The Effects of the Crusades on the Civilization of Europe. Essay

The changes that took place regarding trade between 300-1450 impact other parts of history. One effect of the occurrence of trade in this region was the

the conquest of sedentary agricultural peoples and the extraction of tribute and labor from them.

Since warfare and disease made life unbearable, everyone from the common serfs to the prosperous king looked to Church for direction on the key to a happy afterlife (Document 9). People paid heavy taxes/gifts and devotion to guaranteed themselves in themselves a place in the Church since their births (Document 9). This showed how they had much power over all the other classes in medieval society, especially when the Truce of God was proclaimed to control knights from committing felonies on holy days (Document 4 and

their farms going while they were away, but when they got back they were forced to paid money.

The Great African Land Race: Expanding European Territory Since the 1500’s, Europeans have been utilizing Africa as a center for trading and slavery. But in the early 1880’s, Africa became more of an interest to Europeans like King Leopold who wanted to expand their control over the world. The rush to conquer the mysterious continent began. Many factors caused Europeans to take part in land grabbing; however, the largest force driving Europeans towards imperialism in Africa was the desire for power through riches and natural African resources, which allowed Europeans to expand their economy and territory. Europeans quickly began to seize as much land as they could in Africa in order to win the great race for power.

work for landowners in exchange for food and shelter. Another economic change was the discovery of

In fact the sole purpose of these kingdoms was trade and they were little interested in administering their kingdoms for any other purpose. Conquest as a source of revenue was not needed as they could bring in wealth through trade relations.

to move anywhere, although they may have lost some territory in the north to the

Since half the population had gone the laborers were gradually getting an increase in payment. Now often the landlords had to pay the laborers because the tenants would no longer do it for free.

As the Atlantic route expanded, accounting for nearly two thirds of all Africans leaving the continent, it created systems for the gruesome work of collecting and exporting slaves and brought the expansion of a system of slavery in Africa itself. The rising prices for slaves, steadily driven by increasing American demand, powerfully influenced local African developments where slave trade was well established. For example, in some cases such as Kingdom of the Kongo to the south of the Zaire or Congo River, slave trade was quickly organized from a region that had only limited slavery and became a steady exporter of slaves

Even though the clergymen needed to find ways to administer laws, produce harvests, and protect their territories, conforming to manorialism was not theologically sound or practical for all people. First of all, the ecclesiastics understood that if their roles were the spiritual guidance for the people and the warriors were the church's protection, then they needed someone to support their endeavors. Secondly, it was predetermine that duties of the supporters were beneath the vassals and the clergy, therefore, the people that performed these tasks were less than themselves. This "luckless breed" was not able to own anything with the exception of what it took for them to work (Perry, Chase, Jacob, Jacob, & Von Laue, 2013, p. 221). Coupled

“Supported by the labor and taxes of the peasants, the lord, and his wife would seem to have had a comfortable life… For seven years pages were schooled in religion, music, dancing, riding, hunting, and some reading, writing, and arithmetic… The nobles enjoyed hunting, games, and tournaments.” (Middle Ages). Nobles got lucky opportunities to be knights, rich, powerful, etc.

lords, vassals, and fiefs (Stubbs, 2014). In exchange for living and working on the lord’s

Nobles were treated better than peasants. Their lives were special in terms of food, clothes, and houses.

The Lord then gave pieces of land, which called fiefs to the knight in exchange for loyalty and protection. This was really discouraged commerce, so the farming techniques were low level, and earnings were generally not high. In their order ranks, the lord will take rule over the peasants that work