Police officers are trained professionals that help keeping the order in our society. To fight crime, is necessary to arrest people that breaks the law. However, to control citizens from breaking the law, is imperative that they arrest those who refuse to abide it. In doing so, is critical that they have knowledge of the science and technology that involves interpreting the law. Nonetheless, a balance between due process and the interpretation of the laws is complicated when we take in consideration two facts. First, the U. S. Constitution guarantees rights to accuse criminals when they are arrested. Second, because our Constitution was written more than two centuries ago, it doesn’t specify the interpretation and application of those rights in regards to the law in the 21st century.
Civilian population sees police officers as protectors of those in a disadvantageous position, and trust that policemen know how to proceed in every case. Specifically for that reason in 1967 the President’s Commissioner on Law Enforcement debated if policemen needed to have a minimum of a four year college degree. Critical thinking is essential for interpreting laws in case-by-case basis, higher education serves that purpose. Is a very complicated process because there are many regulations to be followed that the Supreme Court has declared as lawful in determining the guilt of the accuse and to make sure that the due process is followed. Adding more pressure to a profession that is scrutinized
Due process considers patrolling inside the criminal justice structure is critical to preserving integrity inside the social order. Being that it is currently in effect in the United States because this model places an emphasis and priority upon the arrest, prosecution, and conviction of criminals. The crime control model validates an attack on unlawful doings. The expression, “War on Crime” is debated by political figures plus officers on purposes to classify, track, separate, and eventually eradicate unlawful components in the general
Every day, law enforcement officers encounter danger while carrying out their duties. The foremost duty of law enforcement officers are to serve and protect citizens. Most law enforcement agencies do this successfully. However, many people view law enforcement officers as the enemy. People need to be better informed about law enforcement and why officers take specific actions in certain circumstances. In our society, police are in a very dangerous position when it comes to the amount of force they can use when dealing with an individual. Officers use discretion when deciding the best course of action for the situation, whether it be physical force, persuasion, or coercion. They must take the correct course of action, because if they are too lenient or to forceful, even when dealing with petty things, they can be reprimanded by superiors and the public. Should police use force? Which circumstances warrant use force and what are the limits of force they can use? These questions are often asked when police are compelled to use force.
The contest of strength between the Crime Control Model and the Due Process Model is similar to attempting to satisfy every person, each and every second and no one some of the time. Debates are good for both models, but for all growth on one side, there must be one on the opposing side as well. The Crime Control Model, prosecutor or the police, is not in favor for the Due Process Model, a person, to have more rights than they do. Each and every individual who is a United States citizen should know what his or her rights are.
According to this perspective, disproportionate searches of racial minorities are justified if hit rates are equal across races or if some other measure of “efficient policing” is achieved. Although proponents of these two approaches disagree with one another as to whether racial disparities in search rates are morally or legally acceptable, their analyses suffer from similar shortcomings. In particular, both the civil libertarian and the economics approaches assume intentional or purposeful discrimination by police offers. Although data from around the country suggest that racial minorities are often searched at a disproportionately higher rate than Whites, there is little empirical evidence that those disparities are the result of malice or purposeful profiling. We instead begin with the assumption—based on considerable empirical evidence—that the factors influencing police officers’ decisions are complex (Black 1980; Goldstein 1977; Reiss 1984; Wilson 1973). In the present research context, therefore, it is implausible that race is the sole factor that causes police officers to search motorists. To be sure, the recognition of the “multivariate” nature of police officers’ decisions to search has yet to be met by concurrent multivariate empirical models of such behavior. Indeed, incidents of searches are complex events that cannot be understood through simple univariate frequency statistics and/or bivariate relationships. The Supreme Court itself often adopts a
An important equation in the Criminal Justice System is the delicate balance of due process and crime control. The due process model is the “perspective that emphasizes individual rights at all stages of justice system processing” (Schmalleger, 2015, p. 22). It is founded in the Bill of Rights and the recognition that each case and defendant is treated fairly Some feel that this places limits on the power of the police to do their jobs effectively.
Over the last several years, most police departments have been facing numerous financial challenges. The main reason is law enforcement agencies are expected to do more with less and the stagnant economy. The combination of these factors has been placing pressure on many departments to begin imposing budget cuts. Evidence of this can be seen with a survey that was conducted by the University of North Carolina. They found that 67% of police departments made some kind of budget cuts for 2011. The most severe reductions were occurring in large police departments such as Los Angeles, Atlanta and Detroit. (Delfem, 2011, pp. 199 - 205) This is illustrating one of the most pressing issues affecting a wide variety of police departments across the country. To fully understand what is happening requires: examining the situation, how they are able to interact with other agencies (i.e. state / federal) and recommending the way this relationship can be improved. Together, these elements will offer specific insights about how police departments can effectively address this problem.
