The Development Goals Of The United Nation 's Children Fund

According to the MDGs progress report; maternal mortality ratio stands at 16 in the developed countries, 220 in South Asia and 500 in Sub-Saharan Africa (UNDP, 2012). Lack of access to and utilization of health care services for delivery are among the main reasons for the high maternal and neonatal mortality rates in these regions (WHO, 2012). Maternal death can occur anytime in pregnancy, but delivery is by far the most dangerous time for both mother and baby (UNICEF, 2012).

Some people wonder why we as a species get fascinated with the allure of fear and the way it frightens us. It could be the imagination our brain creates to scare itself, or possibly the strange unknown… What we don’t understand that makes the phobia come up to the surface and controls our body and mind. In social media, and the content we consume, there are artists and creators that develop it that’s supposed to scare the skeleton out of our skin. How they do it is from transformations.

Free will, by definition, is “the power of acting without the constraint of fate.” Throughout Shakespeare’s play, Macbeth, the question brought up is whether the future of Macbeth is determined by free will or fate. Macbeth has his future prophesied for him by three witches. Although Macbeth’s future is predetermined for him, the first fulfilled prophecy of the witches is a result of Macbeth making his own decision to murder Duncan and become king.

Black R E., Cousens S., Johnson, H. L., Lawn, J. E., Rudan, I., Bassani, D. G., Jha, P., Campbell, H., Walker, C.F, and Cibulskis, R (2010) Global, regional and national causes of child mortality; a systematic analysis. Lancet 375 (9730); 1969-1987.

The fifth goal is to increase maternal health in countries with a focus on reducing the maternal mortality rate by three-fourths and universal access to reproductive health both by 2015. Despite a 43% reduction in maternal deaths since 1990, there are still a large number of women who die during childbirth from preventable causes such as hemorrhaging (United Nations, 2015, p. 38).

The birthrate and maternal mortality rate are high in this country. Diarrheal dehydration and malaria are endemic. Less than half the people are not vaccinated and infections are three times worse in these rural areas. For every 1,000 people in Benin there are approximately 36.51 births. The death rate for every 1,000 people is about 8.39. The infant mortality rate for males is around 60.26 deaths per 1,000 births, females is 53.76 per 1,000 births. Life expectancy for males is averaged out at 59.75, a female’s life expectancy is slightly high at 62.47 years of

mothers during their pregnancy period as well as during and after birth which ultimately will greatly contribute towards the survival of the child. Poor families are often unable to obtain even the most basic health care for their children. Poor or delayed care-seeking contributes to up to 70% of all under-five child deaths. Of the 12 countries where more than 20% of children die before their fifth birthday, nine have suffered a major armed conflict in recently. Countries with weak and fragile health systems have not been able to provide effective child survival strategies that are crucial to reduce under-five child deaths, and especially neonatal deaths. Basic health services have been lacking as well as nutrition, water supplies and sanitation

In 2013, 289 000 women died during pregnancy and childbirth and it was estimated that everyday 800 women all over the world died from childbirth or childbirth-related problems (World Health Organization, 2014). Often, maternal mortality is found to occur more often in developing countries than developed countries. Maternal mortality refers women who died from the situation like during pregnancy, termination of pregnancy within 42 days, regardless of duration and place of pregnancy, from aggravation caused by the pregnancy or pregnancy management (Nwagha et al, 2010). Maternal mortality may be resulted from direct or indirect cause. Direct causes are from obstetric complications of pregnancy, labour, and puerperium, and interventions whereas indirect causes are from the worsening of current conditions by pregnancy or delivery (Givewell, 2009). This paper aims to examine the causes for maternal mortality in both developed and developing countries and will end with a proposal for government to ensure women are given reproductive health rights.

Busari reported that a Danish aid worker Anja Ringgren Loven rescued a two-year-old boy, Hope, from Uyo, South Nigeria (Busari 2016). According to Busari, Hope had been living on the streets and was surviving on scraps of food (Busari 2016). Hope was pervaded with worms and was in dire need of medical attention when Loven found him (Busari 2016). Loven posted on Facebook “Thousands

Stated on nichd.nih.gov, “There are many different causes of infant mortality, from infection to birth defects or accidents. The main causes of infant mortality in the United States are different than the main causes of infant death around the world”. Most common causes of infant mortality rate in the U.S include birth defects, SIDS, and pregnancy complications. On the contrary causes of infant mortality rate worldwide include neonatal encephalopathy, blood infections, and diarrheal diseases. Maternal health is a risk factor for newborn health.In order to decrease infant mortality rates, developing countries have to start postnatal care programs or should have been initiated earlier as stated on

Around the world, 830 women die every day from preventable complications during pregnancy and delivery (“Maternal mortality” 1). A death during a pregnancy or within 42 days of delivery is referred to as a maternal death (Semba and Bloem 34). The issue of maternal death in developing countries is an often unaddressed and urgent need. Things like poverty, a lack of access to quality healthcare, and cultural practices are causing maternal mortality rates in developing countries to be unnecessarily high (“Leading and underlying causes of maternal mortality” 1). Mothers in developing countries are needlessly dying, but organizations like Delivering Hope International (DHI) have heard their cry and rushed to provide the tools and care these women so desperately need.

In poverty stricken, under developed countries there are limited resources, which make it difficult for many to obtain lifesaving vaccinations. More resources need to be made available for these counties and opportunities to help vaccinate children

Pregnancy, for most people, is a gift and a blessing. Moreover, mothers tend to start preparing their minds, bodies, and homes for this change way before it happens. In high-income countries, women are widely educated on the responsibilities and risks that come with being pregnant and are given pre-natal help during pregnancy. In fact, these lucky women will also receive the highest quality care during the delivery and post-partum. On the other hand, maternal deaths in these countries are one in 4,900, but in the sub-Saharan Africa area, where poverty is all people know, the death rates are one in 36 births. Those discrepancies are due to gender inequality, socioeconomic differences, and race. The social-conflict framework works best with this topic because of all the mentioned above.

Since decades child health have persisted in debilitating conditions throughout the world particularly in developing countries where child mortality rates remain elevated. Eight Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) were proposed by United Nations in 2000 for its member states to be achieved by 2015. These MDGs provided guidance and direction to the national and global health priorities. Out of these eight MDGs, goal 4 was related to children mortality and target was set to reduce by two third, the under-five mortality rate in 2015 (WHO, 2014). The progress of MDG 4 was significant globally and the number of deaths in under 5 years of children dropped down to 6.6 million in 2012 compared to 12.6 million in 1990 (WHO, 2014). Whilst its burden

With immunization, a country’s growth can be boosted, as immunization makes economic sense. Though there are some challenges in being able to vaccinate all target children, UNICEF has made major initiatives and major progress.