, they become progressively evil. The novel Lord of the Flies by William Golding is a tragedy which explores the hardships of young boys that are stranded on an island during World War II, and are forced to create a new civilization as it is crucial for their survival. The downfall of their fate is not just a result of their lack of experience, but due to the profound savagery in humanity. The murder of Simon and Piggy are deeds that Golding uses to portray the cruelty of the boys as they lose their compassion. In addition, Roger and Jack are seen as sadists, because as they
There is a quote by Edmund Burke, “man is the cruelest animal”, that perfectly describes the truth about human nature; that humanity, at its core, is an evil species. William Golding acknowledges this fact in his 1954 novel, Lord of the Flies. Throughout the novel, Golding highlights the cruelty of children, the carelessness of their actions, and the evilness present in the very fabric of society.
Golding’s view of human nature is naturally evil, as shown in Lord of the Flies. Golding and his fictional stories, such as Lord of the Flies, are not far from the truth; as shown in stories like Animal Farm and To Kill a Mockingbird, humans are cruel and egotistic. William Golding presents human nature as bad, demonstrated countless times in Lord of the Flies. From Simon’s brutal murder, to Piggy’s cruel ending, Golding shows that human nature is
William Golding’s first novel, Lord of the Flies, presents his pessimistic views on society and our primitive instincts. He demonstrates this through the setting of an inhabited island where a group of British schoolboys have been stranded. The entire story becomes a symbol for the theme Golding is developing, about the darkness within humanity. Within Lord of the Flies, William Golding highlights the flaws of society back to the flaws within human instincts, through the characters of Jack, Roger and Simon.
In the novel, Lord of the Flies, William Golding is able to use his outstanding writing abilities utilizing metaphors, symbolism, and other literary devices to establish a hidden message throughout the novel. The hidden message that Golding builds on is that there is a natural evil inside every human being, which is suppressed in an organized society through laws, rules, and punishment. The young boys in the novel are on an island all by themselves. There is no punishment for their actions, therefore allowing that evil to come out of most of the boys. All humans have an innate evil within them and that evil is brought out when there is a lack of civilization and consequence as seen in Simon’s murder,
William Golding’s basic philosophy that man was inherently was expressed in such instances as the death of Simon, the beast within the boys, and the way Ralph was savagely
In William Golding’s “Lord of the Flies”, the novel simulates aspects of raw human nature. One part of this human nature is the division between good and evil, and how it plays a role in the personality of a human. This idea, develops a concept throughout the story. It is that in every person, there is a level of evil and savagery, this cannot be manipulated, but the level of which one displays it can. It develops personality, some people will tend to hold in their anger or distaste, and others will let it loose, altering the personality among people. In “Lord of the Flies”, this level of evil that is shown, varies in each character among the island.
Some speculate that the people who commit extremely appalling acts as adults were raised to commit these ghastly crimes, while others believe that everyone is born with an evil already inside of them. In William Golding’s psychological fiction Lord of the Flies, the idea of being born innately evil is recurrently alluded to. The novel is about a group of young British boys who crash land on a remote island. They are left with no laws to tell them what they can or cannot do, and are extremely frightened of a so called “Beast” that they expect lives on the island. In the Lord of the Flies, “The Beast” symbolizes the evil and devilish proclivity inside of all humans. Through the use of “The Beast”, William Golding illustrates how the novel is
William Golding’s Lord of the Flies is a gritty allegory of adolescence, innocence, and the unspoken side of human nature. Countless social issues are portrayed, however one of the most reoccurring is the nature of man. Throughout the novel there is an ever-present focus on the loss of innocence amongst the boys, shown by the deterioration of social skills and their retrogression into a barbaric form of society. Also portrayed is the juxtaposition of a cruel, evil main character and a more classically good counterpart, and their eternal rivalry for power and authority over their younger subjects. Does society or the lack thereof create evil in human nature, or simply magnify a pre-existing
Many times throughout the book, Piggy is the voice of reason and helps to guide Ralph along that same road if he loses his way. After scolding Samneric for being pessimistic about their fate, Ralph momentarily forgets the reasons why the signal fire is so important. "He tried to remember. Smoke, he said, we want smoke. Course we have. Cos the smoke's a signal and we can't be rescued if we don't have smoke. I knew that! Shouted Ralph" (Golding 172). Ralph begins to lose his initial cheerfulness and enthusiasm and replaces it with disinterest and pessimism. Piggy and Ralph separate themselves from Jack and his tribe and continue to maintain their "government". However, when Jack and his tribe kill a pig and invite Ralph and Piggy to join their feast, the two accept and cannot resist the temptation of the meat. Later on in the celebration, Jack and his tribe perform a ritualistic dance, in which Piggy and Ralph later join. "Piggy and Ralph, under the threat of the sky, found themselves eager to take a place in this demented but partly secure society" (Golding 152). They realize that the dance fueled the boys to murder Simon, and later deny their participance in it. "We left early, said Piggy quickly, because we were tired" (Golding 158). Ralph and Piggy recognize the evil in the dance, and know that if the others found out about their participance in it, then the boys would claim that Piggy and Ralph would be
In the words of the philosopher Jean-Jacques Rousseau, “Our greatest evils flow from ourselves.” In other words, humans harbor an ever present looming evil nature within themselves. Evil is the force in nature that governs and gives rise to wickedness and sin, or the wicked or immoral part of someone. This concept of inner evil rising to the surface permeates William Golding’s dystopian novel Lord of the Flies, that evil exists in every human, proven through the characterization of the marooned boys. There is foreshadowing of the dangers of the boys’ inner immorality from one of the boys, Simon. As the novel progresses, evil starts asserts itself as the boys cast off their innocence and humanity, and turning against each other. Even the