Title IX

This article address suggested changes to Title IX of the Education Act of 1974 and to the interpretation of Title IX. The changes discussed are (1) a change to the method of college supported team funding, (2) the abolishment of the designation of “men’s sports” and “women’s sports” by replacing with the term and concept of “participant sports,” and (3) the inclusion of intersexed and transgendered / transsexual participants.

Human rights and fundamental freedoms are the birthright of all human beings. It is the government’s responsibility to protect these rights. The United Nations Human Rights Center helps regulate and provides information on human rights. However despite the UN’s effort somewhere there is a man or woman being denied of what should be their unquestionable rights. For many years certain rights did not exist in America for slightly under half of the American population. This group of people was made up of every woman living in the United States. In 1972 a law called Title IX was introduced and was crucial in the fight for woman’s rights. In the Universal Declaration of Human rights states in article two “Everyone is entitled to all the

This provides an argument that men’s intercollegiate sports should not be dropped in order to reach Title IX compliance. The article states that colleges should look to increase women’s sports to achieve substantial proportionality rather than the cheaper,

Title IX came to be in 1972. It was put in place by Congress and became an educational amendment. This law has specific sections, and one section states that girls and women who are in federally- funded education programs also including athletics are not to be discriminated against. It is no secret that females have more of a hardship than men in a lot of areas with sports being one of those top areas. This amendment ensures that girls and women will get the same opportunity and fairness in athletics just like men do. In result, females have even had better facilities as well as the equal opportunities. Things have gotten better for females, but this amendment was not welcomed in the beginning when it was first implemented. People complained that boy’s/men’s sports would suffer a loss because of this, specifically the NCAA and high school administrators. “Title IX passed with little controversy in 1972. Soon after Title IX passed, however, the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) and high school administrators complained that boys' sports would suffer if girls' sports had to be funded equally. Regulations about how to implement the law were not released until two years later, and these regulations did not go into effect until July 1975. Even then, the Office of

It has been forty years since the Title IX law was passed. Title IX was formed to give men and women equal opportunities. Jobs, scholarships, recruitment of student athletes, and even housing and dining services are equally available to men and women thanks to Title IX. Before passing the law, women were sitting on the sidelines. Women were not allowed to participate in most sports. While men were getting all the attention for sports, women sat there and hoped that one day they would be recognized. It is/was everyone's dream to become "known." To become a "somebody," women just wanted equality. In 1972, that became an actual opportunity.

In January of 2011, Delaware University announced that it was discontinuing its men’s wrestling, swimming, tennis, and gymnastics programs (Gottesdiener, 2011). Organizations like this are being diminished and discarded at an ever-increasing rate all across America. College and high school students competing in these athletic events are truly passionate about their chosen sport. In many cases, promising athletes are offered scholarships, initiating a symbiotic relationship between the student and the school they play for. In 1972, a new legislation was put forward with the intent of leveling the school-sponsored playing field. “No person in the United States shall, on the basis of sex, be excluded from participation in, or denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any educational program or activity receiving federal funding” (What Is Title IX, 2014). This law is widely accepted as being an invaluable catalyst for the momentous success in female athletics today. Although Title IX has without a doubt been incredibly beneficial to female sports programs, it has not too recently been the source of some heavy speculation. With justifiable evidence, and passionate fervor, male athletes across America are declaring that Title IX is synonymous with injustice. Title IX was necessary in 1972, but it is now outdated and hindering male athletics. Two conflicting arguments, both with substantial claim, leave room for all but one solution. Title IX, although once

Do people still believe that History books relay accurate information about the past? How do we know that the events which occurred hundreds of years ago (as stated by history books) actually happened? In this book, Tey did a good job in proving that the history books we read do not usually contain events that happened the way it is written. She explains that human beings do not like it when they are challenged to go against what “history” has labelled “the truth”. The author depicts this vividly in this text using Richard III. No one, ( before Grant) had ever attempted to solve the mystery involving Richard III and the death of his nephews, and for hundreds of years, Richard III was automatically labelled the “evil uncle” without justification.

