The Bystander Effect On Social Psychology

Do our genes affect our decisions? Can the environment alter our genetic makeup? In Sharon Moalem’s work “Changing Our Genes,” he writes about how the environment around us and our ancestors has contributed to the making of our genes. Genes are the instructions to make proteins which is ultimately the making of us. In Kevin Beaver’s “Genetic Influences on Adolescents,” he emphasizes the groundbreaking research in the similarities of children’s eating habits compared with their siblings and how genetics is a contributing factor. Our genes do not define us, but they do play a role in what our choices in life will be. One of the choices we make is regarding our lifestyle, specifically, how active we are and what we choose to consume. Additionally, Liam, a 12-year-old boy in the documentary film Overfed and Undernourished who has obesity realized that in order to avoid healthy problems at such a tender age and to live a longer more active life he needs to combat his excess weight. Also in “The Epidemic of

This assignment will look at incidents and emergencies that can happen in a health and social care setting. Within my assignment I will be explaining possible priorities and responses when dealing with two incidents or emergencies in a health and social care setting. I will be discussing

You always hear of stories in the news where someones quick thinking saved another persons life. Yet unlike these brave citizens, most of us would be scared and would let our emotions take over in a dangerous situation. Everyone has those few experiences where they let their emotions get the better of them and it affects what decisions they make. In certain examples, it is not that big of a deal.

different times) act as if they were is a lot of pain or a drunk. The test was to see how long it took

Suggests that someone who needs help will have an increased amount of empathic emotion which leads to long-term helpful behaviours.

Walking along the busy street of Manhattan, Katie becomes light headed passing out; although she is in a large group of people, no one stops to help. This phenomenon is called the “bystander effect.” A bystander is often anyone who passed by, witnessed, or even participated in a certain situation (Polanin, Espelage & Pigott, 2012). The bystander effect is the idea that the larger the group, the less likely an individual is to be helped. The likelihood of someone getting helped is inversely compared to the number of people who are around witnessing the event at the time. This phenomenon has played a huge role in the increase of civilians failing to be helped in the past years, and is starting to have more light shined upon it. Knowledge of

In the article “Introduction to Bystander Apathy”, during the same experiment with the seizure, they found that “the subjects who did not report the seizure seemed more emotionally taxed than those who did report the seizure.” (3) This shows that when the subjects did act on their beliefs they became emotionally taxed from their own indecision. They felt that they had to make the correct decision because of what they thought others wanted them to do. In the article “The Science of Paying It Forward” in the same study of the bystander effect, researchers also found that when there is already help being given to a situation, “you become a bystander who feels that help is no longer needed.” (4)

This assignment will look at incidents and emergencies that can happen in a health and social care setting. Within my assignment I will be explaining possible priorities and responses when dealing with two incidents or emergencies in a health and social care setting. I will be discussing health, safety or security concerns that may arise from the incident or emergency. Then I will be discussing how I would respond to them.

Attempts to define “emotion” have proved to be rather difficult. Instead of searching for a comprehensive definition, Gross (2011) describes the three core features of emotions. First, emotions occur when an individual decides that a situation is relevant to his or her goals. Second, emotions are multi-faceted, and involve both subjective and physiological experiences, as well as behaviors. The third feature involves the authoritative nature of emotions. They have the powerful ability to interrupt ongoing processes, assert their priority over other activities, and force their way into awareness. For example, some traditions describe emotions as “disorganized interruptions of mental activity” (Salovey & Mayer, 1989). Emotions are such an

The bystander effect is both a social and psychological phenomenon in which an individual’s inclination towards showing helping behaviours are minimised by the influence of other people. Research has found that the more people acting as bystanders in a situation, the less likely it is that helping behaviours will be demonstrated. However in the correct conditions, where conditioned cues increase self-awareness, it is possible to reverse the bystander effect phenomenon. The bystander effect is prevalent in everyday life, and often decorates the news, shocking the world, especially when authority figures such as police men and women succumb to the effect. Diffusion of responsibility, ignorance of others interpretation of an event and self-consciousness are all social processes which appear to lead to social inhibition of helping behaviours and one of the main theories of the bystander effect is provided Latané and Darley (1970) whose cognitive model provides a series of decisions that can lead to social inhibition. The bystander effect is influenced by the conditions an individual is in when an event occurs, for example the bystander effect appears to be most dominant when an individual is in a group of strangers with low group cohesiveness. FINISH

In the scenario provided to us in the writing prompt we are told that; a man collapses in onto a store floor and the customers that were there around him do nothing to help, but instead step over him and take pictures. Soon a new customer Braden comes in and quickly rushes to assist the collapsed man. What makes these people act so differently from one another? Why was Braden so quick to help, while the costumers that were aware of the incident did nothing? To begin to understand the reasoning behind the peoples behaviors we have to think about personal and situational influences.

No man can be certain beyond a shadow of a doubt how he will react in any given situation. One can know how he would hope to react; however, until the circumstances are in place behavior can not be entirely predicted. A person’s reaction in the direst of moments is in fact the heart of who they are. While reactions are spontaneous, actions are not and the decisions to act or not to act

Our emotions affect us in so many ways. Emotions affect the way we behave, our views and opinions, our relationships and our decision-making; therefore, they are very relevant to our day-to-day lives. It is important that people have an understanding of these emotions and that they are able to interpret them. Emotions can both help and hinder our ability to best live our lives. It is also important to realize that even our emotions are shaped and biased by our environment and those close to us.

Empathy is the ability to understand and experience the feelings of others, particularly others’ suffering. Humanity’s gift of understanding complex emotions ushers in a new way of understanding ourselves and how we react to stimuli. This ultimately leads to questioning of everything, leading us to one strong notion: Does empathy guide or hinder moral action?

The bystander effect is a social psychological scenario where a person who is in an urgent situation is not given any help by the people around due to the discourage from the presence of others (whatispsychology.biz, 2017). Social psychologists, John Darley and Bibb Latane, introduced the bystander effect in the 1960s after the murder of Kitty Genovese, a young woman who was stabbed to death outside her home in New York City. It took her attacker more than half an hour to kill her, and during that time, thirty-eight people saw her being murdered, and they did nothing to help her. “The responsibility for helping was diffused among the observers” (Darley & Latane, 1968).