The Hippocampus: The Limbic System

The limbic system (or Paleomammalian brain) is a set of brain structures including the hippocampus, amygdala, anterior thalamic nuclei, and limbic cortex, which support a variety of functions including emotion, behavior, long term memory, and olfaction.[1] The term "limbic" comes from Latin limbus, loosely translating as "border" or "belt".

The hippocampus, which is the Latin word for seahorse, is named because of the shape it holds (Hippocampus). It is the neural center in the limbic system (Myers, 368). This system is located in the temporal lobe, close to the center of the brain. The hippocampus is essentially involved with the storage of long-term memory, especially of past knowledge and experiences (Hippocampus). The hippocampus is also vitally important to the creation of new memories, and without it humans would always be living in the past.

This region mediates motivational behaviors, emotions states, and memory processes. The limbic system also regulates body temperature, blood pressure, and blood sugar level. The hippocampus is a part of the limbic system that plays an important role is emotions, learning, and memory. Amygdala also plays an important role in the limbic system, it helps regulates aggression, eating, drinking, and sexual behavior. Another main region in the limbic system is the hypothalamus, it monitors levels of glucose, salt, blood pressure, and hormones. The hypothalamus also helps regulate processes in the body through its connection to the central and autonomic nervous system and

The brain and the distinct parts have countless duties but one of the utmost vital ones is assembly and retain new memory. In the Brain… it says, “Structures within the temporal lobe, a region of the brain near your ears, are responsible for different types of learning.” Page 5. The temporal lobe aids learning and saves the information that can be used later. Learning is key to help humans and animals to survive and thrive. Learning allows living beings to be able to do old tasks and new tasks. “… The hippocampus gathers all of the sensory aspects of the event and conducts soon initial processing of these sensory elements into a neurological format that elements that are not completely understood.” Said in the Brian, page 6. The hippocampus keeps a

involved in memory storage. The hippocampus is a place in the brain that is used to

The hippocampus is a component of the brain that is used for memory. Neuroscientist now know this because of a patient who received surgery on his hippocampus and it caused his memory to be altered. The study of the patient led to many new discoveries of human memory and how it is specifically related to the hippocampus. The patient known as H.M. had surgery on his brain.

Finally, the forebrain, located at the front of the brain, allows for complex emotional reactions, cognitive processes, and movement patterns. Withing the forebrain is the thalamus, hypothalamus, and the limbic system. The thalamus is the part of the brain

The hippocampus is critically involved in certain kinds of memory. During memory formation, it may operate as an integrated unit, or isolated parts may be responsible for different functions. Recent evidence suggests that the hippocampus is functionally differentiated along its dorsoventral (septotemporal) axis. The cortical and subcortical connections of the dorsal and ventral hippocampus are different, with information derived from the sensory cortices entering mainly in the dorsal two-thirds or three-quarters of the dentate gyrus. Rats can acquire a spatial navigation task if small tissue blocks are spared within this region, but equally large blocks at the ventral end are not capable of supporting spatial learning. In primates, the posterior

Another part of the brain is hypothalamus. It is a quite strong and tiny portion of the brain located below and in front of the thalamus.it regulates emotions and some

The brain resides in the cranium, and is a perplex organ of several tissue layers and neural networks (Tang-Schomer, et al., 2014). Some parts of the brain include the cerebral cortex and thalamus, which support cognition and relay signals, respectively. Furthermore, the brain is responsible for both autonomic and somatic bodily mechanisms (OpenStax College, 2013). Considering the diversity of structural functions within the brain, the brain’s overall function is an executive one that controls the nervous system by means of perceiving and communicating electrical signals.

The hippocampus is part of the limbic system that controls the emotions and autonomic nervous system. The hippocampus controls long-term and short-term memory. It is located in the medial temporal lobe of the brain behind the Amygdala (Hayhurst, 2002). The hippocampus links memory and emotion together,

Located in the medial temporal lobe of the brain, hippocampus plays a critical role in allowing people to consolidate recent information and events.

According to Lu and Bludua, the outer layer of the cerebral hemisphere is called the cerebral cortex, which is the outer layer of the brain. Under the cortex is the limbic system, which consists of the amygdala, hippocampus, thalamus, and hypothalamus. In the temporal lobe, the amygdale purpose is to store and process strong feeling such as fear. Behind the amygdala is the hippocampus, which channels making memories and learning into short term memory. Then short term memory converts into long term memory. On the top of the brain stem is the thalamus. The thalamus is the “central processing center of the limbic system” (Lu & Bludau, 2011) which accumulates, processes, and distributes limbic and sensory information to the cerebral cortex. Beneath the thalamus is the hypothalamus. The hypothalamus maintains homeostasis and the body’s equilibrium. To keep the system at a set point, the equilibrium monitors body temperature, blood pressure, body weight, fluid

Hippocampus belongs to the limbic system of the brain. In 1960, O'Keefe and Lynn Nadel continued to investigate the functions of hippocampus. The behavioural inhibition theory was defined and justified many questions regarding functions of hippocampus. Eventually their investigations have been published an influential book, “The Hippocampus as a Cognitive Map” (O'Keefe et al, 1978). The spatial coding such as spatial memory and navigation is the functions of hippocampus are universally accepted as with the memory theory (Nadel et al, 1975; Moser et al, 2008). Simultaneously full-fledged work was conducted to investigate the functions of the hippocampus related with anxiety. Connections between cerebral cortex and associated areas

The hypothalamus is the part of the brain that regulates body temperature, emotions, hunger, thirst, sleeping and waking. This part of the brain also controls the pituitary gland and regulates hormones. Damage or loss to the hypothalamus will most likely result in unusual happenings with your hormones.