Written about 300 years apart, The Tempest, a play, by William Shakespeare and Inferno, a poem, by Dante, both highlight the topic of justice. Being from different time periods and composing stories of different genres, having different definitions of justice. Justice in The Tempest is Prospero, the protagonist who is stranded on an island, returning to Milan and reclaiming his rightful dukedom. Justice in Inferno is divine, with God’s creation of nine levels of Hell with individualized punishments for sinners. In both texts, Shakespeare and Dante similarly prove that justice is hypocritical and selfish with three components: their motives in writing the stories, the cruel actions taken to bring about justice, and the desired balances that the justice creates. These three overarching characteristics, however, vary in the content of the actions, the balances, and the motives.
The authors’ motives for writing contrast. Dante Alighieri wrote Inferno while wandering, having been exiled from Italy. In writing Inferno as one of the three parts in the Divine Comedy, he was channeling his loss of hope and feelings of injustice in the world. He writes, “Midway on our life’s journey, I found myself/In dark woods, the right road lost. To tell/About those woods is hard—so tangled and rough/And savage that thinking of it now, I feel/the old fear stirring: death is hardly more bitter.” Dante wants people to see the injustices done to him in the world, feel his pain, and experience the
Dante’s purpose for writing Inferno is to warn humanity about all of the sins they commit and the effect that they will eventually have. Contrapasso contributes to Dante’s purpose because it helps portray Dante’s view on the ethics of various sins. This helps the reader to reflect on the cultural and political state of Italy at the time. God renders justice through imagery and power in Dante’s Inferno. Dante’s major theme in Inferno is the perfection of God’s justice. God’s justice moved Him to create Hell, “The inscription above this gate--ending with the famous warning to "abandon all hope"-- establishes Dante's hell as a creation not of evil and the devil but rather of his Christian God, here expressed in terms of the Trinity: Father (Divine Power), Son (Highest Wisdom), and Holy Spirit (Primal Love).” (Dante’s World), In Dante’s world, Hell is the holding pen for all sinners. However, all sins are not equal in the eyes of God. Early in Inferno, the relationship between God’s justice
In Césaire’s A Tempest one of the main characters, Prospero, decides to remain on the island with Caliban and live out the rest of his life there. He remains there because he thinks the island needs him to be its ruler. As time continues, we see the deterioration of his mind and body. He becomes feeble and weak. He appears to see opossums overrunning the island and he attacks them to "protect civilization". Prospero seems to be hallucinating, and because of this can be seen as a crazy old man who has reached the end of his life. However, in this paper, I will argue that the opossums and other things he experiences aren’t just hallucinations he creates from being in a weakened state, but actually the realization of what he 's done in the
Shakespeare's The Tempest and Dante's Inferno both exhibit supernatural situations in both pieces of literature by utilizing "different practices." It is clear from reading both pieces that the supernatural used was different because each reading explored different worlds of the paranormal. Dialogue played a great role with introducing the supernatural. This dialogue along with the symbols and metaphors clearly showed the mystic side. For instance, In Inferno, Dante the character is struggling between the supernatural forces of good and evil, which are the theme of the story. In the Tempest, It was believed that The Tempest was thought to be one of the last dramatic plays by Shakespeare, nonetheless it has been lately said to be influenced by supernatural. Later it was described as a comedy with mystical characteristics. With that said the supernatural can be classified in The Tempest and Dante's Inferno in many ways.
The most recent version of The Tempest by Julie Taymor changes Prospero to “Prospera,” a female figure played by Helen Mirren. Consider both 17th-century gender issues and more recent ones in examination of the play’s discussions about virginity, marriage and femininity.
In Tempest, Caliban and Prospero are of contradictory natures. Their characteristics are notably different as well as other characters have different opinions and attitudes to them. However, both of them have the same master and savior Prospero.
The theme of equilibrium between reason and faith is one of the core messages of Inferno and it is essential in conveying the main idea of the Divine Comedy and of the pilgrim’s journey that the exploitation of intellect and the misuse of will is the cause of sin, and that through faith, those who are morally lost find their salvation in God. In Inferno Dante makes it clear that he greatly values knowledge and reason in a way that is more characteristic to the Renaissance rather than of his own Medieval time. However, throughout this first book, the author reminds the audience of the Christian nature of his poem as he uses the stories of the sinners he encounters to stress the idea that without faith, the intellect is not sufficient to achieve divine salvation and that the misuse of reason can often lead to terrible sins.
William Shakespeare’s play, The Tragedy of Othello: The Moor of Venice presents a man who is undone by his own insecurities, as well as strong female characters who lead to the downfall of the men. The character of Othello allows others to control how he feels and this leads to a tragedy that could have been prevented. The source of this tragedy comes from within himself. His character is completely wrapped up in his wife Desdemona’s character and interestingly enough, as soon as her character starts to decline from the words of Iago, so does Othello’s. Unable to stand on his own, Othello is more concerned with outwardly appearances than Desdemona. He puts more pressure on her, than he does himself in regards to his character and how he
In Dante Alighieri's The Inferno, the themes of justice and eternity are interwoven throughout Dante's journey. As he wrestles with questions of pity, grace, and forgiveness, readers do the same. With each encounter with sinners, views of justice and God's mercy are questioned. Dante's Hell judged people in terms of their actions, not their hearts. Just because they had affairs or were hypocritical, they were sent to Hell.
