Our topic of focus will be deaf individuals, both male and female, ages six through twelve in Erik Erikson’s stage of Industry versus Inferiority. We chose the deaf because they are a vulnerable population with a small community, and face language and communication barriers which can affect development. Since we were born with no hearing loss, we felt it is important to understand how we as future Registered Nurses (R.N.) can communicate effectively with these children. We want to be able to provide well rounded care, and give these families the most positive experiences possible. As we proceed, many of our sources are older than five years. Studies regarding the deaf don’t occur very often so resources regarding statistics in particular of this population are few and far between (Deaf Culture Competencies and Best Practices, 2014). Because of this, we felt it was important to include them regardless of their age because of the great insight and information they provide pertaining to the deaf population in general and within healthcare.
The United States traditional majority consists of white, middle class individuals who speak English. We chose to focus on the United States in general because deafness is not associated with one state alone, but all over the world. Based on a survey taken between 1988 and 1994, 14.9% of children age six through nineteen experienced hearing loss (Hearing Loss in Children, 2015). Compared with the traditional majority, the children affected
Mark Drolsbaugh’s Deaf Again book gives a detailed account of his experience with becoming deaf in both a hearing and deaf world. It includes the awkwardness and un-comfortability he felt in hearing environments, within is personal family dynamic and in deaf safe havens where he learned to adjust, and grow for the betterment of him learning ASL and in general, becoming emerged within Deaf culture. Drolsbaugh starts the book off by introducing how life for deaf people, even when giving birth, can be a struggle (due to society not being well informed on how to effectively communicate and treat Deaf individuals). Drolsbaugh’s mother, Sherry, wasn’t properly given epidural while giving birth to him, and as she made noises to best express that something was wrong, the nurse brushed it off. Once Mark was born, and Sherry got up the needle wasn’t in her back but on the bed. Looking at how communication issues can lead to negative results, throughout the rest of the book Drolsbaugh sheds light on this phenomenon, specifically focusing on the educational environment and the interactions between and among hearing and deaf communities.
Introduction to American Deaf Culture by Thomas K. Holcomb is a “comprehensive textbook” that explains a cultural perspective of Deaf people, and how Deaf culture is experienced and has evolved over time. He defines culture and how it relates to the Deaf community, while also teaching the audience about demographic data, misconceptions, and diversity. This book talks about the tensions between the Deaf community and the disabled community, Deaf literature and film, and effective living solutions for Deaf individuals. Thomas K. Holcomb is a Deaf Studies professor at a college in California, where he teaches his students ASL/English interpretation, along with Deaf education and culture. Many people in his family are deaf, and he is considered a “leading authority on Deaf culture”.
The advent of new technologies such as the cochlear implant will not ultimately eradicate Deaf culture. The Deaf community is too close-knit to become torn apart. Not everyone has access to these new technologies because they are not eligible for them or the price is not right for their low budgets. Similarly, not everyone will be successful with the cochlear implant and most will return to Deaf culture for the rest of their lives. However, for those who are successful, they can still be a part of Deaf culture if they are bilingual and have adequate access to the Deaf community and its members. Knowledge is power and ASL education is spreading throughout high schools and universities all over the United States. These are several factors that
The Deaf Community in America: History in the Making by Melvia M. Nomeland and Ronald E. Nomeland is a book written to describe the changes the Deaf community, with a capital “D”, has encountered throughout time. The authors mention, “By using the capital ‘D’ to refer to a community of people who share a language and culture and the lower case ‘d’ to refer to the audiological condition of hearing loss” (Nomeland 3). In this book we are taken through a time line on how the Deaf community’s life changed socially and educationally allowing them to live normally.
Being able to hear is something I think most people take for granted. But what if you cannot hear? On July 15, 2015, I was afforded the opportunity to observe eight-year-old Braydon Smith and five-year-old Peyton Smith, who were born deaf. Their names were changed to protect their identity. Their younger sister, Mackenzie, whose name was also changed to protect her identity, did not have any issues with her hearing. I met with both boys and their mother, Sandra Smith, at a relative’s home in Belton, Texas. However, the family lives in Loganville, Georgia. I found both boys to be energetic, and playful. Their mother seemed excited to tell her sons’ stories. Present at the meeting was Sandra Smith,
Most deaf children are born to parents who can hear. For Deaf children transition of the cultural things of the family or that of the deaf community doesn’t automatically
American Annals of the Deaf is an educational journal that is committed to providing educational experiences of high quality as well as related services for the deaf. This journal has been around for over 150 years, and over time they have been dedicated to making sure that children and adults who are deaf or hard of hearing are receiving quality assistance for their disability (NEED CITATION). In July 1996, they published a scholarly article in response to a survey Catherine Gillespie and Sandra Twardosz conducted about the literacy environment and different practices that children are receiving in a residential school for the deaf.
