The first chapeter of the book is an introduction given by Mehmet Bulut. Main issues and arguments will start from the second chapter which has been written by Mehmet Bulut and titled: “The Importance of the Levant in the World Economy during the Early Modern Times”. In this chapter author mainly explains most important factors of the Turkish relations with European and Middle Eastern countries in the period of Ottoman reign. As author describes Ottoman Empire and European countries had close relation economically. In the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries many merchants were active in the trade of both bulky good and luxury commodities. The Ottoman exports mostly consisted of raw materials for textile production and imports consisted of raw materials used in war and weapons from the Western Europe. Ottomans opened their markets to French, English, and Dutch merchant who were the most active in Europe. The most important were Levant and the Silk Route in the trade between the Asia and Europe. Silk Route started from China and India and continued till Europe, passing through Central Asia, Levant, and Anatolia. …show more content…
A GCE Analysis for Free Trade in the D8” written by Mustafa Acar agues about free trade between the OIC countries. OIC is the second inter-governmental organization in the world after the United Nations. Organization of the Islamic Conference (OIC) includes 22.5 percent of world population, 6.6 percent of world GDP, and 9.1 percent of world trade, more than 70 percent of oil and nearly 50 percent of natural gas reserves of the world. Turkey, Iran, Nigeria, Indonesia, Malaysia, Egypt, Pakistan, and Bangladesh are the members of D8 (Developing 8) countries. Free trade between these countries will be beneficial and it will increase the trade volume and will bring welfare gains to each
HVI. AL-ANDALUS: The prosperity of Islamic Spain. Illustrated the far-reaching effects of long distance trade during the Abbasid era.
It analyzes the interaction between the Chinese, Indians, and Arabs. This chapter examines the trade situation before and after the European invaded. Around 1500, was the first time the trade began and it was one of the greatest generators of the economy. Therefore, it was really important for places like Asia, Africa, and Arabs to get access to the Indian Ocean.
In Macbeth, by William Shakespeare, Lady Macbeth arrays a daunting, chilling, and manipulating woman. Lady Macbeth's’ role is being Macbeth’s wife. Although they show a strong love for eachother, Lady Macbeth still has a pugnacious side to her. This character convinces a brave, strong warrior (Macbeth) to murder the righteous King Duncan (Scottish King). She is very power hungry, comparable to characters in other Shakespearean plays (like Caesar). If she did not manipulate, Macbeth may not have murdered. He may have stayed a humble, guilt free, and bold leader. Before the murder of the king, Lady Macbeth convinces Macbeth to, “look like an innocent flower, / But be the serpent under’t” (1.5.64-65). Meaning, be evil in your heart, but look
Islam soon acquired vast amounts of territory in Afro-Eurasia, and according to the map, “The Growing Worlds of Islam (900-1500),” it occupied an area from parts of central Asia to West Africa and Eastern Europe by the start of the sixteenth century. This map documents the phases of the growth of Islam for six hundred years, which combined with further analysis will reveal each step in the conquest of each new phase of territory. Controlling all of these nations created standardized trade and common business practices throughout the empire. Using already intact trade routes, such as the Silk Roads, documented in the map provided as document 1, the Islamic empire built an economic system that was unified by common religious beliefs. Comparing the trade routes mapped on both the Silk Roads map and the “The Growing Worlds of Islam (900-1500)” map, one can see that they are very similar, suggesting that they remained the same and that the Islamic empire just took over the control of each. Yet it was not just the Silk Roads that saw a revival at the hands of Muslim commercial excursions. The Mediterranean and Indian Ocean sea routes, as well as the trans-Saharan routes were given new life as well due to the Islamic empire. These routes not only produced trade, but they also opened up opportunities for new agricultural products and a sharing of ideas and innovations. These
The lust for territory seems to be the real source of conflict, and until one group is satisfied, the appearance of religious conflict will exist in the Middle East. It seems as if the real truth needs to be portrayed to the rest of the world about the true reason for the Arab-Israeli conflict, which is geography and ultimately water. The lack of water stems from the Great Syrian Rift Zone, and causes damage to Israeli land which ultimately decreases the amount of water that flows into the Red Sea. This lack of water causes Israel and other surrounding countries (Jordan, Lebanon, and the Occupied Territories) to only have one source of surface water, which is from Lake Kinnaret, or the Sea of Galilee that flows into the Jordan River.
If there was ever an important period historians, and people could put a finger on, this would be it. This is the important period where the world’s countries, kingdoms, and dynasties established trade routes. This is the period where countries were made and countries were destroyed because of the importance of trade and the importance of building a fundamental, religious, and economical way of life. This paper will discuss the goals and functions of trades, and traders, and a historical analysis of world trade. This paper will also get into world trade patterns, of The Americas, Sub-Saharan Africa, The Indian Ocean, The Silk routes, China and The South China Sea, Europe and The Mediterranean, and The Atlantic Exploration.
At the start of the 18th century, Middle Eastern countries witnessed their Eastern neighbors being overtaken by Western Europe and were faced with a choice: to pick apart or to be picked apart. It was from this dilemma that defensive developmentalism emerged in the Middle East. Empires such as the Ottomans, Persia, Tunisia, and Egypt began the process of centralizing their authority in order to assert effective control over their populations. The chief goal of defensive developmentalism for these empires was to assert their autonomy, whether that be autonomy from the Ottomans in the case of Egypt and Tunisia, or from outside imperialists in the Ottoman Empire and Persia. In order to accomplish these goals, defensive developmentalists undertook extensive reforms to establish their empires as relevant worldwide powers.
