The Blue Ridge Mountains Of North Carolina

The Lynne deposit lies within the early Proterozoic Penokean fold belt of the southern province of the Precambrian Shield. The fold belt is divided into two major terranes in Wisconsin (Sims 1989). The first is the northern Penokean terrane, which contains major oxide facies iron formations and granitic intrusions (DeMatties 1989). The second major terrane, separated from the Penokean terrane by the Niagara fault zone, is the Wisconsin magmatic terrane, characterized by a volcanic island arc-basin assemblage (Sims 1989). This southern terrane lacks major oxide facies iron formations, but contains abundant tonalite-granite intrusions (DeMatties 1989). The Wisconsin magmatic terrane is further subdivided into the northern Pembine-Wausau terrane and the southern Marshfield terrane, which are separated by the Eau Pleine shear zone, a north-dipping subduction zone (Sims 1989).

Next, we can see that the rock displays a subtle porphyritic texture with plagioclase comprising the phenocrysts. The overall texture of the surrounding groundmass is granoblastic equigranular. Under thin section we also see a weakly defined foliation evidenced in the preferential alignment of actinolite grains and to a lesser extent chlorite grains. Undulose extinction is also observed in quartz indicating the rock was subject to deformation. The normalized quartz, alkali-feldspar, and plagioclase (QAP) values of this rock indicate that it is classified as a grano-diorite according to the IUGS QAPF classification system which is consistent with the hand sample interpretation.

This formation is a very fine grain Mississippian limestone. To test to see if this was the Bangor formation we used HCL and because there was a reaction we know its limestone. This formation could also be described as gray in color as well as an average thickness of 700 feet. We see the Bangor until stop eight, where we see a very different vertical bedding. Also different at stop eight is the outcrop no longer reacts with HCL. From this we gathered that we had moved into the Hartselle formation. In the Hartselle Formation, Mississippian aged sandstones are dominant. This particular stop had a large amount of jointing. After the Hartselle, we figured the Pride Mountain Formation would be next, however at stop nine we see the Maury Formation present. This stop focused on the rock located inside the creek. Because we were unable to go into the creek to get the strike and dips, we once again had to do a projected orientation. Also found on this stop were natural sulfur springs, easy to notice with the smell that it gives off. The Maury formation consist of Mississippian- Silurian aged shale. At the next stop, stop 10, we encounter the Ft. Payne formation. Although this area location was thickly vegetated, we were able to conduct the acid test and saw that the HCL reacts in some places but not all. From this we concluded that this was the cherty limestone of the Ft. Payne formation. The following stop, 12, we went up section and arrived at the Maury Formation once again. At the final stop, location 13, we see Ft. Payne Formation. All of the metamorphism and deformation in the southernmost Appalachians can be related to the movement of the thrust sheets and stacks (Higgins,

The three faults being considered are thought to have influenced the character of some 120,000 square miles. The Big Pine, Garlock, and San Andreas faults are all mutually active, deep, long, and steep and noted as being conjugate shears. In concert, the faults have defined a primary strain pattern of relative east-west extension and north-south shortening of the area of 120,000 square miles. The large region is noted for its deformity, with the source of this being a northeast-southwest counterclockwise compressive couple. The compressive couple was potentially supported through drag as a result of the deep-seated movement of rock material from the Pacific region (Hill & Dibblee, 1953). The interaction of the faults in the San Andreas region since the Jurassic period have served to shape and contour the present geology of the land, while a study of the paleontology of the region likewise requires such knowledge to effectively determine conditions at any given point in time.

