The Milgram Experiment

The Milgram Experiment conducted at Yale University in 1963, focused on whether a person would follow instructions from someone showing authority. Students (actors) were asked questions by the teachers (participants), if the students got the answer wrong they would receive a shock each higher than the previous. The shocks ranged from Slight shock (15v) to Danger! (300v) to XXX (450v). Stanley Milgram wanted to know if people would do things just because someone with authority told them to, even if it was hurting someone. I believe that the experiment was a good way to test the obedience of people

Hofling (1966) created a more realistic study of obedience than Milgram's by carrying out field studies on nurses who were unaware that they were involved in an experiment. McLeod, S. (2016). Hofling's Hospital Experiment of Obedience | Simply Psychology. [online] Simplypsychology.org. Available at: http://www.simplypsychology.org/hofling-obedience.html [Accessed 8 Oct. 2016].” The experiment was conducted on 22 night nurses when a Dr. Smith (Stooge) phones the hospital and had asked the nurses to check if they had the drug astroten. The maximum dosage was meant to be 10 mg but they were asked to administer 20 mg to a patient. Dr. Smith instructed them he was busy and needed to hurry and would sign the correct authorization forms in the near

technique is most used in the film. The shark cannot be seen as it is

Stanley Milgram conducted one of the most controversial psychological experiments of all time: the Milgram Experiment. Milgram was born in a New York hospital to parents that immigrated from Germany. The Holocaust sparked his interest for most of his young life because as he stated, he should have been born into a “German-speaking Jewish community” and “died in a gas chamber.” Milgram soon realized that the only way the “inhumane policies” of the Holocaust could occur, was if a large amount of people “obeyed orders” (Romm, 2015). This influenced the hypothesis of the experiment. How much pain would someone be willing to inflict on another just because an authority figure urged them to do so? The experiment involved a teacher who would ask questions to a concealed learner and a shock system. If the learner answered incorrectly, he would receive a shock. Milgram conducted the experiment many times over the course of 2 years, but the most well-known trial included 65% of participants who were willing to continue until they reached the fatal shock of 450 volts (Romm, 2015). The results of his experiment were so shocking that many people called Milgram’s experiment “unethical.”

In Milgram experiment, the objective was to find out the conflict between obedience to authority figures and personal conscience. In the video, it was shown that some participants became uncomfortable with carrying on with the experiment as the ‘learner’ starts to scream in pain, asked to be released and rejecting to answer the questions when they hit the 300 volts level. The participants did question the experimenter if they should carry on but the only reply was to carry on and no stopping. From the experiment, 65% of the participants actually shocked the ‘learner’ to the maximum level. However, the other 35% insisted to stop before reaching the maximum level.

Stanley Milgram created a series of psychological experiments that studied the extent of a human beings willingness to obey an authority figure who informed them to commits acts not in correspondence with their own personal beliefs. Milgram started the experiments because he was intrigued by the German Nazi war criminal Adolf Eichmann, who many believed that he and his troops were just following orders. The experiments have been tried with various societies and countries. The experiment showed the extreme outcomes that obedience plays with an individual in certain circumstances.

Milgram (1963) was possessed with inquisitive about how far people would run in agreeing to a course in case it included harming another person. Stanley Milgram was enthused about how adequately regular people could be influenced into submitting anathemas for example, Germans in WWII. The method of consistence to master while fundamental administration is a most adversarial and disturbing example that has surrounded bit of mental examinations. One such examination which has been done in different assortments over the world is: Milligram attempt, which focuses on a champion among the most fundamental mental slants find in human be The celebrated Milligram cerebrum science tests, finished in the 1960s, anticipated that

The volunteers were told that the experiment was about memory and the experimenter was to watch the whole time. Also, the two possible roles were the teacher or the student. Every time the student gets a question wrong they received a shock. These shocks became more intense with each error. What was actually being tested was how obedient they were with what the experimenter told them to do. To start, they found out which position they were. Every volunteer was the teacher because they had an actor as the student. The student never actually gets shocked, the only real shock in the whole experiment was to the teacher as an example of one. The student then made planned errors and when the teacher shocked them would act as if it really happened. As the shocks got more powerful the student begged to stop the experiment and claimed to have heart problems. The experimenter told the teacher to continue. The test was to see how many people gave all 30 levels and went to the most painful/ dangerous

Then, the teacher would say a word and the learner was expected to recall and voice the correct pair. If the learner makes a mistake, the teacher is ordered to administer an electric shock, and increase the shock level each time. The learner mainly gave wrong answers on purpose, since he was in on the experiment, and for each wrong answer the learner was given a shock. If the teacher refused to administer a shock, the experimenter, Mr Williams, gave a series of orders to ensure the teacher would continue. The first order was “please continue”, the second “the experimenter requires you to continue”, the third “it is absolutely essential that you continue”, and “the last you have no other choice but no continue”.

A participant came in and was told that chance would determine whether he was the “teacher” or “learner.” The participant always ended up, as the teacher while an assistant of the experimenter was the learner. The experimenter directed the teacher to deliver increasing amount

The results and conclusion of Milgram’s experiment demonstrated an obedience to authority and “do as you are told” mentality. Many subjects showed signs of tension and were uncomfortable delivering the shocks, yet all 40 subjects obeyed up to 300 volts. Sixty three percent of the subjects continued give shocks until the maximum level of 450 volts was reached. Experts predicted that only one to three percent of the participants would continue to deliver shocks, and that these individuals would have to be psychopaths. However, footage of Milgram’s experiment shows 65% of the subjects continued giving shocks, and none stopped when the learner said he had heart trouble (1962). Milgram carried out eighteen variations of his study, altering the situation

The Milgram Project was an experiment that used shock therapy on a person to affect their memory skills. That’s what the test subjects thought at least. It all starts with a random volunteer, ordinary people like dentist, store clerk, even teachers. The volunteer would be brought into a room in which they can only hear the second person, the fake subjects or the student, who volunteer believe was the subject, but to the experimenter the volunteer was the real subject in this experiment. The student was asked a series of questions and had to answer them with lights that indicate their answer.

Stanley Milgram was a psychology professor at Yale University, a prestigious school in Connecticut. He was interested in why so many German people in the 1930s and 1940s had followed instructions which involved causing pain or killing innocent human beings. His experiment on obedience to authority figures was a series of social psychology experiments that measured the willingness of study participants to obey an authority figure who instructed them to perform acts conflicting with their personal conscience. Milgram first described his research in 1963 in an article published in the Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology.

The Milgram experiments tests males from varying ages, and education levels, to see how far the will follow orders at other person’s expense. The test was well prepared, and had a base line for responses, that would give accurate data. The “teacher” in the experiment would issue shocks to the “learner” for each wrong response, with increasing voltage each time. The study found that 50% of the 40 males completed the test; issuing a shock of 450 volts 3 times, in the end of the test. Although, most people during the test wanted to stop, the experimenter would instruct them to keep going, and claim all reasonability for the test. The results of the test show that people are willing to follow orders, even if it harms another human being.

While I feel these two experiments give insight to how people can act in certain circumstances, they are without doubt unethical by many standards. I would not say that the reward outweighed the risk at all and I personally would not want to participate or allow such an experiment to happen.