The Medieval Machine Chapter Summary

In the late 1700s the invention of new machines launched the first wave of industrial revolution. New technology

Document Based Question Essay, focusing on the Middle Ages The Middle Ages in Western Europe began with the fall of the Roman Empire in 476, and ended in the 15th century. At the start of this time period Europe was not perfect it was politically divided, experiencing sea raids, and not many people had the ability to read and write. Europeans struggled in the beginning of this era and were still learning how to become a unified community, Europeans were able to overcome these difficulties with a unified religion through the Catholic Church, and lastly towards the end of the Middle Ages Europe came into a new more dominant trade position.

In the 1760s though the 1820’s Britain started to use machines to produce goods instead of doing it by hand mostly, due to the fact that the items were easier to maker, therefore making them cheaper, and improving life. This also spawned, much later though, the digital revolution, which involved using technology, not machinery. The Industrial Revolution transformed the European society by, making busier cities, increasing the population, and polluting the continent.

industrialization was a big step for the world. “The first had come on a wave of new inventions in iron making, in textiles, in the centrally powered factory, and in new ways of organizing business and work. In the latter 19th century, a second wave of technical and organizational advances carried industrial society to new levels” (Document 3). As industrialization grows, people are inventing more and more items, which changed civilization. Examples are the telephone and the railroad, which have been recreated

Hence, the windmill and water mill of the middle Ages were very important industrial advancements. Medieval Industrial Technology has also been characterized by many agricultural improvements. Medieval farmers used the heavy plough to loosen soil for seed planting. It originated in Asia Minor, but was later used in Northern Europe. These ploughs were normally mounted on two wheels, and pulled by several horses or oxen.

The large number of practical and useful inventions brought forward during the time leading up to and including the period known as the Industrial Revolution had a significant impact on both American society and the world. The transition that took place resulted in reliance on mechanical sources of power/energy rather than the traditional human or animal sources to produce the products needed (Hackett, 1992). One of

During the latter half of the nineteenth century, Europe went through many significant changes that had great effects on their society. These changes were largely due to the Industrial Revolution that dates back hundreds of years, but shows most prominent influence during this time. The technological

The Internet provides accuracy, productivity, and possibilities that would be devastating if suddenly missing. Because of man’s resiliency, I don’t think that we would experience Armageddon if the Internet stopped. I do believe our world would become larger for a while. The miles shortened by email would lengthen due to postage delivery. The nanosecond returns to a minute, and memory would be placed back in photo albums and diaries. All changes would be temporary until necessity, and personal desire would lead the way to new technology. In the end, one truth stands; with technology comes great responsibility.

However, The Medieval Machine describes advancements that enhance society economically, socially, and intellectually. The medieval agricultural industry exploded, causing a tremendous increase in the population. Additionally, the heavy plow, triennial rotation, and three-field system greatly increased the amount crops that could be cultivated. With a more diverse and plentiful amount of crops, the medieval community consumed a healthier diet leading to a higher birthrate and a lower death rate. According to The Medieval Machine by Jean Gimpel, “The three-field system had many advantages. As only 30 percent of the land lay fallow in any year, as against 50 percent with the two-field system, there was a higher proportion of land under cultivation” (Gimpel, 40). Agricultural developments in Gimpel’s book show how enhancing technology can be beneficial to the well-being of

These developments changed the traditional ways of war leading to major political changes. Also, the development of scientific "instruments, machines, looms" led to "progress of industry and prosperity" (Condorcet 129). Machines increased productivity by making labor easier and less time consuming. This changed the medieval idea of human work, since a simple machine could do the work of twenty people in a quarter of the time required before. New

Changes in the way people worked, the reformation of social class structure, the concepts that people had about social classes, and the modified international balance of political power were all attributes of the Industrial Revolution. The Revolution's radical changes effected the human experience in both negative and positive means. One aspect that had a positive significant impact on the Revolution was the advancement in technology.

The Industrial Revolution was a time period of rapid growth in society. Referring to the 1700’s century in England where the output of machine made goods greatly increased. Prior to the changes made during the Industrial Revolution, workers often manufactured products in their homes using handtools and basic machinery. However, industrialization marked a shift of labor from small farms in rural areas to large factories in cities and was a time of new products, inventions and methods of work.The results of the Industrial Revolution led to many positive outcomes because new cultivation methods spread rapidly around the world. The Industrial Revolution made a significant political, economical, and social change throughout Europe. The Industrial

It changed for the better in the sense of increasing the water and steam-driven machinery, which allowed for the cost of clothing materials to be lowered. Railroads were being made better along with other consumer goods. The people started new cultural institutions to better reading and learning. This is when the first novels and stories were first published. The Industrial Revolution had a lot of materialism with the material production and machines produced by scientists and industrial technologist. The Victorian Age is the most popular time in the materialism progress. There were rising standards of living and technological advances being made everyday. The first telegraph cable connection was made between Europe and North America. Also, sanitation began to be taking place in homes, offices, and businesses so that it was possible for the next step, the vaccines, to be made available to kill illnesses and more germs. A difference between the Industrial Age and the Renaissance is the architecture. Where the Renaissance used stone and brick and the Industrial Age started using iron and glass panels that were pre-made ready to be put together. With this advancement it made putting buildings, homes and offices together much quicker and easier. The next big monumental piece of art is the Eiffel Tower in Paris made by Gustave Eiffel from cast and iron. The art in the Industrial Age is different in the sense of detail in the oil canvases. There were much more building, people, color, and action taking place. The Industrial Age had a lot more building advancements then the Renaissance

The topic I have chosen to discuss related to the last 400 years in Western Civilization is the industrial revolution in Britain. The industrial revolution was what created the modern capitalist system. Britain was the first to lead the way in this huge transformation. Technology changed, businesses, manufactured goods, and wage laborers skyrocketed. There was not only an economic transformation, but also a social transformation. The industrial revolution is such an interesting subject to further explore, because it truly made a difference in Britain in the late 1700s. The industrial revolution brought an increased quantity and variety of manufactured goods and even improved the standard of living for some individuals, however, it resulted in grim employment and living conditions that were for the poor and working classes. The industrial revolution had a bright and dark side to it. It was dark due to all the horrible working conditions, crowded cities, unsanitary facilities, diseases, and unsafe work environment, but the bright side is that it was a period of enormous social progress.

The Industrial Revolution was the main contributor of the development of factories and modern day machinery. The Industrial Revolution created hundreds of new jobs, influenced many new inventions, and created many new ways of creating and transporting goods. Many jobs including spinners, miners, factory workers, and farmers were beginning to rise in population, due to the new technology being created in the 18th and 19th centuries. The start of new inventions coming into view was beginning in Britain, with many agricultural tools creating new ways to plow and yield crops. Later on, it caused new forms of transportation to be developed, for example, railroads and canals. This essay will explain exactly how these causes began, and how they