The Physics Of The Atomic Theory

In 1502, Columbus set sailed on his last voyage to the New World. The year 1606, James I issues a charter to the Virginia Company for tract of land along the mid-Atlantic coast. This led to Jamestown. The first settlement in America was Jamestown. It was established in 1607 with a 104 male settlers, which was led my John Smith. This article is about the early hard times with Jamestown. Soon it led up to the American Revolution, but the article only goes up to 1618. The article overall idea was the problem with labor in Jamestown. It talked about the people, laws, wealth, etc. The main points in this article were: Spanish discovers, Native American troubles, and working

According to DePra’s poem, “The electron is minus, the proton is plus,/ the neutron is neither” (Doc. 2). In other words, a neutron is neutral, the electron is negative and the proton is positive. After these discoveries, more inventions were made to help further our understanding of atoms, for instance, the the electron microscope. Electrons were discovered before Rutherford by JJ Thomas (OI). Thomas was using a cathode ray and discovered that atoms are made of smaller subatomic particles

Many women weren’t showed respect from men for the color of their skin or their gender, so it took courage for women like Mary Jackson to stand up for themselves or their work. In the book Hidden Figures, it states, “ Something didn’t seem right to the manager who assigned the work. He insisted that Mary’s calculations were wrong. Mary Jackson respectfully stood by her work. Mary and the division chief reviewed the number and finally discovered that the problem wasn’t with her output it was with his input: he had given her the wrong numbers to use!...But having the independence of mind and strength of personality to defend your work in front of the most powerful aeronautical minds in the world-that’s what got you noticed.”(Shetterly 91-92).

Elizabeth immediately regretted her temper, but by the time she cooled enough to be rational, she was half way to Oakham Mount.

Ernest Rutherford was an English physicist who lived from 1871 to 1937. He designed an experiment of what he learned, he found out that positive particles are in the center of the nucleus.

In many ways, Niels Bhor’s model modified the atomic structure that was initially proposed by Rutherford. Rutherford had proposed that electrons circled the nucleus like planets around the sun,

Before the First World War, German scientists James Franck and Gustav Hertz conducted experiments where they added electrons to Mercury atoms. They traced the energy changes that the collision caused. That experiment led Nils Bohr to make a theory that an atom can absorb energy in precise and definite amounts. After that experiment, many other scientists conducted research on radioactive methods to chemical problems and conducted more experiments on how elements would react when elements

Niels Bohr was the individual who discovered atomic orbitals. Bohr proposed that electrons travelling around the nucleus could only occupy orbits that had fixed energy values. He also proposed that atoms do not emit or absorb energy (when in its stationary state). It was Bohr whose work led to the planetary model of the atom and who accurately predicted the line spectrum of the hydrogen atom. The planetary model of the atom shows electrons orbiting the atom’s nucleus in circular paths (fixed) - just as the planets do around the sun. Though Bohr’s model retained some features of Rutherford’s model, Bohr’s model imposed certain restrictions on where electrons moved (anywhere around the nucleus’

He was the first to find how much an atom weighed. Amedeos findings were completely ignored up until a scientist by the name of Stanislao Cannizzaro. Cannizzaro presented Avogadro's findings four years after amedeo's death. Even after he presented other scientists still rejected the

Niels Bohr greatly contributed to the modern atomic model. He provided great knowledge on the atom and physics. He is considered to be one of the greatest physicists of all time because of his contributions to the atomic model. This required the help from a few of his fellow physicists, such as Ernest Rutherford and J.J. Thomson. Niels Bohr created the Bohr model in which he built his ideas from Rutherford and Thomson to create what he thought the atom looked like. Bohr believed that the middle of an atom is a positively charged nucleus with electrons surrounding it. He also discovered that the electrons were not in a specific orbit around the nucleus instead, they jumped around depending on the amount of energy they had.

Thomson4 discovered the electron3 using a cathode ray4. In a cathode ray an electric current is passed through a discharge tube5 which causes a glowing light that, Thomson concluded, was made up of smaller particles. He then discovered that these particles had a negative charge and were actually electrons. Thomson knew that electrons had a negative charge and believed that matter must have a positive charge as well. From the knowledge he accumulated, he formed a model of what he believed the structure of the atom looked like. This model has come to be known as the Plum Pudding Model4. In 19004 a professor of theoretical physics, Max Planck4, discovered that when you vibrate atoms strong enough you can measure the energy. Planck called these packets of energy quanta. At the time, physicists believed that light consisted of waves. Albert Einstein4 concluded that the quanta behaved like discrete particles. For many years there was a controversy on whether light consisted of waves or particles. In 1911 Ernest Rutherford4 bombarded atoms with alpha rays. Rutherford used Radium as the alpha particles4 and shined them onto gold foil. This was called the Gold Foil Experiment4. The conclusion from this experiment was that positively charged matter scattered the alpha particles and that most of the space4 around these positively charged centers has nothing in it. Furthermore, Rutherford thought that electrons must exist somewhere within that empty space and that they orbited a positive center, like the planets orbit around the sun. Rutherford also speculated that atoms consisted of a compact positively charged nucleus4 as well as that most of the atom’s mass is contained in the nucleus. In 1919 Rutherford finally identified the particles of the nucleus as discrete positive charges of matter and named them protons4. He developed a model of the atom but, due to the theory of electricity and magnetism, it was predicted, according to this model,

Bohr was called upon by a fellow colleague named Ernest Rutherford, to help him solve some problems with the Rutherford Planetary Model of the atom. Bohr quickly took the position to help and new that the problem had something to do with the discharge of hydrogen within an atom. After solving this problem and coming up with his own law and model of the atom. This advancement changed physics forever. Bohr’s model was made up of four ideas.

- He proposed that atoms have a small dense center called nucleus and it’s made of protons, who has positive charges

Ernest Rutherford was a New Zealand born British physicist who is famously known for “splitting the atom.” His work on the gold foil experiment contributed greatly to the model of the atom and helped develop the standard model of the atom to what we now use today. Without his contributions we would still be using the Plum Pudding model, an out dated and incorrect model, and we would have less of an understanding of how atoms form the world around us.

During Marie's time, the atom was thought to be the smallest particle in existence. At first, Marie and Pierre Curie believed that perhaps the atom was covered with cosmic rays. Marie tested numerous elements to find if other ones than Uranium would make the air conduct electricity better.