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The book begins by discussing the historical context of the war and time period in which refugees emerge into the scene. According to Tang, “the United States publicly positioned itself as the champion of displaced Cambodians, passing the 1980 Refugee Act and casting it as a global freedom project and Cambodian refugees as needing rescue by U.S. liberalism” (15). Throughout the book, Tang discusses how the United States contributes to the constant state of captivity that refugees experience from the minute they leave home to the moment they arrive in America. The United States’ participation in the Vietnam War gave rise to Pol Pot and the Khmer Rouge; these conditions caused a lot of unrest and forced many people like Ra to flee or remain trapped in captivity under the Khmer Rouge. The United States’ perspective on their actions during the war do not acknowledge their contributions to the national refugee crisis. Refugees are viewed as a solution to the war in the American perspective; thus, Eric Tang introduces the concept of refugee exceptionalism: “the ideologies and discursive practices that figure refugees as necessarily in the hyperghetto but never of it” (14). Tang effectively outlines the subsequent chapters where they each address a certain way in which captivity is maintained for Ra and other refugees. In Chapter 3 that mentions the Welfare Resistance, Ra is shown to be

“The space inside Zeitoun and Todd’s cage was approximately fifteen by fifteen feet, and was empty but for a portable toilet without a door” (219). Using words like “cage” and “empty”, Eggers illustrates the terrible conditions in which the government kept Zeitoun, his friends, and other prisoners. The restrictive environment of Camp Greyhound and, later, solitary confinement, created a sense of hopelessness in Zeitoun, who was forced into this situation because officials assumed that he was a terrorist based on his race. The fact that Zeitoun was not even tried for a crime was a blatant disregard of his rights, and such abuses were only exacerbated when he was denied a phone call to his wife. Eggers, in an interview with related prison personnel, reveals the truth of the matter: “‘They should have gotten a phone call’”

In the essay, author indicates a very cruel situation, it is very harsh for prisoners who live in jail, terrible and uncomfortable environment for them. However, police ignore prisoner’s human rights, and they misuse and force prisoners in the jail, police believe it is very funny, and they believe society and authority both of them don’t care what happen in the jail. By the way, police believe prisoners don’t have equal rights as other people. In addition, because of lacking controlling from government, police are more brazenly persecute prisoners. Author feels slipping about whole situations, his father pick up mother, author wants to find out, she is suppose to be sobbing, almost suppose be big powerful person, it

“institutionalization.” The idea that inmates that have spent so many years behind bars that they can no longer function in a free society. I can only imagine how difficult it would be to one day have to get yourself up out of bed, make yourself some food, and go to work in a society that has passed you by. After forty or fifty years of inmate life you become depended on the prison it becomes your world, your security. The example of this in the movie is

Week nine has come and gone, likewise attending has become comfortable. Today’s topic in Dr. Thompson class consisted of the prison system and went over key terms such as rehabilitation, incapacitation, retribution, and deterrence as well all subjects associated with the concept of prison. Also, the class discussed what the meaning of prison meant to each. Prisons, in my opinion, are intended to house people held for punishment for their crimes they committed. Prisons are seen today as instruments of punishment instead of methods to rehabilitate. The overcrowded conditions and inadequate medical facilities and mistreatment have caused the federal courts to intervene within the California prison system. Furthermore, English 1A essay also consisted

The development of acceptance is a process laid upon several significant factors and by belonging, one may gain confidence and feel tolerated. Likewise, being alienated and ostracised can have a negative influence on how one may act, and thus social outcasts are made to feel inferior because of the harmful manner in which they are treated. These concepts of inclusion and discrimination are explored through the contemporary memoir of Anh Do, which focuses on a refugee’s journey from Vietnam to Australia. The Happiest Refugee methodically displays an array of perspectives surrounding belonging, and presents factors of both family and community allegiance.

