The Ethics Of Care Ethics

Ethic of justice is defined as “fairness and equality, verifiable and reliable decision-making based on universal rules and principles, autonomy, objectivity and impartibly, positivistic rationally.” Ethic of care is defined as care, involvement, empathy and maintaining harmonious relations, holistic, contextual and need-centered nature, extended communicative rationality.” The ethic of justice is described as fairness and equality, rational decision-making according to the universal rules and principles, and autonomous, fair and unbiased decision-making. In the other hand, the ethic of care is described as caring, involving and the maintaining of harmonious relationships from a need-centered, holistic and contextual point of view. The ethic of justice is treating everyone equally regardless of the situation, however, the ethic of care is generally treating an individual based on the situation; decision will be made on based on the motivations and need of an individual. Botes implies that using only one of these perspective of decision making can result to remain some of the ethical dilemmas unresolved. Botes’s suggestion for professor is to balance between the justice perspective with the care perspective when making ethical decisions, with the result that the solution would lie within the combination of both the ethics of justice and ethics of

In health and social care, four key Ethical Principles that are taken into account during these settings. Which are:

The following memo was developed through deep reflection on the necessary decisions which lead to determine what possible areas of knowledge would be of importance to be analyzed, and the diverse methods and instruments that supported the understanding of the phenomena observed in the areas to be further discussed. In this vein, as a group, we decided to select articles that discuss the Ethics of Care Theory as a paradigm for nursing education. The reasons of our choice were, first due to a general knowledge about Ethics of Care Theory and its relationship with education; and second, the field of nursing provided a neutral arena for our discussions. None of us is related to nursing or any health-related educational

Ethics is a strongly culturally linked area of philosophy interrelated with what is considered acceptable human conduct. There are two branches of ethics; medical ethics and bioethics. The moral conduct and principles which govern practices of medical and health professionals falls under medical ethics, whereas in biomedicine and the health sciences theorised developments in the study of social and moral issues is considered bioethics(1). There are two philosophical principles within the conduction of health care research these are deontology and utilitarianism. Deontology is an approach to ethics that focuses on the rightness or wrongness of actions themselves, as opposed to the rightness or wrongness of the consequences of those actions (2). Utilitarianism states that the most benefit

care ethic is as valuable a moral orientation as an ethic of justice. She claimed that justice and care

Aristotle and Rita Manning both have different theories when it comes to ethics. Aristotle uses virtue ethics to answer questions about morality whereas Manning uses what is called ethics of caring to do the same thing. Virtue ethics claims people’s actions aim towards the highest good of happiness. From happiness, moral virtue stems from reasons governing the desires of the soul. Manning on the other hand believes that moral actions extend from people caring for one another on a personal level. By developing the ability to care for others, people become morally aware of how to act in certain situations. When the question of: “how ought I live my life?”

The four caring phases are caring about, taking care of, giving care, and receiving care. These phases necessitate emotion, cognitive, and action plan for care (Lachman, 2012). Caring about is the first phase of the Tronto Ethics of Care Model. This refers to as a common feeling of taking responsibility. In this phase, the nurse identifies the need for pain intervention when she assesses the patients’ pain (Lachman, 2012). In the second phase (taking care of), in this phase, the nurse conscientiously recognized that the level of pain the patient is having and then takes action (third phase or giving care) to the patient pain. Taking action involves placing a phone call to the provider to get a prescription order

Ethics of care is a theory that tries to explain actions as right or wrong. Held defines ethics of care as a well-defined theoretical approach that stands for an alternative to moral theories such as deontological and utilitarian ethics. She argues that ethics of care focuses more on personal relationships and communal ties. While bringing in the concepts of cluster of practices and values into care, she gives a description of a caring person as one who possesses appropriate motivation to care for others and who partakes adeptly in effective practices of caring (Held, 2006). She goes on to support the notion of limiting both market provisions for care and the need for legalistic thinking in ethics, insisting that care ethics possesses superior

It is widely known that some people possess personalities that have the natural ability to be more empathetic and caring towards others compared to other people. Unfortunately, the stereotype and generalizing of viewing women as automatically more empathetic than men is also prominent in today’s culture. This fundamental image of women and men possessing different views on morality is discussed with Carol Gilligan’s theory of “care ethics” which is more based on feministic views compared to Kohlberg’s “justice ethics” which focuses on the moral development of boys (Caputo, 2000).

