preview

Thomas Allan Brady's Serapis: The Greek God

Decent Essays

Serapis is a Greco-Egyptian deity of the sun first encountered at Memphis, where his cult veneration was sometimes connected to that of the sacred Egyptian deity known as Apis (who was called Osorapis when deceased). Some depictions of Serapis, portrays him with a basket on the head, which indicates a plentiful harvest. Serapis was originally a god of the underworld but was reintroduced as a new deity with many Hellenic aspects, who centered the worship of the deity at Alexandria. Serapis was an invented god, which was a hybridized deity based on various Egyptian and Hellenistic deities who was presented to the world at the beginning of the Ptolemaic Greek Period in Egypt. He was meant to establish a connecting pathway between the Greek and …show more content…

Furthermore, Brady suggests that Serapis “was portrayed as a male wearing a Greek style robe with a Greek hairstyle and a full beard.” Speaking of which, Egyptian deities are generally not portrayed as having full beards, with the exception of the god Bes, which according to author Shelli Wright Johnson refers to an Egyptian divinity venerates as the protector of households, more specifically, of mothers, children and childbirth. Located above Serapis’ head is a basket, which according to Brady some scholars refer to as modius. The modius was aimed to represent his fertility characteristics as well as to display his connection to the Egyptian divinity Osiris. Sometimes, Serapis may be depicted wearing a pair of curved ram’s horns. There are also occasions where the “guardian of the Underworld, the three-headed dog Cerberus”, are located below him at ground level. The cult of Serapis, through its beginnings by the Ptolemies, obtained some major following passed the borders of Egypt. This is can be seen by looking at the number of temples that were built in honor of Serapis, particular those that have been discovered in countries such as Turkey and Italy. Serapis was, for a given period not only captivating to the original crown, but to others too. Figure 6 represents a composite god created early in the Ptolemaic (Greek) rule of Egypt to unite Greeks and Egyptians. The deity combined aspects of Egyptian gods (especially Osiris, the ruler of the Underworld) with Greek deities (particularly Zeus, the king of the gods). Worship of Serapis continued in the Roman period and eventually spread to

Get Access