The Industrial Revolution
The Industrial Revolution is the name given to the movement in which machines changed people's way of life as well as their methods of manufacturer. It brought three important changes: inventions of machines that simplify and speed up the work of hand tools, use of steam (and other power) versus human power, adoption of a factory system. Workers were brought together under one roof and were supplied machines. The Industrial Revolution began throughout the world relatively during the same time period, and although it had its beginning in remote times, it is still continuing in some places.
By the eighteenth century all of Western Europe had begun to industrialize rapidly, but in England the process
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By 1936, Great Britain had electric power to the entire city. Russia also experienced rapid industrialization with the development of electricity.
There were many people who made excellent discoveries during the Industrial Revolution:
Jethro Tull (1674-1741) taught the importance of root crops. His most famous inventions were the seed drill (allowed for better germination of the seeds by planting underground -- away from animals and weather) and the horse hoe.
Lord Townshend also was involved with root crops. ''Turnip'' Townshend was famous for his cultivation of turnips and clover on his estate of Raynham in Norfolk. He introduced the four-course rotation of crops, which became one of the most popular and useful inventions of all time (wheat, turnips, oats or barley, clover)
Robert Bakewell (1725-1795) pioneered systematic stock breeding. Sheep had always been valued for wool and cattle for strength. Bakewell selected animals, inbred them, kept elaborate records and maintained his stock carefully all to establish food quality animals.
Matthew Boulton built a factory, which employed more than six hundred workers, and installed a steam engine to supplement power from two large waterwheels that ran a variety of lathes and polishing and grinding machines.
Josiah Wedgewood (1730-1795) In
America had a huge industrial revolution in the late 1800”s. Many changes happened to our great nation, which factored into this. The evidence clearly shows that advancements in new technology, a large wave of immigrants into our country and new views of our government, helped to promote America’s huge industrial growth from the period of 1860-1900.
The Industrial Revolution began in England because they had the best natural resources, they had a geographic advantage and they made changes in their agriculture.
Both Franklin and Carver had great success as inventors. However, where Franklin focused on inventions of all aspects, Carver worked in the realm of botany and agriculture. Throughout his career, Carver worked on the problem presented by the soil in the south. Due to overproduction of cotton, the once fertile fields had become dry and unusable. In order to increase production, Carver searched to find a new crop. His answer lay in sweet potatoes, and most importantly, the peanut. (“George Washington Carver”). These crops were able to nourish the soil to its former strength. However, the peanut crop scarcely had demand, so farmers felt there was no need to grow something that could not make a profit. Solving this problem is how George Washington Carver became the “peanut man”. Carver invented over 100 uses for the peanut. These uses included gasoline, plastics, and dyes. Due to Carver’s ingenious ideas, farmers who owned ill-fertilized soil could not grow products for a profit again by interchanging from cotton to peanuts every year. Carver was able to be a benefitting factor in the bettering of the agriculture economy. In fact, by 1920, there were enough peanut farms in the United States to form the United Peanut
George Washington Carver, one of the many geniuses in the field of agriculture, had a huge impact on America. Carver discovered many uses for peanuts and other common crops. His discoveries benefitted the soil and helped sustain the farmers in the South. Carver became an important figure during the age of industry. George W. Carver was a famous chemist who used his agricultural discoveries and inventions to contribute to education in the South.
Much of Western Europe quickly industrialized after Great Britain. If they did not, they were immediately outclassed by the British in trade and military strength. Industrialization made good use of the natural resources in a state. Some nations industrialized a while after Great Britain and were falling behind. Two of these states were Russia and Japan. These countries experienced change in governments, economic power, and social structure as a result of industrialization. Yet, these states went through their industrializations in very different ways than each other.
The Industrial Revolution began in England during the 18th Century. This revolution started out in England, and spread throughout Europe and North America. Many technologic and agricultural advances were made during this time. Factories became the main source of production, rather than in home workers. This resulted in many people living in rural areas to move into industrialized cities, which was called rural to urban migration. The Industrial Revolution started in England due to its supply of natural resources, advanced technology and inventions, and political freedom.