Ithaca, the name of Odysseus’s home, is the namesake of this poem by Constantine Cavafy. Throughout the poem the author discusses the journey of the reader back to Ithaca, but he uses Ithaca as a metaphorical goal rather than a literal location. In the poem Ithaca by Constantine Cavafy, the author uses imagery to relate back to the theme that the journey is more important than the destiny itself. Throughout the Odyssey itself, Odysseus expresses that he wants to return to his homeland, Ithaca, as soon as possible.
The United States of America relies on due process of law to ensure equal protection of life, liberty and property to all citizens. Police officers work tirelessly to accommodate regulations adopted to ensure only criminals are convicted. These restrictions have been part of the United States since the Bill of Rights was generated in 1791, but in the 1960s, as “Law and Order,” the view that crime must be dealt with harshly to deter citizens from breaking the law, the Supreme Court was forced to decide the constitutionality of the rules of interrogation. In the Sixties, crime was escalating and public safety was becoming a growing concern; police began to treat suspects harsher in an effort to raise
Each year citizens die in encounters with law enforcement officers. It is reported that “Americans are eight times more likely to be killed by a police officer than by a terrorist” (Rucke, 2013). Although there is no official data base tracking these occurrences it is estimated that between 500 and a 1,000 people are killed by police officers each year. To put this in greater perspective this number equals approximately 5,000 since the 9/11 terror attack which is roughly the same number as U.S. soldiers who have been killed in the line of duty in Iraq (Rucke, 2013). This statistic is justifiably concerning. The cause of police related killings are multifold and cannot be attributed to only one factor. Many deaths may be unavoidable and perhaps, dependent on the situation, necessary. I contend, however, that many of these deaths may very well be preventable.
Soros knowing he is free from any major legal entanglements understands the very simple fact that, like 9/11 has shown, the more you make average citizens believe they are losing control of their lives and country, the more freedoms they will gladly hand over, in the false belief that it will make them and our country more safe.
Furthermore, “officers without a four-year degree are more likely to generate a greater number of formal complaints” (Krimmel, 1996, p.516). Also, Eterno (2008) concluded from a study of 258 police officers that high school educated only officers generated the most civilian complaints compared to officers with college experience. In contrast, Krimmel (1996) found that there were no statistically significant difference between level of officer education and informal complaints.
With the overwhelming recent media coverage of unarmed individuals being killed by police officers, it has now brought national attention to the seriousness of these events that should be addressed. One of the most notable event that caught the attention of the media and the public was the fatal shooting of Michael Brown. He was an unarmored black male that was shot and killed by a white police officer in Ferguson, Missouri. This was not the first or the last time an unarmed person was killed by a law enforcement officer, it was an event that appeared to have caused citizens to start scrutinizing police department’s use of deadly force policy more in depth; especially the black community. According to “The Counted”, a database created by the Guardian that count the number of people killed by police and other law enforcement agencies in the United States; 190 unarmed individual were killed by law enforcement officer as of October 2015; 178 were male, 62 were Black, 28 were Hispanic, 76 were White, and 9 classified as other or unknown (guardian.com, 2015). Although the fact that the majority of the unarmed killing by police officers involved the death of White individuals, we have to keep in mind that Whites make up the majority of the U.S. population and that the number of minorities killed by police officers outnumbered their White counterparts, with the majority being Black individuals. While individuals should comply with the police, there is a need for better police and
The psychologist serves a great purpose in the law enforcement as well. The police psychologists provide services that are used to counter police use of excessive force. The psychologists are there to characterize the types of officers who are known to abuse force and to recommend psychology-based intervention that could help police managers reduce cases of excessive force. Some think that the police departments should rely mostly on pre employment screening to identify violence-prone candidates.
During my senior year at UTEPI took sociology courses during fall of 2016 and spring 2017 with Dr. Slack. This classes really shaped my academic direction, the classes were, "Drug Use, Abuse, Trafficking," which focused on concepts such as drugs, culture, peoples, religion. These concepts informed my thinking about how radical every person can become when it comes to drugs and the need to acquire money within oppressed countries. The other course was, "General Sociology Theory," which focused on concepts such as theorists and their perceptions of how they saw life and what caused situations or circumstances to be how they are such as the work environment, minimum wage and gender wage gap. Specifically the work of Michel Foucault fascinated me and made want to know more about Sociology. Foucault's book Society Must Be Defended was a deep influence on my pursue because it examines the relationship between war and politics and focuses on how important it is to tell the truth to people. Just as Foucault says in his book "Let us say that we are obligated to produce the truth by the power that demands truth and needs it in order to function: we are forced to tell the truth, we are'constrained, we
Fashion seems to just be flashy nonsense that only the most pristine characters are into, completely useless and over zealous. Fashion is actually a very important factor in the economy itself; without it, many jobs, companies, and entrepreneurs would be lost. Fashion is a $1.2 trillion global industry and is important to the economy and many cultures; fashion can be used to express oneself and beliefs. Past fashion alters everything about what you are wearing right now.