The Segregation Of The United States

In 1892, the Plessy v. Ferguson case had emerged from a conflict from Louisiana’s Separate Car Act. The law required that railroads have “separate but equal accommodations,” prohibiting African American and White passengers from entering besides the one they were assigned to based on race. Homer Plessy, a seven-eighths White and one-eighth African American bought a rail travel ticket in Louisiana for the White car and took a seat. He was later told to move to the African American car, after refusing to move he was arrested and charged for not complying with the Separate Car Act.

Plessy V. Ferguson was a court case that took place in 1896 in New Orleans. This case was held due to an incident in which African American train passenger Homer Plessy refused to sit in a Jim Crow Car where at the time in Louisiana, all colored people had to by law, which required separation of both whites and colored people. This action resulted in Plessy’s arrest in 1890. Even though Plessy argued that this violated his constitutional rights, the court ruled that a state law that “states merely a legal distinction “between those that are white and colored did not conflict with the 13th and 14th amendments. Restrictive legislation bases on race continued following the Plessy decision, its reasoning was not overturned until Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka in 1954.

The Plessy v Ferguson case was a U.S. Supreme Case in 1896 that upheld the constitution of segregation. This case started when Homer Plessy refused to sit in a Jim Crow Car therefore breaking a law in Louisiana in the year 1892. He had bought a first class ticket and then took his seat in a white-only car. Homer Plessy was arrested and imprisoned immediately. In the court Plessy argued that his Constitutional rights were violated, and he filed a petition against John H. Ferguson. Plessy argued that the segregation law violated the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth and Thirteenth amendment. The Fourteenth Amendment keeps states from denying equal protection of the laws to every person and the Thirteenth Amendment banned slavery. The court denied Plessy’s petition and said that the Thirteenth Amendment only had to deal with slavery and nothing else.

For much of the ninety years preceding the Brown case, race relations in the U.S. had been dominated by racial segregation. This policy had been endorsed in 1896 by the United States Supreme Court case of Plessy v. Ferguson, which held that as long as the separate facilities for the separate races were "equal," segregation did not violate the Fourteenth Amendment ("no State shall... deny to any person... the equal protection of the laws.")

In June of 1896 the Plessy v. Ferguson set the precedent for separate but equal. Homer Plessy an African American, who was a passenger in a train, did not sit in a Jim Crow car. This was a clear violation of the Louisiana law because he had not sat in the designated area of the train. Although, Homer Plessy said that his rights were being violated and it was unconstitutional to make him sit in a Jim Crow car. Homer Plessy’s case was seen by John H. Ferguson, an American lawyer and an American judge from Louisiana, the courts ruled,”... that a state law that “implies merely a legal distinction” between whites and blacks did not conflict with the 13th and14th amendments”(Plessy v. Ferguson). The court tried to avert talk of the 14 amendment, which allows citizens

There was no clarification on what race would be considered white or what would be considered black. During this incident, “Homer Plessy, who was seven-eighths white and one-eighth African American, purchased a rail ticket for travel within Louisiana and took a seat in a car reserved for white passengers. (The state Supreme Court had ruled earlier that the law could not be applied to interstate travel.) After refusing to move to a car for African Americans, he was arrested and charged with violating the Separate Car Act.”(Duignan 2017). Judge Ferguson ruled that the separation was fair and did not violate the fourteenth amendment. The state Supreme Court also backed up this decision. The case was brought to the Supreme Court and "The law was challenged in the Supreme Court on grounds that it conflicted with the 13th and 14th Amendments. By a 7-1 vote, the Court said that a state law that “implies merely a legal distinction” between the two races did not conflict with the 13th Amendment forbidding involuntary servitude, nor did it tend to reestablish such a condition." (History.com Staff 2009). This decision set the key precedent of Separate but Equal in the United States. Racial segregation kept growing.

