The level of competition in an industry determines the number of profits made by players in the industry. An industry with a high level of profits is likely to attract many players which erode the profits made by firms gradually. A firm seeking to venture into a new industry should evaluate the level of profits in an industry as well as how intense competition is in the industry before making a move. Porter’s five forces model provides a comprehensive framework that can be used to evaluate how intense the competition is in the industry. The soft drinks industry is an industry that is very profitable but also exhibits cut throat competition. Coca-Cola and Pepsi companies are the players with much dominance in the soft drinks industry. This paper explores the competition between Coca-Cola and Pepsi companies dubbed cola wars in the context of Porter’s five forces model. Threat of New Entrants (Low) This force analyzes the ease or difficulty of a new player entering an industry. Industries that are profitable but have minimal barriers to entry attract many players who make the profits to plummet. Profits decrease when a large number of firms compete for a limited market share (Hill & Jones, 2010). Therefore, existing players, particularly in a profitable industry, should create extensive barriers to entry to deter new firms from entering the industry. Coca-Cola and Pepsi companies are the dominant players in the soft drinks industry (Yoffie, 2011). The two companies
Introductory Paragraph Everyone has read books or seen a movie that has had your eyes glued to your book or screen. In this story, the narrator uses plenty of suspense. In “The Black Cat”, Edgar Allan Poe uses suspense in three different points. The abuse of the cat, the killing of his wife, and the discovery of his wife’s body.
Pepsi Co. and Coca Cola, both are very well known multinational companies. They are so famous that they perhaps don’t need any introduction since almost everyone knows basic info about these companies and their widely used products. Both of these companies have been dealing in the production of flavored waters, plain drinking water and soft drinks for decades now and have always been each other’s competitors in almost all the mainstream products they have been producing.
Perhaps he is known as one of the most notorious and infamous kings in the history of the world. His bloody and prosperous reign would change England forever. Henry VII was born to Henry VII of England and Elizabeth York on June 28th, 1491. Henry was infamous for his terrible temper, his reformation of the church where he split from the Pope and the Catholic Church and turned England into a mainly Protestant country, but conceivable he is mostly recognized for his marriages to six different women. Years of infidelity, murder, and pure disrespect would follow and Henry’s final wife would be Katherine Parr.
The existing concentrate business is largely controlled by Coca-Cola Company (Coca-Cola) and PepsiCo (Pepsi), together claiming a combined 72% of the U.S. carbonated soft drink (CSD) market sales volume in 2009. Refer to Exhibit 1 for an illustration of the CSD industry value chain. For more than a century, Coca-Cola and Pepsi have maintained growth and large market shares through mastering five competitive forces, shown in Exhibit 2, that drive profitability and shape the industry structure.
Both potential and existing competitors influence average industry profitability. The threat of new entrants is usually based on the market entry barriers. They can take diverse forms and are used to prevent an influx of firms into an industry whenever profits, adjusted for the cost of capital, rise above zero. In contrast, entry barriers exist whenever it is difficult or not economically feasible for an outsider to replicate the incumbents’ position (Porter, 1980b; Sanderson, 1998) The most common forms of entry barriers, except intrinsic physical or legal obstacles, are as follows:
Soft drink industry is very profitable, more so for the concentrate producers than the bottler’s. This is surprising considering the fact that product sold is a commodity which can even be produced easily. There are several reasons for this, using the five forces analysis we can clearly demonstrate how each force contributes the profitability of the industry.
Porter’s Five-Forces Model of Industry Competition is the most widely utilized tool to evaluate the competitive environment (Dess, Lumpkin, Eisner, & McNamara, 2014). Dess, Lumpkin, Eisner & McNamara (2014) define Porter’s model
In an industry dominated by two heavyweight contenders, Coke and Pepsi, in fact, between 1996 and 2004 per capita consumption of carbonated soft drinks (CSD) remained between 52 to 54 gallons per year. Consumption grew by an average of 3% per year over the next three decades. Fueling this growth were the increasing availability of CSD, the introduction of diet and flavored varieties, and brand extensions. There is couple of reasons why the industry is so profitable such as market share, availability and diversity and brand name and world class marketing.