Feminist Care Ethics is a moral theory that is mainly focuses on emotions and caring for those we are responsible for. There are many features within this theory. First, the main focus of feminist care ethics is attending to whom we are responsible for. The theory acknowledges that throughout a lifetime there are times where people will need to be cared for whether it is in their early years or later. Those who are responsible for a person in need of care have an obligation to care for them. For example a mother to her dependent child or a daughter to her ill mother or father (Held, 2006, p. 478-9). Second, what is considered to be moral or immoral should be based off of valued emotions. Valued emotions are sympathy, empathy, sensitivity, and responsiveness. These are valued because they are considered kind and moral. I support this part of the theory because other moral theories rely on reason and rationalistic deductions and calculations in order

Another important theory to look at is the ethic of care. This theory was investigated by both Lawrence Kohlberg and Carol Gilligan. While both conclude different theories of the way one develops and applies the ethic of care, it is clear they agree that the amount of care one naturally has, depends on the way situations are handled, especially situations involving others. Kohlberg began his investigation wondering why some people follow rules strictly while other would risk doing bad things for the greater good. To do this, he interviewed children in Israel, giving them a situation where a man would steal medicine for his dying wife, and observed their reactions. One boy agreed to steal the medicine, while the girl said it simply wasn’t right

Ethics and Morals play an important role in the nursing profession; nurses are confronted with choices to make every day, and some of them more challenging than others. Ethics are affirmations between what it can be right or erroneous. For our society ethics is presented as a complex system of principles and beliefs. This system serves as an approach with the purpose of ensuring the protection of each individual within the society. On the other hand, morals are basic standards between what is right or wrong; each individual learns to identify these standards during the early stages of human development (Catalano, 2009). A person with morals is usually somebody who recognizes how to respond to the needs of another individual by giving care and keeping a level of responsibility while giving this care (Catalano, 2009).

Virtue ethics and care ethics are remarks as an identical of philosophical approaches. Both ethics more reflects each in many ways of behavioral approaches. Virtue ethics is one of the questioning approach which is based on morality. Virtue ethics always comes with question and answer methodology. So, virtue ethics has several answers to rely on for any ethics of moral questions. The most common answers are the religions answer, which is full of rule and regulation for good life to live as human being, Utilitarianism is an idea of make happy for the majority and avoid pain or suffer, and Kantian ethics (deontological ethical theory ) is the wrongness or rightness of actions that not comes from the consequences, it's from duties of moral ethics.

The research discussed in this paper has shown similar findings in the benefits of self-care. Different practices such as utilizing social support through friends and family members, using private time to work on distancing oneself from stressors or trauma of work and placing personal needs first at home. Now it is time to explore the validity, and generalizability of the findings presented. Although multiple studies came to the same conclusions of ways to alleviate and prevent burnout and were able to identify leading causes to burnout having a control group to test coping skills is difficult due to ethical concerns. Ethical concerns would be the repercussions of not having an individual practice self-care during potentially stressful situations.

The ethics of treating a human being as such and the social benefits of caring for the health needs of the imprisoned, alone, could be justified to encourage improvement of health care policy concerning prison health care. Nevertheless, there may be a need to consider the legality of inmate health care also. Some may reason by law, it would proper to divest inmates of all rights, including health care. According to the earlier positions, the courts held on inmates’ rights, this was the case. Prisoners did not have rights and considered, by some, slaves of the state. In 1871, the case of Ruffin v. Commonwealth illustrates this was the position taken by early courts and states that inmates have, “as a consequence of his crime, not only forfeited his liberty, but all his personal rights except those which the law in its humanity accords to him. He is for the time being the slave of the state" (Ruffin v. Commonwealth, 1871).However today, the courts do not seem to take the same stance on inmates’ rights as earlier courts, including those of health care. Examination of the law and court rulings can reveal that prisoners ostensibly do have rights, such as health care, and that we as citizens seem to be obligated ethically and socially to uphold such rights. To establish the health care rights of prisoners, consideration of three laws may be essential, the Civil Rights Act of 1871, the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution, and the Eight Amendment to the Constitution. The