In Shakespeare’s The Tempest, Caliban is the primitive monster who belongs to the bottom of the power hierarchy on the island claimed by Prospero. Caliban, the original inhabitant of the island, unwillingly becomes Prospero’s slave as he uses magic to take control of the island. Prospero sees Caliban as the savage and monster who does not acknowledge the order of civilization despite his efforts to educate him. Caliban appears as an inferior and beast-like figure from nature in the eyes of the civilized people in the play, yet his language and behavior throughout the play suggests that he maintains human emotions and adequate understanding of the civilized world, which challenges the European characters of placing him at the bottom of the island’s social structure.
Shakespeare’s King Lear and Dante’s inferno touch on several major points that was important in the past but is still just as important in today's society. Although they differ in nature they both have the same understanding and perspective when it comes to human suffering. Suffering is inevitable because we are subject to the human condition therefore almost making it impossible to make the right choices. Shakespeare and Dante agree that the reason for suffering is a result of making wrongful decisions due to the human conditions of imperfection, both assertions speak truth about the human condition however inferno transmits an aspect of hope that king Lear does not.
William Shakespeare uses many literary devices to enhance and provide greater complexity in his works. More specifically, the theme, symbolism, and dramatic irony are used to enrich Shakespeare’s The Tragedy of Othello. The plot is definitely engaging but the theme allows for an universal human correspondence, furthering the depth of the author’s message. The element of symbolism contributes to the theme of Shakespeare’s tragedy. Symbolism expresses elaborate concepts, which further intrigues the readers. Another literary tool Shakespeare uses to enrich his piece is dramatic irony. The powerful device of dramatic irony is intended to maintain the audience 's interest by establishing a
You can see that the Inferno was influenced by Augustine and Virgil, they are noticeable throughout Dante’s Poem. As an example in the beginning of Inferno Dante is overcome with despair and struggles. In the forest of darkness where Virgil finds Dante and their journey begins. This scene is influenced by the description Augustine gives about being lost spiritually during his early years, when he gave in to the temptations before him, lived in misery and turned away from God. Another similarity between Augustine and Dante was the journey Augustine’s soul took becoming close to God. The trip Dante's took through Hell is figurative and literal. Whereas Augustine’s in more metaphorical than is it physical. Even though the way that the achieved their objective was different, both of them, in the end, were looking to being close with
Justice is the pursuit of righteousness and moral good standing within an individual or a group. Shakespeare, however, gives new perspective to this idea of justice in his work, The Tempest. Shakespeare critiques justice and portrays it in way in which justice is defined as the rule of the majority, and governed by the person with most power. Through the actions of the main character, Prospero; this new viewpoint of both justice and mercy emerges.
Dante Alighieri must have been an extremely strict and lecture-loving parent. In the first part of his collection, The Inferno, Alighieri filled his story with subliminal messages within the text to teach a greater lesson to the reader. Dante Alighieri purposefully chooses specific moments to express humankind’s weakness and how human reason can positively influence people to react in the correct manner in the eyes of God. Through the interaction of two of his main characters, Dante, who represents mortality; and Virgil, who symbolizes sensibility; Alighieri is able to provide insight and guidance to the character of Dante in the story and more significantly, to the people reading it. Within this passage, Dante projects a common human quality of wanting to give up in the face of struggle. As Dante becomes too tired from escaping from his journey into the 7th Bolgia and begs Virgil to stop and rest for a minute, Virgil strictly chastises Dante that if he ever wants to achieve fame in his life, he must never give up his goals. In such a simple situation lies a grander message. Here, Dante represents the limitations of humans in the form of his exhaustion and Virgil’s response of both sternness and compassion reflects the logic and the understanding qualities of human reason. In The Inferno, Dante Alighieri uses the physical relationship between Dante and Virgil to illustrate the allegorical connection showing how human reason directly guides the decisions of the flawed human
The Tempest is a play which by William Shakespeare thought by many critics to be the last play that he wrote by himself. The setting of the play is on a remote island where Prospero the sorcerer and also the legitimate Duke of Milan, plans to return his daughter Miranda to her rightful status, he uses magic and skillful manipulations to achieve this. He magically creates a storm that makes his rival brother Antonio and Alonso the King of Naples be shipwrecked and marooned on his island. On the island, Prospero uses his talents to reveal Antonio’s lowly character and vindicate the king. The main moral lessons from the poem are forgiveness and absolution but there are many other lessons we can learn from The Tempest. This paper explains how The Tempest leads us to a creative perspective of the modern world by tackling issues of colonialism, power, and forgiveness. Basically, is the humanity and society in the world today.