The rise of the Ottoman Empire started in Turkey and spread through most of the Middle East. Their military practice and successful transition to the use of gun powder made them one of the most successful ruling bodies in the Middle East. The Ottoman Empire which ruled until modern times had great influence on the Middle Eastern world. Their political and economic abilities astonished the western world. Their religious views and fears were instilled into any non-Muslim and helped the western world to find new trade. The rise of Christianity in the western world provided new ways to preserve the dead and ended the need for frankensence, the main export of the Ottoman Empire. This
A myriad of factors contributed to the inauguration of Outremer (as the crusader states shall be referred to throughout the entirety of the research paper) as the dominate political entity comprising the Levant region of the Middle East, predominately the methodology employed for the formation of Outremer; the reaction to religious discrepancies within the crusaders’ territorial expanse and its innovative characteristics comparative to contemporary Western Europe; the architectural constructions utilized to consolidate presence and superiority over enemies and subordinates; and the increased centrality provided to subjects of Outremer relative to antecedent Islamic rule.
He starts with Greeks, who were known for their power, wisdom and strength. They conquered the major part of the world with their bravery and large sized armies. And despite of being so powerful, influential and wise, the character “Othello” was not strong enough to speak to his beloved wife at least once about his suspicion. A secondary resource on it, “The disturbance of spirits” also highlights the major areas being effected in Arab world one of them was women in society” and “rich and poor”. It discusses about major behaviours among those people in that era. This writing also talks about changing in life patterns of Arabs in respect of development in society and the new ways of lives they started. This scholarly article discusses generally the history of Arabs and above mentioned issues have been raised in it.
Many of the problems in the Middle East today are a direct result of actions undertaken in the region 's colonial past. I will argue that both imperialist ineptitude, deliberate meddling and outright deceit by colonial powers have sown seeds of distrust that linger in the Middle East today towards the West. I will claim that artificial boundaries, government structures and societal schisms created in colonial times have entrenched animosities and created internal structural instabilities in the area that are still being resolved. The imposition of Israel into Palestine, I will argue, remains an unresolved product of colonial rule. I will discuss how the discovery of oil and the regions importance as a trade route caused the World Powers to remain engaged in the area and oppressive in their demeanour. Finally I will argue that perhaps the greatest ongoing legacy of colonialism in the Middle east is an imperialist attitude by the west which continues to this day.
This economic modernization in the Middle East, could only be a short term success which does not guarantee the successful and stable economic development of oil rich states and the region as a whole in the long term. The Middle East, despite its vast reserves of oil, is still considered a developing region due to the high reliance on oil revenues and rather weak production sector of the economy as well as due to some political factors such as lack of democracy, corruption, reluctance to the reforms and other issues. There are various reasons as to why the Middle East is still considered a developing region despite its oil wealth. Natural resource revenues have also been linked to slow economic growth rates, inequality, and poverty. One culprit may be "Dutch disease," which was discussed earlier. Other factors may include the volatility associated with commodity prices, which can have especially negative impacts on weak-state economies; and the underdevelopment of agricultural and manufacturing sectors during boom periods in resource-based economies. And even when oil abundance produces high growth, it often benefits only a few corrupt elites rather than translating into higher living standards for most of the population. Corruption is one of the economic deficiencies which can weaken economic growth and development; thus it is considered as an important impediment to economic growth and political stability, particularly in developing countries. The dependence on a
Arab is not a race, but is a group of individuals that are united by their culture and history (ADC, 2014). There are many different variations commonly based on a particular individual’s country of origin such as Arab Americans. Other variations are based on their social class, the level of their education, if they live urbanely or rurally, or the time they have spent in the United States (Lipson & Dubble, 2007). Most Arabs also practice Islamic religion and are Muslim. When working with an Arab or Muslim client, nurses should ask what the client wishes to be referred to so as not to offend them in any way (Lipson & Dubble, 2007).
Ever have had multiple times throughout my life when something seems so suspicious. In other words when I walk home and someone looks as if they may be following me, resulting because they chose to go a similar way or they look at me as you walk. In, “The Cask of Amontillado” by Edgar Allan Poe, the main character, Montresor, was seeking revenge on Fortunato. As we near the end of story, also known as the main climax point, we then learn that Montresor planned to bury Fortunato alive. The entire story leading up to this climax is the attempt and persuasion of Montressor to get Fortunato to move down to the catacombs. Characters, such as Montresor, have the feeling of revenge, but towards the end, has a sick feeling in his stomach as he finishes
Linguistics is the scientific study of the language and semantics is a branch of linguistics that deals with meanings, meaning of words alone and words in phrases. It focuses on the relation between signifiers, like words, phrases, signs, and symbols, and what they stand for, their denotation. The word semantics came from the Greek word Semantikos which means to show or give sign. Semantics refers to the meaning and interpretation of words, signs in language without context, it may refer to the whole text or one single word. For example, “residence” and “house” “destination” and last stop basically mean the same things, but the study of semantics distinguishes the refined difference between the two.