The case explains the economics of the soft drink industry. There activities that add value to consumer at nearly every stage of the value chain of the soft drink industry. The war is primarily fought between Coca-Cola and PepsiCo as market leaders in this industry; who combined have roughly a ninety percent market share in their industry. The impact of globalization on competition has allowed both of these major players to find new markets to tap which has allowed each continued growth potential.
Porter 's Five Forces model (PFF) is a powerful instrument that can be utilized by companies to investigate its situation and identify its industry 's competitors. Analyzing industry will help any business in determining the competitive strength and weaknesses. By using PFF model, investors can gain valuable information regarding what the actual factors that affect the organization 's profitability (Evans & Neu 2008). This paper will analyze the Cola Wars case study based on the PFF model, and the primary components of soft drink industry. At the end of this paper, some recommendations will be given to Coca-Cola company to enhance its position in the market.
In the works Annabel Lee, Tell-Tale Heart, The Raven, and The Cask of Amontillado written by Edgar Allan Poe, the stories show his gothic writing style that focuses on the ideas of death, revenge, or mystery. When Poe was extremely young, both of his parents passed away. Even so, another family adopted him and gave him the best education possible. He attended the University of Virginia, which challenged Poe to the extent that he grew a gambling problem. Edgar Allan Poe was forced to leave the college after he was not able to pay the debt and decided to join the Army, which could have influenced his death-obsessed style of writing. Later, his wife died, which increased his depression as well as his addiction to alcohol. Edgar Allan Poe’s morbid
Porter's Five Forces can be applied to particular companies, market segments and industries with the step-by-step analysis of market structure and competitive situation. First of all, when implementing this module in organizations, it is necessary to determine the scope of the market to be analyzed. Following, all relevant forces for this market analyzed and key forces are identified (Gerry and Kevan, P.117). Actually some organizational strategy and the longer-term goals are mainly based on or consistent with the key forces. Hence, it is not necessary to analyze all elements of all competitive forces with the same depth. Moreover, the key forces in the competitive environment will vary in different industry. Different forces take on prominence in shaping competition in each industry (Porter,
If an industry is profitable, it will become a magnet to attract more competitors looking to do same business with us. If it is easy for these new entrants to enter the market, this poses a threat to the firms already competing in that market. Threat of new entrants is one of the forces that shape the competitive structure of an industry (Marc, 2014). A high threat of entry means new competitors are attracted by the profits of the industry and can enter the industry easily. New competitors entering the marketplace can make the market share and profitability of existing competitors more threaten cause the existing competitor to make some changes to existing product quality or price levels. A high threat of new entrance can make an industry more competitive and decrease profit potential for existing competitors whereas a low high threat of new entrance can make an industry less competitive and increases profit potential for the existing
As we begin to strategically plan for our business, it is important for us to take a deep dive into our competitive environment to understand where we are strong competitively and where we are weak competitively. An analysis of the forces driving industry competition using M.E. Porter’s Five Forces Model will assist us in determining where the power lies in a business situation as we begin to plan. We must understand how they work in our industry and how they affect our particular situation. Whatever the collective strength of these forces is, our job as the strategists of the organization is to
For more than a century, Coca Cola and PepsiCo have been the major competitors within the soft drink market. By employing various advertising tactics, strategies such as blind taste tests, and reward initiatives for the consumer, they have grown to become oligopolistic rivals. In the soft-drink business, “The Coca-Cola Company” and “PepsiCo, Incorporated” hold most of the market shares in virtually every region of the world. They have brands that the consumers want, whether it be soft-drink brands or in PepsioCo’s case, snacks. With only one soft-drink market, the two competitors have no choice but to increase sales by stealing the other competitor’s clients. This led to the term, the “cola wars” which was first used