Purpose
The purpose of the experiment was to observe limiting reactants by using a specific amount of one reagent and a fluctuating amount of another reagent used in a chemical reaction. A graph will be made which will compare the moles of hydrogen gas produced versus the moles of the reagent being varied. The experimental value and the theoretical value will then be compared in order to see how successful the experiment was.
Introduction
Stoichiometry involves converting chemical formulas and equations that represent individual atoms, molecules, and formula units to the laboratory scale that uses milligrams, grams, and kilograms, of these substances (1). A limiting reactant is the reactant in a reaction that has been completely consumed. It is referred to as a limiting reactant because it limits the degree to which the experiment can happen. In a chemical reaction, it is common to use an excess of one reagent to ensure that the limiting reactant is transmitted out to the end. In order to figure out the yield of a reaction one must find out the limiting reactant. The limiting reactant is the one that will dictate or limit the maximum amount of product that can be produced within the reaction this is also known as the theoretical yield. In order to determine whether or not the experiment was successful one must obtain the percent yield. This can be found by using a ratio between the experimental yield divided by the theoretical yield, this number is then
Theoretical Yield: The amount of the product obtained when all of the limiting reagent react.
8.When the reaction is completed, record the volume of gas in the graduated cylinder. Record observations about which reactant was the limiting reactant.
The purpose of this experiment is to distinguish the relationships between reactants and products, in addition to expanding on concepts such as single displacement reactions, mole ratio values, moles to mass, theoretical yields, limiting reactants, excess, stoichiometric relationships and percentage errors.
The experiment is to observe a variety of chemical reactions and to identify patterns in
This lab was about the Effect of Reactant Combinations on Temperature Change. It investigated both endothermic and exothermic reactions. The temperature was measured in degrees Celsius and the time was measured in minutes. The tool used during the lab was a LabQuest with a digital temperature probe. The LabQuest created a visual graph of the change in temperature and collected data. The digital temperature probe attached to the LabQuest monitored the temperature of the substance as it changed.
Week #1 of Open Discovery determined how that change of temperature of the reaction mixture affected the production of oxygen gas. During the experiment, a plastic container was filled with 400mL of tap water while an end of a rubber tube was inserted into a graduated cylinder that was completely filled with tap water. By carefully inverting the graduated cylinder into the plastic container, notation of the meniscus level was constantly read. The experimental protocol consisted of adding 120 mL of DI water, 20 mL of Hydrogen Peroxide, and 10mL of Yeast. All were added into an Erlenmeyer flask that was connected to the rubber tubing. The meniscus level was read every 15 seconds for 2 minutes as the Erlenmeyer flask was carefully shaken. A problem
Stoichiometry is a method scientists use to presume how two or more substances will react together. In order to do so successfully, the reactants are positioned on the left and the products on the right. The most important part of successfully
The same goes for chemical reactions. In chemical reactions, the reactants are not always present in amounts equal to their mole ratios. Determining the limiting is more complicated for difficult problems, first determine the number of moles of each reactant, then use the mole ratios to determine how much of the other reactants would be needed by each reactant. Whichever reactant runs out first will be the limiting reactant and should be used to determine amounts of product
In this lab, we will create a chemical reaction between the reactants oxygen (O2) and magnesium (Mg) using combustion. The product will be magnesium oxide (MgO). In this lab we will record the masses of reactants and products to perform stoichiometry of the chemical equation Mg + O2 -> MgO. The actual yield of product will differ from the theoretical yield based on how the experiment is performed. The independent variable is the product amounts and the dependent variable is the percent yield.
Stoichiometric amount is the amount of reactants and products used in a balanced chemical equation. For example, 1 slice of cheese + 2 slices of bread ⟶ 1 sandwich the ingredients, bread and cheese, are the stoichiometric amount with the ratio 2:1. So say you have 28 slices of bread and only 11 slices of cheese you can only make 11 sandwiches and have 6 slices of bread left over. This circumstance displays how cheese slices are the limiting factor and the bread slices are the excess. Another example, H2 (s) + Cl2 (g) ⟶ 2HCl(g) reacts in a 1:1 stoichiometric ratio. How to recognize the limiting and excess reactants you have to calculate the molar amount of each reactant given and compare them to the stoichiometric amounts chown in the balanced equation.
The method of continuous variation is able to be used in order to determine the mole ratio of reactants in a chemical reaction. This is done by measuring the change in temperature. Due to the reaction producing heat (exothermic) and the total volume of the solutions being kept constant for all measurements, the heat produced is proportional to the amount of reaction that occurs as well to the extent that the reaction occurs. This then helps to find the greatest amount of reactants consumed and the greatest amount of product formed which ultimately identifies the optimum ratio of the two reactants.
While reading through I came across this in the article: "Many politicians and others in the public office do not consider dihydrogen minoxide to be a politically beneficial cause to get behind so the public suffers the lack of reliable information..." If diydrogen minoxide was so "dangerous" don't you think it would be more open to the public and everyone would know about it? It amuses me because if it is in baby food and other food and drinks wouldn't it be all over the news and make people take precautions not to buy them? If that were the cause wouldn't people be severely sick or even dead by now? We would be aware of all of this and take some sort of action to protect everyone's health and safety. At the beginning was starting t get
The project involves one’s knowing on whether or not the amount reactants can affect the actual reaction itself. The project is conducted by getting two reactants in one’s case lemon and baking soda, vinegar and baking soda, and rubbing alcohol and baking soda. Then one puts 3-4 different amounts of each liquid substance but not changing the amount of the amount of the solid substance. In this experiment the measurements for the liquids are 20mL, 40mL, 60mL, 80mL, and 100mL(normally applied by measuring the substances in a graduated cylinder).These are put into into 5 distinctive bottles that are the same size and stature. Then by measuring the amount of the solid(in one’s case the baking soda) to 50 grams of it. Once one has measure the amount of the solid one should put the 50 grams of the baking soda inside of balloons then cover the bottles filled with the amount of liquid with the balloon filled with baking soda.
Aim: The aim of the lab “Chemical Equilibrium” is to observe the effects of changes in concentrations of products and reactants on the position of the equilibrium of given chemical reactions.
A chemical reaction is when substances (reactants) change into other substances (products). The five general types of chemical reactions are synthesis (also known as direct combination), decomposition, single replacement (also known as single displacement), double replacement (also known as double displacement), and combustion. In this lab, the five general types of chemical reactions were conducted and observations were taken before, during, and after the reaction. Then the reactants and observations were used to determine the products to form a balanced chemical equation. The purpose of this lab was to learn and answer the question: How can observations be used to determine the identity of substances produced in a chemical reaction?