The Common Types Of Phobias

Introduction: Almost everyone has an irrational fear or two—of mice, for example, or your annual dental checkup. For most people, these fears are minor. But when fears become so severe that they cause tremendous anxiety and interfere with your normal life, they’re called phobias. A phobia is an intense fear of something that, in reality, poses little or no actual danger. Common phobias and fears include closed-in places, heights, highway driving, flying insects, snakes, and needles. However, we can develop phobias of virtually anything. Most phobias develop in childhood, but they can also develop in adults. If you

So they tend to take drastic measure in order to seek change in the world such as killing themselves and others to pursue betterment for humanity. In this paper I will be touching base on race and the Islamic religion and culture and how they are perceived within Capitalist countries and the rest of the world. What is Islamophobia? Islamophobia is a contrived fear or prejudice fomented by the existing Eurocentric and Orientalist global power structure. It is directed at a perceived or real Muslim threat through the maintenance and extension of existing disparities in economic, political, social and cultural relations, while rationalizing the necessity to deploy violence as a tool to achieve "civilizational rehab" of the target communities (Muslims or

Since the dawn of human civilization, there has been an unfortunate but natural tendency to marginalize and oppress those belonging to "the other"--those not in power, not part of the most popular group and those who are different. One such manifestation of this fear of the different is Islamophobia--the "dread or hatred of Islam--and therefore [the] fear or dislike of all or most Muslims." Although the exact word "Islamophobia" was brought to public awareness in 1997 after an academic journal from the British Runnymede Report, it has existed for many years prior to the journal, as a term to describe the experiences of the oppressed and discriminated sections of Muslim communities. The simmering prejudice towards Muslims gained ferocious momentum

Following the terror attacks in The Unites States in 2001, there has been an increase in Islamophobia in the Western World. Following 9/11, respondents indicate that levels of implicit or indirect discrimination in The United States rose by 82,6% and experiences of over discrimination by 76,3% (http://jiv.sagepub.com/content/21/3/317.short). A combination of how Arabs and Muslims are portrayed in the media, with the increase of organized terrorist groups and refugees since the Arabic Spring, makes this a big political challenge today. This bibliography is written to get an overview of why Islamophobia has increased and the challenges that comes with the rise of Islamophobia.

Universal human phobia is close interpersonal violence that a person experiences throughout their life. This phobia is not brought upon by mother nature, but by the actions of another human being. In the book, the authors explained how people were not angry if a tornado sent them to the hospital and destroyed their house. Yet when a gang beats them and destroys their house, it’s personal and the victims are angry. The actions of others that causes people to be scared is the concept of universal human phobia.

The September 11 terrorist attacks on the United States generated fears across the Earth not previously seen in history. The terrorist group responsible, known as Al-Qaida, ushered high levels of panic, causing millions of people who witnessed the attack or read about it to develop widespread fears of Muslims. The dislike or prejudice against Islam or Muslims has become known as Islamophobia, generating hate crimes and discrimination against Muslim people. Recent researchers have highlighted the effects that 9/11 have on Middle-Eastern people, primarily Muslims. Researchers have studied the increase in discrimination on Muslim people post 9/11. Researchers have also studied how 9/11 impacted the public’s view on immigration. Furthermore, studies

The topic of Islamophobia is still a taboo for some people because they don’t want to admit that a form of discrimination is rapidly growing and is not truly frowned upon by most people. The truth is, is that Islamophobia is a big deal that most Americans won’t bring up. A good portion of our current Presidential candidates have the fear of Muslims. This shows that a good portion of the country is having the same discriminatory feelings that people had during the Civil Rights movement.

In general, a phobia refers to “extreme [and] irrational fear reactions” (Powell, Honey, & Symbaluk, 2013, p. 190). Phobias are developed through a process called classical conditioning. Classical conditioning involves “a process in which one stimulus that does not elicit a certain response is associated with a second stimulus that does; as a result, the first stimulus also comes to elicit a response” (Powell et al., 2013, pp. 109-110).