“It was the last time I would see them for 14 years.” Uong, who is a Vietnamese refugee, fled his home at the age of 10—being separated from his family for 14 years (Uong). Being a refugee is rough as it requires one to leave his home country and to start a new life in a completely different world. According to Yen Le Espiritu, a "refugee" is described as a person who harbors "a well-founded fear of being persecuted for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group or political opinion" (Espiritu 209). There are many variations of refugee groups as countless minority groups have left their homeland due to reasons such as persecution. Cambodian Refugees and Vietnamese Refugees are both minority groups in the United States today whom have fled their homeland to escape communism and persecution. These groups have suffered many conflicts and overcome many obstacles in order to rid themselves of persecution and in order to gain the freedom that all humans should possess. Although Cambodian Refugees and Vietnamese Refugees are two different groups, they possess both similarities and differences. Cambodian Refugees and Vietnamese Refugees share differences when it pertains to the topic of war, when it pertains to the topic of hardships faced while fleeing one’s homeland and to the topic of adjusting to life in America—while also sharing similarities when it pertains to adjusting to life in America.

A 2014 U.S. National Research Council reports discovered that in 2012, around one-fourth of the world's whole detained populace was housed in the United States. On a normal, 1 in every 100 Americans are in detainment facilities (Freudenberg, Daniels, Crum, Perkins, & Richie, 2005). One correctional facility practice has come under contemplation in recent years because of the separation of prisoners into special management for the purposes of severe punishment. It is commonly known as solitary confinement, segregation, isolation, and special management. This practice frequently involves sending prisoners in small, confined (precisely a box) for months, or even years. Long-haul detainment as an option apparently is more sympathetic sentence for detainees who have carried out terrible wrongdoings, and may not be considerably more caring than capital punishment. Turns out that keeping prisoners imprisoned in isolation for long-haul sentences can have genuinely harmful impacts on prisoners.

The “pains of imprisonment” can be divided into five main conditions that attack the inmate’s personality and his feeling of self-worth. The deprivations are as follows: The deprivation of liberty, of goods and services, of heterosexual relationships, autonomy and of security.

In the past prisoners, both male and females, were simply treated as slaves of the state. Wardens had the freedom and discretion to maintain prisons as they wanted. This meant there was no outside interference. That definition for prisoners was derived in the case Ruffin v. Commonwealth (1871). The Supreme Court decided that forfeiting liberties and personal rights were consequences of the crime committed. Prisoners were viewed as slaves. In addition, losing citizenship rights meant losing the ability to complain about living conditions (Peak, 2010). Women and men were subjected to horrible prison conditions in which the living conditions were fifthly, overcrowded and harsh. Often times they were beaten and sexual abused by male

Imprisonment is described as being confined without an escape, whether that be metaphorically or physically. Imprisonment is something anyone can experience. It can have many different background causes. This is a recurring theme in Harper Lee’s To Kill a Mockingbird.

Prison is an important place, because it takes away the power from individuals. This means that the criminal is no longer acting upon his will, but that of the officers, judge, guards, etc. “They are the foundation of society, and an element in its equilibrium.” (215) All the techniques, when created, they “attained a level at which formation of knowledge and the increase of power regularly reinforce the other.” (216)

Walls, chains, bars, and doors lock behind me as the guard walks away with the key to my freedom. This cold, dreary, isolated, dark place that I speak of is prison. Prison is defined as a state of confinement or captivity, jail; a place where people who have been convicted are sentence or awaiting trial.

Prisons and jails are both referred to as incarcerations. A prison is where people get physically confined and lack personal freedom, and also those awaiting trails and those serving a term exceeding one year are confined here, while a jail is where inmates are housed prior to their trials on local level and those serving a term of one year or less. The society is protected from the offenders by them being confined in prisons, where their behaviors can be monitored, or they can be placed in community-based facilities which are secured and also offer an opportunity for the prisoners to acquire skills and knowledge through work related activities. The jail on the other hand serves the purpose of detaining law offenders of which they shall

According to the UN, Rohingya Muslims are one of the most persecuted minorities in the world. Due to clashes/conflicts between militant Muslims and Buddhists and poor economic conditions within Burma, many have fled the country, especially Rohingya Muslims primarily situated/centred around the conflict zones. Neighboring Thailand acts as an idealized “sanctuary” for the displaced refugees, though in reality even further abuse and exploitation occurs over the border due to the incompatibility of these stateless individuals with strict immigration and border policies. These offer neither protection nor social services for economically and socially disadvantaged migrants (talk about NGOs?). As a result, underhanded human trafficking and