Spectacle and the Universal: ISIL’s Impact on Canadian Constructions of Heritage and Islam Context and Research Question: In August 2015, after capturing the ancient Roman site of Palmyra, the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) spectacularly exploded the remains of the Temple of Bel and the Temple of Baalshamin. They immediately spread the images of their destruction online by creating videos and news reports. ISIL’s acts of destruction mark the largest-scale mass destruction of antiquities by one group since the Second World War (Kulish and Myers 2016), and their videos are extremely effective in disseminating their spectacles outside of the Middle East. Scholars in art history, archaeology, and law consider these acts the destruction of cultural heritage (Harmanşah 2015; Bauer 2015; Brodie 2015; Drasewska 2015; He 2015; Kila 2015). In particular, ISIL’s videos seek to defy Western European ideas about cultural heritage which are often cast as universal (Meskell 2002, 568) and engage a worldwide audience through carefully articulated performances. However, the many Canadian journalists using digital media to protest the destruction and reassert their own humanitarian, cosmopolitan, and civilized heritage values clearly mark the success of this strategy (Manley 2016). In fact, a trend emerged where popular news stories claim that ISIL is destroying the heritage that belongs to all of humanity (Harmanşah 2015, 173). Some scholars dispute the validity of this
The Islamic civilization spread to encompass such an extensive empire by using their resources and becoming a peaceful civilization with peaceful people.
“So they were trying to re-invent themselves and their universe... Science fiction was a big help.” (Chapter 4)
The “Sons of Freedom” are a small radical group that diverged from a religious sect known as the Doukhobors. This zealous and revivalist subsect evolved from the Doukhobors only to gain the government’s attention for their extremely radical acts. They have initiated bombings, arson, nudist parades, and hunger strikes, all in protest to the land ownership and registration laws of Canada. Such obscene and violent demonstrations have caused a great deal of conflict between the Sons of Freedom and the Canadian government’s legal system and have also generated much public resentment. However, should the State of Canada have imposed laws upon this minority group that blatantly conflicted with their religious beliefs?
Culture can be defined as the behaviours and belief characteristics of a particular social, ethnic,
Treaties signed between the British crown and First Nations people of Canada has resulted in companies using traditional First Nations' land without permission or consultation. Canada's historic relationship with Indigenous peoples is one of discrimination and unfair treatment. One clear example of this is treaties that largely left indigenous people with little land and living on government-run reservations. Often these settlements did not compensate First Nations people fairly for their land. While First Nations people interpret treaties as the creation of a mutually beneficial relationship with the government, companies have used these agreements as a basis to extract resources and use land without Aboriginal people's permission. One example
Since 1971, there has been some important and innovative changes in Atlantic Canadian historiography that has made an impact on our world. One of the greatest landmark’s in Atlantic Canadian history, in my opinion, was the resurgence of treaties rights for the Mi’gmaq and Maliseet nation. Thus, my focus for this essay will be on Mi’gmaq historiography in regards to fishing and treaty rights in the maritimes. There have been three well known fishing disputes in Atlantic Canada, ranging from the 1981 the Listuguj Raid, to the 1999 Supreme Court ruling concerning the Donald Marshall Case, and a year later with the Burnt Church Crisis. All of these historic events are steps for the Mi’gmaq Nation to reclaiming their treaty rights. After over
Canada’s media industries have played a huge role in the Canadian culture. The Canadian culture has integrated with other countries forming a successful globalization. Many countries including the United States have contributed to the success in Canada’s media industries. The success of globalization between all of the countries was predicted by Marshall McLuhan and ever since his prediction, the world can be depicted as a global village. The global village can be viewed as a tool, a tool that is bringing the world together, despite the different languages, locations, and diverse cultures. With new technologies being developed more often, the communication skills between different countries are very successful. Canada’s diversity in their media and policies has established a global village with people around the world, allowing them to relate to the Canadian culture.
