The Theories of Health Promotion

Health promotion utilises theories and models to guide practice. A theory is the general principles of a framework of ideas in regards to a particular topic. (Merriam-webster.com, 2016) A model is a set plan of action based on theoretical ideas to achieve a set goal. (Merriam-webster.com, 2016)

The aim of this case based study, is to Promote Health and behaviour changes within the work place,

The Medicaid program is a federal health insurance program for the under-privileged and incapacitated. The plan is managed by states within comprehensive limits instituted by the federal government. Together the federal and state governments finance the program, with the federal share ranging from 50 percent to 74 percent. Now Medicaid currently makes up 7 percent of the federal budget and 23.7 percent of all state expenses. Approximately sixty million people are enrolled in the Medicaid program and 400 million is spent annually.

Medicaid financing has become an increasing issue for most states throughout the years. The Government Accountability Office (2010) reported that forty-seven of the states as well as the District of Columbia had concerns regarding the sustainability of their program. Around 16% of the state budgets go towards Medicaid each year, totaling around $183 billion (Center on Budget and Policy Priorities, 2015). A significant share of vulnerable populations relies on Medicaid for medical coverage. Rocco, Gellad, & Donohue (2015) estimated that of the

Medicaid is the U.S. government’s health insurance program, that furnishes health care coverage to more than 74.7 million eligible adults and children in the country ("Medicaid Enrollees," 2017), with over $553.4 billion reported total health care spending for the fiscal year of 2016 ("Medicaid Spending," 2016). As the number of eligible Medicaid enrollees grows, the amount of health care spending is presumed to accelerate. The 2016-2025 National Health Expenditure Projections showed a 5.6% per year increase in the United States’ national health expenses and a per capita growth of 4.7% per year. However, compared to 2015’s 9.7% Medicaid spending, the projected drop of 6.1% on 2016 is primarily due to the earlier year’s large influx of

Health Promotion is a fundamental practise in ensuring optimum population health. In this essay I will be discussing the ‘settings’ based approach (SBA) of Health Promotion (HP) as a process for achieving sustainable improvements in health outcomes. I will discuss the strengths and weaknesses of the approach in relation to key movements which demonstrate the method in action.

Equality in everything, including health issues, has to be the main feature of the modern world. National health programs of the US operate to ensure adequate and timely treatment of all citizens. Nevertheless, health indicators of some racial and ethnic groups are significantly worse than of the white Americans. It applies to the Hispanic Americans and significantly affects their lives. The current health status of this minority is far from satisfactory and needs improvements through existing programs and the development of new approaches to address

The PPACA also took steps to reform the Medicare System. Medicaid will be broadened to offer coverage to those families making up to 133% of the poverty line (Jacobson, 2011). It also phases out the Medicaid “doughnut hole” in the next few years. The “doughnut hole” is the gap in prescription drug coverage that the Medicare Part D Prescription Drug Program had in place. Seniors had to pay 100% of the costs of prescription drugs that were over $2250 but less than $4550 in annual costs. Under the new provisions these costs would be covered by 2019 (Jacobson, 2011).

One behavior that I would like to improve for myself is increasing my daily physical activity level. I chose to utilize the Revised Health Promotion Model (HPM) to address this behavior. Upon reviewing the various models and theories in chapter three of the textbook, the revised Health Promotion model stood out to me and I felt many aspects of the model are perfect to address the behavior I selected to change. The three main components of the model focus on the individual characteristics and experiences, behavior-specific cognition and affect, and the behavioral outcome (Pender et al., 2011). All of these components are essential when planning and intervening to change a behavior. The text states “Research indicates that often the best predictor of behavior is the frequency of the same or similar behavior in the past. Prior behavior is posed to have both direct and indirect

The normal oral health education we get from home is neither effective nor proving to be making a much more needed result. Very often oral health initiatives are implemented as stand alone and as such miss out the benefits from other health programmes. As a consequence best intended actions are wasted and/or duplicated and at worst the wrong signals set out for public consumption. Oral health programmes should be a multifaceted approach rather than aiming at individual changes in practices and behaviour but should indeed take on board the broader aspects of determinants of health. The socioeconomic factors greatly influence general health as we know. Taking a leaf from established the principles of promoting health; this essay will seek to focus on different perspectives of oral health promotion and policy. The approach this essay will take to address the oral health will be inline with the well known risk factors associated with chronic illnesses in the wider sphere of the social environment .There are several determinants of oral health ranging from smoking, hygiene, use of alcohol, poor diet and trauma including stress. Since these aggravating

“Health is defined as a state of physical, mental and social well being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity” (WHO). Like wise health promotion is the process of increasing the functional capacity of all people hence promote the sense of well-being. In order to accomplish this goal all health care professionals have to work hard by submitting themselves to their patients and community as a whole. Thus globalize health promotion should be the ultimate mission for all health care team, especially for nurses. Nurses are the first level health care team therefore nurses should play as a role model to all human beings. They should hold various positions in order to achieve optimum results. In this evolving health industry

Creating a health promotion, presentation, personally, I underestimated the stages required to develop this program. Selecting the topic and gathering the information was, this agenda was an effortless factor. Although, as nurses we’re constantly educating our clients with the resource at hand; however, to compel and motivate your own promotion is complicated. One goal for this project was to make sure that it was “not difficult to read and in the simplest form and easy to hear” (Miller,2016). Forming my objective that could be measured was a struggle. Creating a PowerPoint, was interesting, I did enjoy pulling it all together. Using the formula for Fryer Calculation to test the reading level was brilliant. I can say personally, I will

Any health promotion initiative that addresses and acknowledges the influence of a person’s environment will have an increased chance of success. If a local council improves the lighting and security of the local bicycle track, it will allow safety for the public and provide alternative routes to other locations of the area. It will increase the chance of the track being used by people either in the early hours of the morning or later in the evening. Eventually, this action will be able to increase level of availability and will ultimately encourage members of the community to use the track and therefore improve their physical tness. This is how a community can assume some responsibility for promoting health.

In New Zealand, Health Promotion is a discipline and a practice. Generic health promotion encompassing all cultures focuses on empowering individuals and communities to find a balanced life and a sense of wellbeing by taking control of their own health and by taking action in the community to promote and improve healthy lifestyles (Health Promotion Forum of New Zealand, 2014). Māori Health Promotion shares the same defining characteristics as health promotion however the underlying rationale of Māori health promotion is influenced specifically by Māori values and perspectives (Ratima, 2001). Māori health promotion is an important topic to discuss due to the inequalities in health between Māori and non-Māori. This essay will examine historical issues and legislation that relate to both Māori health gain and decline, along with an in-depth analysis of the role and relevance of the Treaty of Waitangi, in relation to Māori Health Promotion, and lastly a discussion about current Māori Health Promotion theory, and its importance on Māori development.

These actions to do not work to improve the health status of the patient, and simply perpetuate the overprescribing of drugs based on market appeal.