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The March On Washington: Civil Rights Movement

Decent Essays

The March on Washington
The March on Washington was a civil rights movement that occurred on August 28, 1963 (Jones x). The people who marched consisted of mainly African Americans, but also others seeking to gain equal rights for all people. Many Americans know of this movement for Martin Luther King Jr. giving an “I Have a Dream” speech in front of the Lincoln Memorial in Washington DC. However, not many people know about the details and another official leader of this movement, A. Philip Randolph. This protest was for “freedom” and nearly a quarter-million people gathered at the nation’s capital from all over the country (Jones x). By freedom, they meant to have the same rights and equality as whites do in both the economy and society. …show more content…

Philip Randolph, started in 1941 and lasted until 1963. The purpose of the March on Washington movement was to desegregate the federal defense industry (Class notes). In 1941, the United States was gearing up to fight World War II. Even though the war wasn't declared yet at the time, it was obvious that the U.S. was going to enter a conflict in some sort of way. So it was obvious that the U.S. was going to supply Europe with munitions to fight against Germans, Japanese, and Italians (Class notes). However, the federal defense industry was segregated at the time, so A. Philip Randolph, the president of the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters union, was upset that the industry was segregated (Class notes). In 1940, 100,000 Americans were employed in aircraft plants in 1940, but only 300 of them were African Americans so there was a lack of skilled African American labor (Jones 25-26). A survey of employment patterns in twenty defense industries showed that African American workers got only 5.4 percent of the jobs created that year. This figure fell to only 2.5 percent a year later (Jones 26). Therefore, A. Philip Randolph threatened the March on Washington in 1941. On May 31, 1941, Randolph issued a formal call to march on behalf of the National March on Washington Committee (Jones 35). He threatened President Roosevelt that he will gather 50,000 African Americans to Washington DC to protest that the United States have …show more content…

It surely raised awareness about segregation and resulted in legislating many laws to help African Americans have freedom “under the law”. But just because they were protected under the law, that did not change how white people thought about African Americans. They still did not get treated like whites. They were just “equal under the law”. For example, in the first week of September after the Civil Right Act was legislated, two girls entered Birmingham’s West End High, nearly 300 white students marched out and bashed them because they were black (Jones 210). Their mothers were cheering them and encouraging other student to join them, and teachers were smiling at the demonstrators from the window. Even today, the unemployment rate for blacks (13.5 percent) is double that of whites (6.7 percent), about the same ratio as in 1963 (Zissou). However, this movement was a huge step for African Americans towards freedom. Unfortunately, civil rights is something that not only Americans but other people still suffer from today. It is because even though there are many laws to protect people from being segregated, that does not change how people think or treat others. Everyone has a different opinion and may believe whether those are good or not. For example, same sex marriage was legally accepted in all states in the Unites States this year, but there are many people who are out there that are against it. Religion is still

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