I. THE REALLY OPERATIONAL SITUATIONS OF THE MULTINATIONAL COMPANY’S SUBSIDIARY IN CHINA THROUGH JOINT VENTURE WITH CHINESE COMPANY. 1 The concept :
a. The multinational company:
A multinational company or Multinational corporation (MNC), multinational enterprise (MNE) is a corporation that is registered in more than one country or that has operations in more than one country. It is a large corporation which both produces and sells goods or services in various countries. It can also be referred to as an international corporation.
b. The joint venture based on the Chinese law:
A JV arises when a Chinese investor and a foreign investor own equity interest in the same Chinese limited liability
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Image 5: Sales by all foreign affiates of US MNCs
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Source: : US Bureau of Economic Analysis, U.S. Direct Investment Abroad: Financial and Operating Data for U.S. Multinational Companies in 2009.
• The minimum wages of the emplyee .
China’s ageing population makes labour cost increase . Additionally, wage inflation also cause more difficulty for companies, which are operating China. That is especially true for the consumer goods sector where China’s once cheap-labour offered a major cost advantage.
Image 6: The minimum wages in China, Bangladesh, Vietnam, Indonesia, in the period 2005 – 2011 (Unit: USD per month, base on 2011 exchange rate)
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Source: China’s National Bureau of Statistics; Indonesia’s Government Statistical Service; American Chamber of Commerce Vietnam; JETRO
• Export manufacture:
China exports manufacture almost as much as the rest of emerging Asia combined (USD1,900 billion versus USD2,000 billion annually) and twelve times that of North Africa. The advantageous point of China is some of China’s largest container ports also have vastly more capacity than entire countries, such as India or Vietnam.
Image 7: China’s exports versus the world in 2011
(Unit : USD bn)
The precise structure of inactive investment in a foreign nation depends largely on the treatment of the structure under the tax laws of the host country and the U.S.
According to the case we know that labor costs in china may have a big increase in the next 10 years, from 40% totally to 10% annual increase to even 40% annual increase.
Second, China is facing strong competition in low-end manufacturing, like Mexico, Cambodia, Laos, India and Vietnam. Asian countries like Cambodia, Laos, India and Vietnam have a lower living cost than China and Mexico has geographical advantage since it is closer to America. And fast-paced inflation, the increasing cost of raw materials, the rise of wages and other costs have pushed China to a less competitive position.
The Chinese are an emerging economy that has taken over the world's production in recent years. In fact China is now considered to be the world's factory, as all the major players in the world outsource all or some of their manufacturing activities to the country. All this would not have been possible without the help of technology and with the state of globalization being such, that logistics and distances are becoming shorter and shorter.
In terms of geographical breakdown of exports, China's major trading partner is Asia accounting for around 51 per cent followed by USA 22 per cent and Europe per cent.
The main advantage of doing business in China is the fact that China has emerged as one of the world’s strongest economic forces, driven by the shear number of
China’s production cost are dramatically lower because of less strict regulations, but also because of a larger population that all need to be employed.
Multinational Enterprises usually find creating synergy across countries difficult. However a few companies have been quick to gain competitive advantages by developing a joint strategy. MNEs that fail to do this will lose their competitive advantage in China, India and globally. GE and Microsoft are examples of two companies that have effectively combined their China and India
Multinational corporations is an organization that doing business activities and operating in two or more countries. In the next explanation, multinational corporations will be called as MNCs. Home country is where the MNCs is coming from. Host country is a country where the MNCs operates outside the country where it is based.
their China subsidiaries. In the first stage, the model proposes factors affecting the extent of knowledge contributed by an MNC
Specifically, it is extending the firms unit network and also it is using as a strategic "weapon" for competing in the company's target markets and technologies (Harrigan 1987). At this point, it is worth mentioned that JVs is the main way for a firm to enter in a foreign development country (Vaupel and Curhan 1973). Recent research has illustrated that Multinational Enterprise (MNE) usually choose JV’s over wholly owned subsidiaries (Beamish 1984) and also that it applies this particular entry mode in Less Developed Countries (Geringer and Hebert 1991). Moreover, JV probably is established when the firm wanted to transfer knowledge that is governmentally entrenched and difficult to transfer by licensing (Kogut 1988). Finally, it could be said that IJV is an alternative from wholly - owned subsidiaries and it is used as a way to compete in both multi-local and international markets (Porter & Fuller 1986; Harrigan 1988). On the other hand, the existence of two or more members may cause difficulties in controlling, managing and in the performance of MNEs (Drucker 1974; Young & Bradford 1977; Janger 1980; Killing 1983; Geringer 1986) issues that analyzed
A MNE is an enterprise, which has its services and assets in more than one country. MNE’s have offices and production unit in different countries known as host countries with a head office in the home country where all global management decisions are coordinated. E.G.: Coca-Cola, Toshiba, and Honda. MNE’s play a very important role in globalization.
Globalization Operation, from the 1990s became the buzzword. With increased trade, investment and international financial capital flows, the world economy is undoubtedly steadily toward globalization. Foreign goods purchased by consumers increased, more and more transnational company, people feel the world is getting smaller, more intimate contact with each other. Following by China's reform and opening the market, China's growing economic strength and international competitiveness of Chinese enterprises is also rising, the number of multinational companies have increased, but there are still less competitive and dynamic issues such as inadequate in the development process . This article on how big of multinational companies
A multinational corporation (MNC) is a corporation that operating in two or more countries, known as host countries but managed from one country, known as home country. Multinational Corporation is also known as international corporation (Wikipedia, 2011). Besides that, MNC can be defined as a corporation that derives revenues from operations in countries other than home country (BusinessDictionary, 2011).
Multinational Corporations (MNCs) are big corporate business that produce goods and services in more than one country, including its home country. An MNC can operate in very many countries and most often, they hire labour from the exact same country they choose to operate in. These companies normally operate in host countries where they can find cheap labour or numerous unexploited resources which they are unable to find or have already been depleted in their home countries.