The Modern Mosaic

The Metropolitan Cathedral in Mexico City was built between 1573 and 1813 by the architect that designed this building was Claudio de Arciniega. He designed this building from taking inspiration from gothic cathedrals in Spain. The focus of this cathedral was Spanish gothic, with the influence of the renaissance. Claudio de Arciniega was born in 1520 and died in 1593. There was not a lot found on him. Per Jimenez article, he was a carver in Madrid and after a while, moved to New Spain in 1555. He did some work in America like the Viceregal Palace and the Santo Domingo (Jimenez). He also did some work in Mexico till he died. The last building, he was working on was the Metropolitan Cathedral in Mexico City right before he died.

decoration of the Dome of the Rock, however, is the mosaic work.” 2 Once inside, the rock that

In the fourth and third century BCE, the Etruscans produced many engraved mirrors decorated with scenes from Greek or local mythology. A characteristic product of the Etruscans, they provide a great deal of information about Etruscan bronze technology and the development of Etruscan art. An example at the Walters Museum, "Mirror with Heracles, Dionysus, Ariadne, and Eros," allows the viewer to see such an object and come to an appreciation of the skilled and intricate work required by an artisan to make it. Many Etruscan mirrors are decorated with a similar scene, which also appeared in Greece during the fifth century BCE, often on painted terra cotta vases. Art historians at the British Museum have undertaken a project to catalogue all known existing Etruscan mirrors.

Choose a work of art from the reading in Chapter 1. Discuss how the work is a reflection of the ancient culture that created it. Also, did anything particularly surprise or impress

This work of art is from the Greek, Hellenistic period, c. 270- 250 B.C.E. This fifteen inch marble bust corresponds to a member of the Ptolemaic dynasty according to the typical facial features of the ruling family at that time. The Ptolemaic dynasty occurred when there was a succession of Macedonian Greeks over Egypt from the death of Alexander the Great in 323 B.C. until the annexation of Egypt by Rome and the suicide of Cleopatra VII in 30 B.C. Therefore, this head was most likely created to symbolize a Ptolemaic Queen. Its subject matter, the themes or ideas in a work of art distinct from its form, is not evident

| Garum jar in mosaic from the villa of Aulus Umbricius Scaurus, Pompeii, an ‘advertisement’ on the floor of his atrium.

Unlike the stylized sculpture from the Archaic period or ancient period. In this piece, the sculptor Polykleitos made this male figure as perfect as possible, Polykleitos showed people his remarkable observation and skills on this piece, and most importantly, he created a mathematical formula to make a perfect human figure, in another word, he takes human part as a measuring tool to figure out how different parts of body relate to other parts (Stewart, Andrew). Greeks was more obsessed with the idea o perfect than ever, therefore, Polykeitos developed this technique in order to satisfy their desire of perfection. This shift of the awareness of the concept of beauty is a turning point in the art history, This innovation is combined philosophy and art, It promoted the studying and understanding of the idealistic and perfection in human figures, even influenced the artists after thousands of

Two additional works of art that we will discuss, is the Justinian Mosaic and the Bull Leaping Fresco. Both being excellent pieces of art from different periods, we will discuss them in detail with characteristics that are similar and contradictory. The Justinian Mosaic is a wonderful piece that exhibits the well trained craftsmanship of artist from the Early Byzantium period, dating to 547. However, the artist ability from the late Minoan Period equally had a true eye for quality, and it shows with the Bull Leaping Fresco from around 1450 BCE.

The glass like surface of the tiles made it appear shiny in nature, very smooth looking stones were used. The design itself isn’t reminiscent of Byzantine Art from that time

The piece is a red-figured, wine bowl that is attributed to the Niobid Painter. It was made in Athens, Greece around 460-450 BC, and found in Altamura. Puglia, Italy (British Museum). There are two scenes on top of one another that occur in the piece. The top scene is the creation of Pandora. She is standing rigid while five of the gods are standing around her. Athena is about to put a wreath on her head. The scene below displays a frieze of dancing and playing satyrs. Because the vase is round it isn’t possible to see all the figures in the piece. But looking at the piece from the front, six gods are portrayed in the top scene. The gods in the scene from left to right are: Zeus, Poseidon, Athena, Pandora, Ares, and Hermes. The gods in the piece are identifiable because of distinguishable traits that certain characters

It was found in Pompeii, Italy. The scene featured is Alexander at the battle of Issos in 333 BCE. Alexander is depicted as fighting with the Persian Emperor Darius (Stokstad and Cothren 146-147). In my opinion, this mosaic seems to show the moment that Alexander and Darius meet on the battle field. This seems to foreshadow the fall of the Persian Empire and the rise of Alexander the Great.

This artifact was found in Europe, most likely from the ancient Romans (The Metropolitan Museum of Art).

With the invention of mosaics, Greeks and Romans left us a treasure of life. All past and present images, represented in mosaics are something unique and artistically beautiful for our eyes appreciation. No matter the country or region, mosaics will be always accepted for people that appreciate art. We artists have the responsibility to not lose this gif that our historical ancestors left for us, and continue giving this to our young

The Rise of the Roman Empire can be contributed to many factors. Those factors would include strength in the military, society, leadership, religious, and architectural aspects of the Roman Empire. To start with, the rapid expansion and the incredible success of the Roman Empire was largely due to the Roman army. It was first formed to defend the city of Rome, but it went on to conquer a vast empire. The early Roman army was made up of volunteers, but soldiers that joined up for 20-25 years became paid professionals. People from lands conquered by Romans were also recruited into the army ranks. The army made the people feel secure and reassured them that their children would grow up in a safe environment. The army helped to defend the land that it already had, and also to protect the newly

In a world of intense global competition, demand for specialised skills to match increasing product complexity as well as the speed of technological advances and innovations; open innovation is becoming increasingly important for firms’ competitive advantage (Ranft & Lord, 2002 and Lawson & Samson, 2001 and Howells et al., 2003). These external pressures are becoming too demanding for a firm’s internal capabilities and there has been a shift from internal research and development, to acquiring external capabilities in a bid for open innovation. (Howells et al., 2008). These acquisitions can be sourced through joint ventures, collaborations or licensing (Howells et al., 2008).