In The Working Poor, David Shipler relates the plight of the invisible poor in America, sharing the stories of laborers across the nation who work but cannot get a firm grip on the slippery surface of the American dream. Shipler also touches on, but does not fully explore, the even thornier path of the disabled, impoverished individual in America. Although a relatively large segment of the population (10-20 percent of the United States population is disabled), the disabled poor encounter setbacks in their struggle to succeed in a world where one’s worth is often judged by one’s economic and educational attainment. A blind and impoverished woman from Eastern Europe directly states that the disabled poor "depend on everyone; no one wants us. …show more content…
Because it is difficult to determine the line between whether something is “limiting” or just an inconvenience, and it is open to interpretation what “life activities” consist of, this definition is vague. There are many different types of disability that individuals suffer.
Some are more acutely caused or exacerbated by poverty than others, but many of these disabilities are caused specifically by the childhood environment typical of impoverished families. While physical disabilities are more easily identified, cognitive and behavioral disabilities are extremely common among the poor and, because of their difficulty to detect, classify and treat, are sometimes more debilitating.
Children in poverty are more at risk for conditions indicative of future disability, such as asthma, lead poisoning, chronic illness, low birth rate and learning disabilities (Pokempner and Roberts 6). Because of shortages of decent housing, especially in urban areas, poor families are forced to inhabit low-income housing that often falls short of government standards regarding toxins in the home. Unlike children in middle-class homes, poorer children are exposed to high amounts of lead dust from old painted surfaces and furnaces
(which can cause lead poisoning), as well as airborne mold and dust particles from the decay of older housing and exposure to other asthma causing elements such a cockroaches and draughts. The home itself may trigger asthma, which is “now the
In David K. Shipler’s book, The Working Poor Invisible in America the reader is provided a peek into the personal stories of the inner lives of eight families struggling inside the vicious cycle of poverty. Shipler’s method of interviews, narratives of personal stories and observation represents an innovative study investigating the working poor in an attempt to understand “how people in real communities devise collective responses to their problems (Segal, 2010).”
Lead, a naturally occurring metal and can be used in almost everything. It can cause serious health issues if it is exposed for a long time, particularly in children as they are more susceptible to absorbing and retaining lead in their bodies. Each year, in the United States 310,000 of 1- to 5-year age group are found to have unsafe levels of lead in their blood, which can cause a wide range of symptoms. (1)
The novel, “The Working Poor” by David K. Shipler gives us an inside look into the lives of the lower class and he explores exactly what it means to do hard, exhausting but honest work in America. The working poor are working people whose incomes fall below the poverty line. While poverty is often associated with joblessness, a significant proportion of the poor are actually employed. Shipler teaches us that just because you have finally become employed does not mean that most or all of your worries are over, often times they are increased. Largely because they are earning such low wages, the working poor face numerous obstacles that make it difficult for many of them to find and keep a job, save up money, and maintain a sense of self-worth. Shipler did an amazing job bringing light to the “forgotten America”.
All children should be offered the same opportunities. Local policy will be based on national policy but with information relevant to the local area (e.g. contact details, list of professional bodies etc.)
The author David K. Shipler wrote his book based on field research he got from conducting interviews with various poverty stricken people, information on companies and their effect on said people, and information on the government and its effect on the “working poor”. He investigates the lives of various women and men living in America who are dealing with poverty, trapped in poverty, and trying to escape poverty.