Phobias, an extreme fear of something, can best be understood through use of the psychodynamic perspective. Oftentimes, childhood traumas or exposure to the object of the fear at an early age can lead to the phobia to manifest itself when the patient is an adult.

In hearing a lot of complaints about president elect Trump's Islamophobia, it's been surprising to learn how uneducated the average person is about the history of Islamophobia in America. The current blinkered attitude towards Muslims worldwide is not a product of happenstance. To quote a former American President:

“Islamophobia is prejudice towards discrimination against Muslims due to their religion, or perceived religion, national, or ethnic identity associated with Islam because Muslims have different beliefs and values”. (Islamophobia wikipedia 1) Like anti-semitism, racism, and homophobia. Islamophobia describes mentality and actions that domain an entire class of people. Jews, African-Americans, and other populations throughout history have faced prejudice and discrimination. Islamophobia is simply another reincarnation of this bigotry. According to the Merriam Webster dictionary,a phobia is an exaggerated, usually inexplicable and illogical fear of a particular object, class of objects, or situation. It may be difficult to determine or communicate the source of this fear, but it exists. From this definition we can see how is so unfair to connect the word phobia to Islam specially because the word Islam in arabic means peace and safety. All that means that a lot of people don’t know nothings about Islam and the unknown can easily provoke fear.

Known as a mental disorder a phobia is a persistent fear of a specific object, activity, or situation that leads to compelling desire to avoid it. Phobias tend to affect the way people live their lives, for example, their working and social environments, considering that they last for a very long time and are capable to cause intense psychological physical stress. It is considered today the most common mental and anxiety disorder in the United States (Matig Mavissakalian & David H. Barlow 1981 pp 2). There are many phobias such as: the fear of aging, fear of changing, fear of clowns, fear of getting fat, fear of being in closed spaces, etc.

Phobia is an irrational anxiety disorder about a thing or a situation. Having such disorder affects a person's livelihood and every day life.Some of the bad effects includes difficulty of maintaining your relationship between your family or friends or maybe even lover. It can also affect your performance in your job.Specialists have named many phobias but we chosed Athazagoraphobia. Athazagoraphobia, when defined in dictionary is said to be a morbid fear of being forgotten. This disorder has several other characteristics such as fear of being forgotten and fear of being ignored by people they love, people around them or even people they met in the internet for short, strangers. Athazagoraphobia is not only a fear of being forgotten but also a fear in forgetting. This fear goes on both ways of forgetting that is why it is hard to handle. Athazagoraphobia can be the illness itself or it can also be a symptom of another mental illness. For example, A narciccistic person may fear being ignored or forgotten.

However, phobia can even cause people to risk their health. For example, the fear of dentists can leave people suffering from it willing to risk the health of their teeth in order to avoid having to go through an exam or procedure ( MacKay). When one knows about an upcoming confrontation, it can be the reason why one can not sleep or finds it hard to focus on important tasks. Due the change in daily routine, this unrealistic fear can interfere with the ability to socialize, work, or go about everyday life, brought on by and object, event or situation. But even animals have anxieties and phobias just as every human being (www.phobia-help.de). A phobia is an irrational fear, one knows that the object or situation, one is scared off, can not hurt one, but one is still afraid. A reason for this is that the human mind can not distinguish what is real and imaginary. When one has uncontrollable anxiety attacks, he loses rational judgement, leading to complicated problems. However, anyone can develop a phobia, men and women, teens and young adults, and elderly lady or a one-year-old boy (MacKay).

Islam bashing, islamophobia and hatred for Islam amongst non- Muslim are common things nowadays. Some people who did not know about Islam labeled Islam and Muslim as barbaric religion who promoting violence and hatred against non-Muslim all around the world. Their wrong perception about Islam has resulting to islamophobia without knowing the reality about Islam. The islamophobia derived from the words phobia, which in the dictionary it means fear, and hatred to something. In other words, islamophobia means that fear, hatred and hostility of non-Muslims towards Islam. Professor Morales expands the Dictionary meaning of Islamophobia as intolerance or aversion for Islam – to acts of bigotry, prejudice, malice, anger and hate toward Muslims and