As a future speech-language pathologist, my ultimate career goal is to specialize in work with deaf and hard-of-hearing pediatric patients. One way that I can make a difference in the systems approach to diversity and cultural competence is to interpret for the deaf community in different healthcare settings, similar to Tomiko Cross’ interaction with the Japanese community at the Good Samaritan Hospital and Health Center of Dayton. Communication is a critical skill that is necessary to provide the best overall care. The deaf community often struggles with sharing their thoughts and understanding suggestions made by medical professionals. Being able to provide that voice would be one small step towards making healthcare more accessible to a population that struggles to connect verbally due to their disability. It is the responsible of future healthcare professionals, like myself, to increase cultural awareness issues and increase diversity within the workplace to deliver the best possible care for all
The Deaf community is comprised of people of a variety of ethnicities and backgrounds, as Deafness prevails around the world; discriminating against none. The Deaf community grows continually. As a hearing person learning about the community, it’s distinctive culture and how to communicate in ASL, I am developing myself and discovering my fairly new position within the Deaf community.
In the United States of America, access to health care is a disadvantage for approximately 48 million Americans of those who do not have health insurance and millions underinsured (Parker & Thorson, 2009). Health disparities continue to deprive the nation of the need for adequate health care services and preventative care leaving a country mentally and physically disabled. There are two million Deaf and Hard of Hearing (DHOH) people living in the America, which is the third concentrated population in the United States (U.S.) (Pick, 2013; Barnett & Franks, 2002). As of today, there is no knowledge of health care insurance coverage published to determine the number of DHOH without or underinsured. Unfortunately, lack of data to support the number of DHOH without health insurance or underinsured remains a puzzling mystery
Deaf is defined as partially or completely lacking the sense of hearing as to where Deaf culture refers to members of the Deaf community who share common values, traditions, norms, language and behaviors. According to the National Institute on Deafness and other Communication Disorders, three out of every 1,000 American children are born deaf or with hearing loss and 9 out of 10 of those children are born to fully-hearing parents. Most of these children who are deaf will attend public schools. By all, means teaching children who are deaf is not easy an easy task and can seem challenging for both the students and the teacher alike but it is certainly accomplishable. Therefore, in order for children who are deaf to succeed in a mainstream classroom, the teacher must first understand the Deaf culture and counteract stereotypes so that he or she may better serve students who are deaf. The article Deaf Culture Tip Sheet by Professor Linda Siple (2003) and Deaf Myths by the Minnesota Department of Human Services (2013) elaborates on these exact issues and provides a better insight on the culture of the Deaf community.
The deaf community does not see their hearing impairment as a disability but as a culture which includes a history of discrimination, racial prejudice, and segregation. According to PBS home video “Through Deaf Eyes,” there are thirty-five million Americans that are hard of hearing (Hott, Garey & et al., 2007) . Out of the thirty-five million an estimated 300,000 people are completely deaf. There are over ninety percent of deaf people who have hearing parents. Also, most deaf parents have hearing children. With this being the exemplification, deaf people communicate on a more intimate and significant level with hearing people all their lives. “Deaf people can be found in every ethnic group, every region, and every economic class.” The
The Deaf community and their culture is a part of the oppressed population group. There are many limitations of being deaf in a hearing world. The Deaf community has been victims of isolation and oppression for many years. Historically the hearing culture has put Deaf individuals in social categories such as “disable” and “outsiders” (Pinquart, Pfeiffer, 2014). However, many years of being deaf has been viewed as having an undesirable condition.
In the United States, culturally deaf people are joined together by a common language (American Sign Language, or ASL), a common history, and many common traditions. Most culturally deaf people are deaf or hard of hearing from birth or a young age. They also grow up using sign language for most of their lives. Between 21 million and 28 million people in the United States are hard of hearing or deaf. However, only a relatively small number of people (between 100,000 and 200,000) consider themselves culturally deaf. Most other deaf people either lose their hearing after childhood or grow up without using sign as their primary language.
The deaf community does not see their hearing impairment as a disability but as a culture which includes a history of discrimination, racial prejudice, and segregation. According to an online transcript,“Through Deaf Eyes” (Weta and Florentine films/Hott productions Inc., 2007) there are thirty-five million Americans that are hard of hearing. Out of the thirty-five million an estimated 300,000 people are completely deaf. There are ninety percent of deaf people who have hearing parents (Halpern, C., 1996). Also, most deaf parents have hearing children. With this being the exemplification, deaf people communicate on a more intimate and significant level with hearing people all their lives. “Deaf people can be found in every ethnic group,