Canadian history has been profoundly shaped by numerous events. The fifteenth Prime Minister, Pierre Elliot Trudeau remains one of the greatest citizens to define the nation’s identity. During his fifteen years in the position, he makes multiple decisions and contributions of great importance towards the growth and prosperity of Canadian society. As a result of his ambitions and efforts, widespread popularity known as “Trudeaumania” begins as a phenomenon that had existed like no other before his time (Gwyn 14). “He touched the dreams of an entire generation of Canadians” and his fame will continue for future Canadian generations, as his accomplishments positively affected the country, leaving an enduring legacy that propels a still-flourishing Canadian ideal of peace and perseverance (Gzowski Peter and more 50). Further to his overall popularity amongst Canadian citizens, Pierre Trudeau is a defining figure in Canada’s rich history, as he unites Quebec with the rest of Canada, he is responsible for the passing of both the Constitution Act in 1982 and the Multicultural Act in 1971.
Since 1867, Canada has been attempting to become its own independent nation. Canada has been trying to achieve its freedom from external control and influence from the United Kingdom, and be rewarded with the right of self-government. Canadian leaders and heroes have been persistent on proving that Canada is capable of growing up and separating from its mother country, Britain. This sovereignty could bring Canada many opportunities, which she would have never come close to, as a colony of the British. Canada has dreamed of being able to make its own decisions, as a child would dream of becoming an adult. Over the years, Canada has proven this and become more autonomous through wars, treaties and its relationship with countries all over the
Canada is considered to be a cultural mosaic, where all cultures are embraced opposed to a melting pot where it is expected to adopt one culture. Government regulated media is more favourable than policies based off of self-regulated solutions when addressing Canada’s media industries and cultural needs. Canadians place importance on national identity and without government regulated policies, the content in the media would have minimal Canadian information. According to the Aird Commission, when Canada’s media was operating through private enterprise, many stations expressed conflicting content, however, with state regulated media, broadcasting allows the nation to have a unified vocation. One unified message being sent to the nations citizens is more beneficial than multiple broadcasts on differentiated and insignificant information.
Art’s and Culture has and will continue to make a significant impact on Canadian identity. Media, Radio,Television,Film,Song,Book and Magazine industries have all helped to shape our society by using These industries show us who we really are as true canadians. (See For Yourself)(Blattberg)
Although Canada is a multiculturalist nation practicing secularism, there are still struggles on religious diversity in schools. Consequently, segregation of students’ base on their religious beliefs precedes typecasting, thus a division in social groups happens. Students when singled out from their peers can have an adverse effect on their self-esteem, more importantly, when they have difficulties adapting in a new and diverse school community. More likely when teachers ask students to say some insights or overview about their religion, some students may cringe from getting too much attention, hence making them feel uncomfortable. For that reason, handling issues of diversity with sensitivity can make students feel safe and prone to learn
27. The Millennium and the End of Sin: The millennium is the reign of thousand years of Christ with His saints in heaven between the first and the second resurrection. During this time will be judged the dead impious. At the end of that period, Christ with His saints and the Holy City will descend from Heaven to Earth. The dead impious will then be resurrected, and with Satan and his angels will surround the city; but the fire of God will consume them and purify the Earth.
Things that are valuable to us can be things that are old or that have family value and some of the values can also come from our memories. Some of the values that we have, might not be bought with money. There are many treasures in the world but it is all in the person.Everyone has a different perspective of what something valuable can be to them. When people who have the chance to get anything they want, they don’t seem to value everything they have but when you compare it to a person who doesn’t have the chance to get everything they find even the smallest things valuable to them.
Imagine getting off the plane for the very first time after living the majority of your life in a Muslim country. The first sight you see is a couple being publicly affectionate. This is my grandmother’s very first encounter on Canadian soil. To any Western this is a social norm, but to an Arab woman it is a cultural shock, which is perceived as uncomfortable at the least. Although she is closed minded, it partially is not her fault, as I have lived with her in Tehran and Dubai –two Muslim cities located in the Persian Gulf and the Middle East. (PDA) Public display of affection is forbidden in these two countries. To me public affection is not just “…people making out and touching each other inappropriately…” it is the respect you have for