The author David K. Shipler had an urge to reveal a hidden part of society, which was America’s working poor in 1977. Shipler’s goal was to let the hidden and forgotten part of society is known; which were employed workers that are still struggling to survive. He had confidence in letting people know about the large portion of American society is poor or struggling. Shipler devoted six years of his life to create particular stories about different people and situations throughout his book. Shipler use of research method was processed by interviewing eight different families about their inner lives. This method gave his readers visual of the invisible part of America society by taking his readers on a journey into the world of the working poor by presenting their struggles. He provides the reader with understanding of workplaces, homes, personal thoughts and feelings of the working poor. In each chapter, combines shared experiences and interviews, from different parts of the working poor such as legal and illegal immigrants working in America. Shipler also describes the lack of housing, wages, and health care they receive. Chapters in this book were stories
The amazing statistic that is offered by scorecard is that more than half of these are located in areas where people live below the poverty level. While ample information about Lead-based paint and lead-contaminated dust in older buildings are widely advertised and addressed and pose the biggest risk to the lead poisoning in children, there are other sources of lead exposure. Such as in contaminated air, water and soil as well as batteries, home renovations, auto repair shops, and improper storage and disposal of lead containing products
Poverty has been known to affect certain groups harder than others; people who are more at-risk of being struck by poverty include people with disabilities, children, aboriginal people, single parents, and new Canadians. Poverty is not known to have one single cause, instead it is a complex mix of causes based on each individual case. It can be the result of the social assistance programs that families and individuals are forced to rely on as a mean of support, perhaps cultural barriers stand in the way, or perhaps education, whatever the reason it is a difficult cycle to break. There is a relationship between poverty and poor health, lower productivity, lower educational attainment, and children’s future outcomes. According to Maxwell (2009), Micro data from the National Population Health Survey found that 73% of Canadians with the highest incomes have reported their health as excellent, while 47% of Canadians with the lowest rated their overall health as
Everyone is susceptible to the dangers of lead contamination; but children are especially at risk. High levels of lead in children can lead to brain and kidney damage and damage to red blood cells. Low levels of lead can also cause problems that are less life-threatening but can be just as devastating, like low IQ, hearing and language impairment, reduced attention span and poor school performance. In adults, exposure to lead can lead to an increased risk for high blood pressure. Pregnant women and their fetuses are extremely vulnerable to lead. In women, lead increases the risk of infertility and miscarriages; in fetuses, lead can cause low birth weight, premature birth and impaired mental and physical development.
Of all social determinants of health, we can agree that the most insidious and universal might be poverty because this economic factor influence health in several ways, and it can be both physically and mentally damaging. Poverty affects every aspect of our lives; it determines the distribution of resources; the food we can afford, the access and ability to health care, the level
There are multiple reasons to expect that a person's lead exposure as a child could affect
In William Shakespeare's Hamlet, the lead character, Prince Hamlet of Denmark, has been interpreted in numerous ways. Throughout the play Hamlet takes on different personas, making it hard define him as only one character type. Often when critics analyze the character of Hamlet, they question his sanity because of his ambiguity soon after he sees his father's ghost. What does it mean to be insane? The definition of the word "insane" says that the person must "exhibit serious and debilitating mental disorders." does Hamlet truly go insane, is his father's ghost just a figment of his tormented imagination, or is Hamlet a smart actor who meticulously planned to avenge his
Poverty and poor health worldwide are inseparably related. Poor health is a direct effect of growing up in poverty; as children living in low economic families may not have access to adequate medical health coverage. Which means the child will not have proper immunization and checkup that they need to ensure good health. Studies show when a child grows up in poverty the child can be underweight (Boyden). Poor under lined illness may also lead to issues throughout a lifespan. Poverty increases neglect of health issues. That causes more health problems which ends in death. Statistics also show that living in poor rule areas, with low quality schools. Even if the parents are highly educated and employed, the employment
The Working Poor: Invisible in America gives an accurate depiction of the social problems and social policies that are designed to keep the poor, poorer. Shipler uses a variety of stories to depict social welfare programs like the minimum wage act, immigration, Social Security Income (SSI) and Social Security Disability (SSD), healthcare act, Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC), drug addiction, sexual abuse, Individual Education Plans (IEP), and the gender pay gap along with many others. The overarching theme throughout the book was that the working poor never make enough money to cover their expenses and the wage never goes up enough over the span of their lifetime.
Poverty can lead to serious effects. Children who grow up in poverty are likely to have frequent health problems than the children who grow in better financial circumstances. For example, infants who are born into poverty have a low birth weight, and they grow up with mental or physical disabilities. Not only are they sick, but they are most likely to die before their first birthday. Children who are raised in poverty might miss school often because of their illnesses, and they have a much higher accident rate than the other children. Nearly a billion of the world’s population can’t read nor write. Poor families experience stress much more than a normal family does. They are more likely to be exposed to negative events such as illness, job loss, death of a family member, and depression. Homelessness is another effect of poverty. Homeless children are less likely to receive proper nutrition, protection and they experience more health problems. Around 1.4 million children die each year from lack of access to safe and clean water and proper nutrition. Homeless women experience a high rate of low birth weight infants as well as miscarriages. Families who do not have homes receive much more stress than other families. They also have disruption in school, work, friendships, and family relationships. There are other effects of poverty such as drug abuse and addiction, child and woman abuse, debts pressure, and increase in crimes.