THE INNOVATIVE RISE AND EFFECTS OF COMPUTER CORPORATIONS According to “The History, Development, and Importance of Personal Computers” of Science and Its Times, in 2001, estimates believed that “there will be 2 billion PCs in use worldwide as of 2014.” Today, computers have changed our modern society. Almost every human being is using a computer either by ordering out a drive thru at a fast food restaurant or even just surfing the web. Computers allow the world to be interconnected and people from all over the globe to communicate within seconds. To find the foundation of computers, we must look at the creation of the first computer and the innovations that led up to computer corporations. Next, we must examine the rise of large computer …show more content…
Another essential element in creating a computer is the knowledge of how to use electricity (“History, Development, and Importance”). All computers eventually develop the same basic components: a CPU, RAM, hard disk drive, input and output devices, and a constant power source (Goldsmith and Jackson). The first computer became the foundation of all computer development and innovations were created afterwards to support and improve upon it. According to the article “ENIAC” from World of Inventions, the first computer that required the use of electricity was called ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer) and it was designed by J. Presper Eckert and John Mauchly during World War II (“ENIAC”). Eckert and Mauchly’s ENIAC “contained 18,000 vacuum tubes and required 160,000 watts of power. It weighed thirty tons, and took up over 1,500 square feet” (“ENIAC”). In “The Development of Computer Assisted Mathematics” in Science and Its Times, ENIAC was built to use numbers to describe the behavior of explosives, high performance aircraft, and the weather (“Mathematics”). Even though ENIAC’s main use was for military purposes, it can also make meteorology calculations and help with nuclear weapons research (“ENIAC”). According to Brian Overland, a professional programmer of the C family of languages, “electronic . . . made it possible to use wires and vacuum tubes to stimulate logical operations,” and allowed for the use of wires and vacuum
During the late 19th and early 20th centuries Science & Technology have grown-up a radical contribution to industry, and the personal computer has become a defining symbol of our age. In 1940, it was not recognized that Science & Technology would develop into an innovative way that would intensely affect business, trade, the monetary world, administration, discipline, education, communications, entertainment, and society as a whole. Today, information technology and its applications persist to go forward progressively. Computers and communication technology will become even more precious to civilization as they are ever more able to distinguish
From a very simple invention satisfying man’s conviction to do better, the abacus dramatically encouraged the growth of trade wherever it was adopted, for it was well suited to any commercial calculation. Still used in the Soviet Union and in the Far East in the 20th century, the abacus was finally replaced worldwide by the cheap electronic calculator. (The Inventions, pg.10) In 1945, the world’s first fully electronic computer was completed at the University of Pennsylvania. It was called ENIAC-Electronic Numerical Integrator And Computer.
When ENIAC was announced in 1946, it was heralded in the press as a "Giant Brain." [8] It had a speed on the order of one thousand (103) times faster than that of electro-mechanical machines; this computational power, coupled with general-purpose programmability, excited scientists and industrialists
Today, computers are found everywhere and people rely upon them for travel directions, entertainment, purchasing products, and social interactions.
Currently, computers are used for everything in life. For example, from researching for a large essay project to playing video games with friends. “From the outset, computers were weighed for both military and commercial significance, and hence they straddled the very institutional boundaries that central to this study. It is also significant that computers became valuable research instruments in nearly all disciplines.” (Akera, 2). The first digital computer was constructed in 1946 by John Mauchly, a professor, and Presper Eckert, an inventor. “They met by chance in 1941 at the University of Pennsylvania’s Moore School of Engineering. They soon developed a revolutionary vision: to use electricity as a means of computing--in other words, to make electricity "think."” (McCartney, 1). They were ignored by their colleagues, but in 1943 they were becoming more well known and was funded by the U.S Army. The U.S Army was seeking for a contraption that can quickly calculate ballistic missile trajectories in wartime Europe and Africa (McCartney, 1). John Mauchly and Presper Eckert led a team that constructed the computer that occupied 1,800 square feet and weighed thirty tons. They named the large computer, ENIAC, Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer. The process of building this machine was not an effortless task, Mauchly and Presper and their team had to overcome many problems
There have been many advances since the initial invention of the computer fifty years ago. Today, computers operate many of the things that we use in everyday life. Some examples of these things are farm machinery, cars, planes, video games, heat and water delivery to our homes, banking, billing, and even the stock market. The advances of the computer have resulted in the
In today’s high-tech ultra-fast paced world, there can be no debate as to the importance of personal computers. Personal Computers control virtually every aspect of our daily lives. Businesses, regardless of their size, have local area networks, company Intranets and high-speed wide area networks. Billing, inventory and invoicing would be impossible without help from our Personal Computers. Stocks, bonds and commodities are traded in the markets around the world entirely by computer. The Banking industry relies enormously on Personal Computers for every transaction. Communicating without email, fax transmissions and other forms of computer aided information transfers would be
The ENIAC was the first computer to ever work successfully. ENIAC stands for Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer but for now we will call it ENIAC. The ENIAC’s design and construction was funded by the United States Army and the total cost was around $487,000. The basic machine cycle was 200 microseconds or 5,000 cycles per second for operations on the 10-digit numbers. In one of these cycles, ENIAC could write a number to a register, read a number from a register, or add/subtract two numbers, several tubes burned out almost every day, leaving it nonfunctional about half the time. Special high-reliability tubes were not available until 1948. Most of these failures occurred during the warm-up and cool-down periods.
