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The Civil Rights Movement Of The United States

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The civil rights movement began to influence view about people with disabilities. Brown vs. Board of Education in 1954, the US supreme court ruled that it was unlawful under the fourteenth amendment to discriminate subjectively against any group of people. The court applied this to the education of children. Soon people with disabilities were acknowledged as another group whose rights had often been dishonored because of discrimination. Pennsylvania Assoc for Retarded Children v. Commonwealth (1972) This case resolved that schools cannot refuse to educate students, free public education must be provided to all students; this resulted in the principle of FAPE. Larry P. v. Wilson Riles (1986) Found that IQ tests cannot be used alone to determine if a student has an intellectual disability, tests cannot be racially biased; this led to the principle of Nondiscriminatory Assessment. Hendrick Hudson S.D. v. Rowley (1982) Found that special education services must deliver an appropriate education this resulted in Individualized education. Daniel R.R. v. State Bd of Ed (1989) Found that appropriate placement for students with disabilities depends on whether a student can be adequately educated in general education, this influenced the principle of LRE. Oberti v. Clementon S.D. (1993) Found that school districts must offer a full range of supports ad amenities and just because a student learns differently doesn’t allow that students exclusion from general education; this became the

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