This essay deals with the three shortages of masts and timber in the 1770s, 1803, and 1808, and considers how the navy dealt with these shortages. In the War of American Independence and the Napoleonic Wars, the Royal Navy often faced the risk of the shortages of these goods. In the second half of the eighteenth century, Britain gained the maritime supremacy in the Atlantic and the Indian Ocean, and constructed many ships both for the navy and for the merchants. However, as Britain could not produce the sufficient quantity of naval stores in her own country, Britain depended on the import of naval stores from several areas. Masts from Norway, Russia, and New England, pitch and tar from Carolina, iron from Sweden, and hemp from Russia greatly contributed to British naval power in the long eighteenth century. The dependant position …show more content…
Although Albion’s work is comprehensive and deals with the long-term supply of woods, he pays little attention to the contribution of the Baltic masts and timber for the navy in the War of American Independence, as Knight points out. Knight, Gwyn, and Frost focus on the specific areas. Morriss pays more attention to the European situation as he focuses on oak and hemp. Crimmin deals with the only the early nineteenth century. Existing studies did not firmly draw a comparison of the measures against the timber shortages and illustrate the relationship among the navy’s attempts of the procurement of masts and timber. This essay focuses on the continuity of the measures against timber shortages and the effects of the procurement of masts and timber from one area on that from other areas. These points allow us to understand the navy’s view about the procurement of wood products in wartime of the late eighteenth and the early nineteenth
Our thesis, “The inventions of the hot air balloon and water vessels during the Civil War both were new methods of transportation and helped the Union succeed” was accepted. The hot air balloons helped give the Union an observational advantage on the battlefield and the ironclad ships (specifically the Monitor) gave the Union a advantage in warfare on the rivers and ocean.
During the mid-eighteenth century, the European was struggling to spread its power in the whole world, especially in Americas and Asia, experiencing various regional issues in economy, diplomacy, and territory with local people. Document 1 6, and 9 are dealing with the business, smuggling and taxes in Plassey, and Carribean. Document 3, 5, 7, and 8 are involving several negotiations and diplomatic techniques during the Seven Year’s war period for gaining more benefits. Document 2 and 4 are
In the book 1812: The Navy’s War, Author George C. Daughan gives the reader an inside look into the events that led to the War of 1812 and war itself. Within the book, Mr. Daughan analyzed the conflict between the recently discovered Unites States and Great Brittan. The book gives in detail the short-term consequences of the War, as well as the lingering effects the war brought to the United States. By the end of Mr. Daughan historic text it is abundantly clear that the War of 1812 forever impacted the way the United States military operated. Mr. Daughan gives an outstanding synopsis of the United State’s rise as a military power, specifically the United States Navy. Daughan gives the reader an in-depth look of these gruesome battles, by using letters, journal writing, and other first-hand accounts of those directly involved in the war.
A British rule of 1756 stated that if there was no trading in peaceful times, then there would be no trading in times of war. If this were to occur, the ships carrying the goods could and would be seized by the British. (Tindall and Shi, 245). American ships were seized by both England and France, which was an infringement of America’s neutral trading rights. When the ships were seized, the goods were taken and American sailors (especially in the case of the British) were impressed (taken from the ship and forced to join the crews of the ships that seized them).
(Doc. A) One would assume that commerce would increase after a war, due to friendlier relations with foreign countries and a growth in population. However while the population in the United States continued to grow after the revolution the exportation rates slowly evened out. (Doc. B) The statistics alone prove the ineffectiveness of Congress’ ability to control and improve American commerce.
2.During the years 1860-1890, Michigan's commercial development was dominated by the sawing, harvesting, milling and marketing of timber. Michigan politicians (under the influence of the state's Lumber Barons) fought hard to stop a bill that would have allowed Canadian lumber to enter the U.S. duty free. The lumber was desperately needed to rebuild a major American city after what terrible disaster?
”(Foner 117) By the end of the 17th century, commerce was the foundation of empire and the leading cause of competition between European empires. Explain how the North American colonies were directly linked to Atlantic commerce by laws and
From early on the British were confronted with serious challenges with providing provisions for troops operating in America. During the war, British provisioning strategy relied heavily on sustainment support to come from the homeland. The 3000-mile trip proved to a tactical hindrance in feeding the troops as well as resupplying with ammunition, blankets, shoes and armament. Often taking several months to arrive, the supplies arrived spoiled and unusable. Further amplifying the issue, the U.S. Continental Congress authorized “legal piracy” which attributed to the seizing of over 300 British ships during the war.
The year 1942 marked a division in the contemporary world history. There were a number of developments that would bring enormous effects for the Old and the New World Wars. The discovery of these developments changed the diets of both the western and eastern regions, assisted in initiating the Atlantic slave trade, and spread illnesses that had a destructive effect on populations in India, and resulted in the creation of European colonies across the Western region (Cohen and Rosenzwei 124). This paper is focused on establishing the main events that made England to gain control over the Atlantic and establishing settlements in North America. The paper
Throughout the 1800’s, commerce and the need for trade was at a rapidly growing pace, as it would be in the years to come, and the dawn of a new century was beginning to bloom. Being only a few decades after the Revolutionary War (the turning-stone in American history,) tensions were tight between both Britain and America. American and British businessmen and leaders of shareholders were pushing to transport and receive goods from the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans as quickly as possible. As the situation was beginning to arise into the minds of the governments, a need for an alternative route that was both a faster and more efficient approach to delivering items to foreign countries was escalating swiftly. Occurring throughout the course
Alfred T. Mahan's The Influence of Sea Power upon History in 1890, outlined and argued that three factors were crucial to The United States' rise to the position of a great world power; the construction of a canal in Central America, the expansion of U.S. naval power, and the establishment of trade/military posts in the Pacific, as a means to stimulate trade with China. This book placed a strong emphasis on the idea that a strong navy stimulated trade, and influenced policy makers such as Theodore Roosevelt and other key proponents of a large navy. Mahan pointed out the importance of sea power in
In the 19th century, America saw major expansions and technological advances that paved way for the grand expansion of agriculture that boosted the nation’s economy. Regardless of the fact that Great Britain had tried to keep secrets regarding machinery and inventions, most of America’s advances were propelled by inventions such as the cotton gin by Eli Whitney in 1793, steel plow by John Deere, railway, steamboats, telegraph, and canals. In addition, technology’s profound effect on agriculture also led to the rise of the textile industry whereby factories produced materials such as cotton thread and cloth. Many of these initial factories are recognized in historical texts, but the Lowell factory system is one that is famous – precisely the
Mahan wrote a number of books based on the theme of the “Influence of Sea Power Upon History.” Mahan’s basic idea was that to remain great and strong in an ever more competitive world, America needed a powerful maritime force, both naval and commercial, and an overseas infrastructure
(Devore, Lecture #3.) Even though most of the credit was issued from England, it allowed the colonists to buy more things and further strengthen and enhance the cohesiveness of the colonies. By this time the colonies had already well established external trade relationships with both the Indians and other countries. One of their major trade partners was the West Indies, where the colonists procured molasses from which they made rum. (Devore, Lecture #3.) All of these economic developments – consumerism amongst the colonies, Anglicizing of the colonies, the newfound availability and use of credit and the abundance of external trade – play a major role in the reasons that lead up to the American Revolution.
Through expansion onto what is now the United States, the late eighteenth century claims great innovations in regards to the textile industry. Notable contributors of this great expansion include Samuel Slater & Mills Francis, Cabot Lowell & Power Looms and Elias Howe & Sewing Machines, for their creation of competitive machinery (Bellis, 1).