The ENIAC was invented by John Mauchly and J.Presper Eckert, Jr.and built from 1943-1945. The ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Calculator), often referred to as the first computer, was built to supply the need for faster calculations. It started the information age and led to the development of the first commercial computers (The ENIAC).
But, we are way beyond the introduction stage of the ‘computer revolution’ – “where computers were curiosities of limited power used only by a few. We are definitely in a computer revolution” (Moor, 1998). “Now, entire populations of many developed countries are in the permeation stage of the revolution in which computers are rapidly moving to every aspect of daily life.” (Moor, 1998). As Terry Bynum and Simon Rogerson put it, “We are entering a generation marked by globalization and ubiquitous
How far we have come in such a small time. When you think that the personal computer was invented in the early 1980's and by the end of the millennium, several households have two PC's, it is an astonishing growth rate. And, when you consider business, I can look around the office and see that a lot of the cubicles contain more than one PC. It is astonishing to me that such an item has taken control over the information technology arena like personal computers. Consider, however, the items that go along with personal computers: printers; modems; telephone lines for your modem; scanners; the software; online access; and lets not forget, e-mail addresses.
Playing games on my father's computer as a child fascinated me in the way the computer works, how fast it develops, and now how the computer helps the world to communicate. It still amazes me in how fast computers change and how communication across the globe is enhanced with the computer. Computers have drastically changed how society lives and does business. Even small businesses can do global sales without leaving their location. With new strategies for business, comes cyber threats of identity theft and theft of intellectual property that brings information technology security and new laws into play. It is becoming a fast and ever challenging world. Computer science enables the ability to program software for protection against these kinds of threats and vulnerabilities. It also enables the ability to program artificial intelligence into the computer system software to enable society to meet their needs in more appropriate ways.
There are 7 individuals on the planet who hold the "key to the web." If in the occasion of a significant disaster the web is closed down these key holders will together have the capacity to reboot an essential piece of the framework. Computers are a radiant deed of engineering. They have developed from straightforward number crunchers to machines with numerous functions and abilities. Computers have gotten to be common to the point that practically every home has no less than one computer, and schools discover them a decent hotspot for data and training for their understudies. Computers have made new professions and dispensed with others and have left an enormous effect on our general public. The development of the computer has incredibly influenced expressions of the human experience, the business world, and society and history in numerous diverse zones, yet to see how extraordinary these progressions are, it is important to examine the sources of the computers. Innovation has changed the world and the future holds greater creations for every one of us. Numerous individuals have helped innovation. Three of the numerous individuals who have helped engineering are Tim Berners-Lee, Steve Ballmer, and Linus Torvalds. Without specific individuals we may have not seen a large portion of these new advances turning out so soon, but I believe the future holds more.
The first ever computer was invented in the 1820s by Charlse Babbage. However the first electronic digital computer were developed between 1940 and 1945 in the United States and in the United Kingdom. They were gigantic, originally the size of a large room, and also need to be supply a large amount of power source which is equivalent as several hundred modern personal computers. The history of computer hardware covers the developments from simple devices to aid calculation, to mechanical calculators, punched card data processing and on to modern stored program computers. The tools or mechanical tool used to help in calculation are called calculators while the machine operator that help in calculations is called computer. At first the
The use of the computer which was a gadget reachable only to limited organizations a few decades ago has now become a part and parcel of our daily lives. The large computer processors have given way to the simple laptops and this has made the very expensive computer a gettable device for the common man requiring very minimal computer literacy.