Ferguson( 1896); one of the most well known civil right cases regarding " equal but separate laws" in relation to public seating. In 1896 Homer Plessy an African American was denied the right to be seated in a white only section. The Supreme court denied Congress the authority to prevent unequal privileges to restraints and inns. Following this statement, the Supreme Court upheld a Louisiana state law that allowed for, "equal but separate accommodations for the white and colored races" ( Supreme Court ). Consequently, transportation segregation was not unconstitutional but, “implies merely a legal distinction” (John A. Garraty). Nonetheless segregation in America was then more acceptable than before. Plessy vs. Ferguson, Judgement, Decided May 18, 1896; Records of the Supreme Court of the United States; Record Group 267; Plessy v. Ferguson, 163, #15248, National

At the time of the African-American Civil Rights movement, segregation was abundant in all aspects of life. Separation, it seemed, was the new motto for all of America. But change was coming. In order to create a nation of true equality, segregation had to be eradicated throughout all of America. Although most people tend to think that it was only well-known, and popular figureheads such as Martin Luther King Junior or Rosa Parks, who were the sole launchers of the African-American Civil Rights movement, it is the rights and responsibilities involved in the 1954 Brown v. Board of Education decision which have most greatly impacted the world we live in today, based upon how desegregation and busing plans have affected our public school

Equality was once a repulsive concept within America, today it seems to be a foregone conclusion. Indeed, we have made so many strides in the way that we view race that it seems a gross misstep every time that it needs to be addressed. Even our President, an African American who overcame tremendous odds to rise to the highest office does not have the answers to our issues with race, rather he calls on us all to “ask some tough questions about how we can permit so many of our children to languish in poverty, or attend dilapidated schools, or grow up without prospects for a job or for a career.” For most, these questions point to sources outside of themselves, but perhaps there a bit of introspection is the answer. Systematic segregation can

The redlining practices of the Federal Government established economic segregation in San Antonio. Denying minorities access to federally backed home loans put them at an economic disadvantage when it comes to accumulating wealth. This also creates a cycle of poverty and crime in those neighborhoods.

After further research on each parts of the reconstruction, I have concluded that the African Americans did not reach full citizenship for many reasons, but three stood out: Black codes, Sharecropping and Poll taxes. First of all, the Black codes served three purposes and most codes called for the segregation of blacks and whites in public places. The purposes were to limit the rights of freedmen, help planters find workers to replace their slaves and to keep freedmen at the bottom of the social order in the South. Although this helped them on their way it also tore them down. Segregation came with the codes, Black kids had no public school to go to, African Americans right to vote or serve on juries was denied, and work was scarce. Therefore

Plessy v. Ferguson in 1896 was an U.S. Supreme Court case supported segregation under the “separate but equal” policy. It came from an 1892 incident in which an African-American train passenger, Homer Plessy, refused to sit in a Jim Crow car. At the time this was a Louisiana law he was breaking. Dismissing Plessy’s argument that his constitutional rights were violated, the Court came to the conclusion that a state law that “implies merely a legal distinction” between whites and blacks did not clash with the 13th and14th

World War ll was a tragic and devastating time for citizens of their country all around all the world. Racism and segregation spread everywhere like a disease. There were over millions of casualties by then end the war.One event was sending all Japanese Americans to internment camps because of the bombing attack of Pearl Harbor. The most tragic event of all time within World War ll was the Holocaust. This is where the Nazis kept all Jews in Germany stuck in concentration camps all over their nation and killed over 6 millions Jews in total. Although World War ll was depressing, there are lessons that we can out from it.

Just fifty years ago, America was a society of segregation and racism. The dictionary defines racism as “the belief that a particular race is superior to another.” Although it is clear times have changed, racism is still seen in modern american society. It’s also clear that relationships between African Americans and whites are generally better than they were in the forties and fifties. Today, it is rare to witness a black man walk down the street and step off the sidewalk to let a white man walk by, or to see a black man sitting on a different section of the bus or train because a white man told him he has too. But superiority of races is still happening. A lot of this has the do with the ignorance of others. Passed down generation to

In the 1960’s, black and white individuals were not recognized as being equal. The two races were treated differently, and the African Americans did not enjoy the same freedoms as the whites. The African Americans never had a chance to speak their mind, voice their opinions, or enjoy the same luxuries that the white people attained. Through various actions/efforts like the lunch counter sit-ins, freedom rides, and bus boycotts, the black people confronted segregation face on and worked to achieve equality and freedom.