In contrast to Russia and Japan, Great Britain’s industrialization occurred differently. England was actually the first to industrialize and industrial Great Britain served as a model for Japan’s and Russia’s later on. Industrialization was a slow, organic process in England started after feudalism but did cause much of the populace to leave their farms and migrate to urban centers, causing the creation of tenements. However, England’s industrialization was privately incentivized. Rather than the government creating economic incentives to modernize, England’s few natural resources and therefore ambition to take the resources of others caused private capitalists to invest money into building factories and growing industries. And like Japan, England’s industrialization was very successful, as the technological advancements and new innovation allowed their superior military to overcome other countries and imperialize, take over new regions. Thus, even though industrialization in different countries around the world did have differences, industrialization as a process that countries go through have similar characteristics. It causes massive social changes and the growth of urban centers, development and innovations in not just the military but also
The Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain for several reasons. By the mid-1700's, the country had become the world's leading colonial
The industrial revolution began in England in the 1770s and expanded to areas in Prussia and Bohemia by the 1840s. The scope of industrialization was huge and forever changed the landscape of modern society by increasing production, national wealth, and technological advancement. However, it also resulted
The introduction of an a highly efficient steam engine by Thomas Watt in 1769 was undoubtedly a crucial factor in the advent of the industrial revolution. This made it possible for mills and later factories to be located nearly anywhere by eliminating the necessity of a running stream to provide power. It was the rise of the factory system of manufacture with its strategy for the specialization of labor which contributed most to the
Also, the cottage industry of England was not able to fulfill the demands of increasing population. The ratio of demand to supply increased tremendously as population doubled in less than half century. Therefore, people began to focus on the ways to improve the cottage industry. In 1765 cotton spinning jenny was invented by a carpenter named James Hargreaves. At the same time, Richard Arkwright invented the water frame in 1768. These two inventions triggered the production of the cottage industry and cotton became cheaper and affordable to all classes. The real breakthrough comes when James watt invented steam engine in 1776 which made possible the establishment of coal and iron factories to more suitable areas. Initially, steam engines were used for pumping water out of coal mines and in iron industry to create draft in blast furnaces. Steam power was efficiently applied to transportation, agriculture, and other technological sectors. In 1856, Henry Bessemer invented Bessemer Convertor that converted iron into cheaper and durable steel. Steel production
With all this agricultural expansion of the time population in England start expanding drastically as well. Thanks to population growth people started to worry more about new inventions and producing stuff for people to make our day to day lives easier than they could have ever before. With all the technological advancements leading up to Americas expansion and growth as a powerhouse among the larger nations it’s hard not to label this as one of the most marvelous eras in American history. Honestly, if it wasn’t for the Industrial Revolution this nation wouldn’t be near as large and advanced as it is. It’d still be in a process of development and still be advancing in technology and production but at a slower rate than what it did when this nation was hit by the effects of the Industrial Revolution.
The Industrial Revolution was the main contributor of the development of factories and modern day machinery. The Industrial Revolution created hundreds of new jobs, influenced many new inventions, and created many new ways of creating and transporting goods. Many jobs including spinners, miners, factory workers, and farmers were beginning to rise in population, due to the new technology being created in the 18th and 19th centuries. The start of new inventions coming into view was beginning in Britain, with many agricultural tools creating new ways to plow and yield crops. Later on, it caused new forms of transportation to be developed, for example, railroads and canals. This essay will explain exactly how these causes began, and how they
The Industrial Revolution was a period from the 18th to the 19th century where major changes in agriculture, manufacturing and technology had a profound effect on the socioeconomic and cultural conditions of the world. The Industrial Revolution began in the United Kingdom as large deposits of coal and iron were found throughout the land which brought the rise of factories and machines, the idea then subsequently spread throughout the world. It was perhaps one of the greatest moments in human history, as it gave rise to industrialization and the switch from manpower to machine power. It completely revolutionized the world and forever changed the course of humanity. However, many scholars and historians believe that the Industrial
This use of factories increased economic growth two-fold and “facilitated economies of scales in mass-produced goods and the introduction of new technology for accelerating production” (Evans 110). Mass production made usually expensive items, such as shoes, less expensive and easily affordable by lower class and less wealthy people, which improved the quality of life and spurred on more advancement. One such advancement was James Watt's improvement of the steam engine, which shifted factory power from water to steam, making possible steam driven machinery. This also led to an increased demand for iron and coal, which in turn led to an increase in the mining industries.