Cooper-Dyke, Cynthia; Leland, Ted. "Open To All" Title IX At Thirty: The Secretary of Education's Commission on Opportunity in Athletics. (February 28,2003)

The idea of equity in society particularly in athletics has been a major topic in athletics for many years. However, in spite of the long and storied history of the fight for equity in athletics we still see a lot of misunderstanding especially involving one particular law. This law is Title IX which has a number of awful misconceptions associated with it even from female athletes themselves. One misconception that is very popular especially among the critics of Title IX is the idea that “Title IX exists to force to schools to drop men’s sport’s”(Kane, pg. 3). This is something that was reinforced by an report authored by Dr. Mary Jo Kane who is a Professor at the University of Minnesota regarding the 40th anniversary of Title IX. Dr. Kane indicated that she opens her sport sociology class discussions on Title IX by asking her class what they know about this subject. Dr. Kane indicated in her report that Title IX “remains a mystery to the vast majority of her students, both male and female” (Kane, pg. 3). Dr. Kane goes on to point out the misconception mentioned above is commonly said by her students including her female D1 scholarship athletes who are the ones that have benefitted most from this law. Overall Title IX is a great law even if it is a law that takes a lot of bad press although this is largely due to the actions or in some cases lack thereof from the leaders who reside in college athletics.

Gender has always been a starting point for much of the judgement in our society whether we realize it or not, and it’s exactly the causes of one of the many controversies that there is today. Title IX, the law passed to help overcome prejudice and grant girls the same opportunities as boys, is getting not only the credit it deserves but much backlash to counter it. The main purpose of this law was originally to give girls the opportunity to play the same sports as boys were able to, and thanks to the law girls are now given these opportunities to play sports in addition to also give many transgender students more rights within the schools than ever before. Even with all these steps forward in society, there are still those who believe

Persuasive essay: Female athletes should be permitted play with males or on a male's sport team. Female students being able to take part in playing a sport with males is important because equality is becoming more prominent in today's society. My contention is that coed sports promote a kind environment where everyone has a chance to participate and teaches children and young adults about gender equality. According to Laura Pappano coauthor of “Playing with Boys: Why Separate is not Equal.” She says that “Constructing a team based on skill level will show the misbelief in male athletes and teams being superior.”

Title IX is a law that states, "No person in the United States shall, on the basis of sex, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any education program or activity receiving Federal financial assistance..." —United States Code Section 20. There are most definitely people that would oppose this law, but most can agree. There should not be discrimination to women, and there shouldn’t have been from the start. Title IX provides women freedom to be able to do whatever men can do.

As stated previously, women have a much lower interest in competing in athletics, statistically speaking. For example, high schools must also obey the regulations put into play by Title IX by offering the same number of sports teams for each gender, thus giving high school students equal opportunities to participate in athletics. However, even though both male and females are offered the same opportunities, 1.4 million fewer females choose to compete in high school sports than males. Based on recent reports from the 2010-11 academic year from the state high school athletic associations from all 50 states, sports participation among genders is approximately 4.5 million boys, or 60% of total participation, as compared to approximately 3.1 million girls, or only 40% of total participation.(Toporek) Although this statistic clearly

The School Board will be in violation of Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972, 20 U.S.C. §§ 1681 et seq., if they do not allow a male that is diagnosed with gender dysphoria and identifies as a female, access to the female restroom. Though the Supreme Court has not ruled on this topic, a Fourth Circuit ruling, the Department of Education and Department of Justice Dear Colleague Letter, and case law regarding transgender students can help enlighten the school board on this topic. An introductory understanding of Title IX of the Educational Amendments of 1972 will assist in this matter. Title IX of the Educational Amendments of 1972 and its regulations prohibit sex discrimination in schools, educational programs and activities that are recipients of Federal funds. Within Title IX it specifically prohibits the discrimination of student’s based on gender identity, including the discrimination of transgender students. Title IX provides: “[n]o person… shall, on the basis of sex, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any education program or activity receiving Federal financial assistance” 20 U.S.C. § 1681(a).

The setting up of co-ed, or mixed gender, teams in schools has been highly debated by many students, parents, and school staff. Some argue than not allowing girls and boys to play on the same team promotes gender stereotypes among kids, while others claim that because of differences in body size and strength, boys and girls should not be on the same team. Co-Ed teams are in place across the nation with many claiming that they “promote a healthy environment where boys and girls are equal”, but the reality is that the forming of co-ed teams in some sports like football or basketball is not a good idea because boys won’t be able to get as physical with girls as they would with boys, nor would they be able to play by the same rules.