Neotectonic frames show comparable arrangements. Therefore, with respect to any given region the peaks of A-tents indicate comparable directions. New fault scarps have a tendency to be correlated with the territorial lineament

This study classifies the two granites under one unit named the Kilbride Granite, however, the research, which uses both radiometric dating and composition analysis, identifies them as two compositionally separate units with different ages. On the other hand, it is not wrong to say that the granites were related as they are the two latest forming members of the Eastern Red Hills complex. (Bell and Harris, 1986)

It consists of the state’s most unique landscapes – strangely long, tapered and almost parallel ridges and valleys, all mingling over water gap formations. The province extends from the center towards New Jersey (north-eastward) and into Maryland (south-westward). The province’s ridges and valleys are made up of Sedimentary rocks from the Paleozoic Era. Metamorphosed Proterozoic volcanic rock (~575 million years old) is also found in some ridges of the South Mountain sector of the province. The sediments were originally deposited in a horizontal manner, but then these rocks were subjected to a high amount of heat and pressure during the Alleghanian orogeny, which resulted in them being folded and angular. The erosion of sediments over the years have formed a very distinct landform – valleys have been formed over areas of shale and limestone (softer rocks) and ridges have been formed in the areas of sandstone (harder rock). This Province is divided into 7 sectors: South Mountain, Great Valley, Blue Mountain, Anthracite Upland, Anthracite Valley, Susquehanna Lowland and Appalachian

Found in the Appalachian Region, the Juniata Formation extends from central-southern Pennsylvania to Tennessee (Davies 2010). Though the thickness of the Juniata Formation is far from constant across its lateral extent, it is approximately 2000 feet thick in northern Pennsylvannia and thins towards the southwest (Crowder 1980). Named for the Juniata River running through southern Pennsylvania, this formation consists of sediments from the Taconic Orogeny in the late Ordovician period (Crowder 1980). Figure one displays the characteristic layers of alternating red sandstones and shales, which are divided into three distinct units (Darton

Cedar Breaks started to form when the plates of the earth started to change. A plate called the Pacific plate plunged under the lighter continent. Ginormous sections of the earth’s crust headed eastward along a low angle called “thrust faults”. This time of faulting known as the sevier orogeny, formed a chain of mountains to the west of what is now Cedar Breaks National Monument.

The Taconic orogeny is evidenced in the Hudson Valley. This orogeny has formed by the convergence of the Laurentia and the Shelburne arc. The Taconic orogeny has led to the formation of sedimentary rocks that can be classified into autochthonous and allochthonous, whereas the Normanskill formation is autochthonous, and five distinctive thrust slices from the low Taconic sequence are allochthonous. Another feature is the Cortland Complex, which is a late Ordovician magmatic intrusion formed by norite, gabbro, hornblende norite, monzodiorite, diorite, hornblende pyroxenite, and peridotite. The sedimentary rocks in the Dutchess county and Westchester counties, New York, have suffered metamorphism due to convergence activities as well as magma

The Ozark Mountains are characterized by eroded plateaus caused by the collision of the super continent of Gondwana, which compressed the present continents of South America, Africa, Antarctica and other land masses. These forces uplifted Arkansas with limestone and calcareous rocks such as sandstone and chert. Erosion lowered the surface creating a level plateaus which included: The Boston Plateau, the Springfield Plateau, and the Salem Plateaus. Rivers, over time, cut valleys into the plateaus. Present day Fayetteville-Springdale-Rodgers, Harrison, Mountain Home, Batesville, and Clinton are all cities which are within the Ozark Mountains boundaries.

The Piedmont region is home to many physical features such as Stone Mountain, many rivers, and Warm Springs! Stone Mountain provides many tourist attractions such as climbing, boating, trails, and shows. There are many rivers such as the Chattahoochee, the Flint, and Ogeechee. They are very good for kayaking, canoeing, and fishing. Warm Springs offers many attractions such as horseback riding, Franklin Delano Roosevelt's house near the springs, hiking, and

The area surrounding the Dragon was one of the last areas of North Carolina to be settled due to its inhospitable terrain. The southern Appalachian Mountains are made up of two separate ranges; the eastern range is the Blue Ridge Mountains, and the western range is known as the Great Smoky Mountains. For thirty-six miles along the TN/NC border the GSM are more than 5k feet in altitude with 16 peaks stretching to more than 6k feet. All of this altitude translates to treacherous travel, especially for the pioneers in their day, but also for us as motor-sport enthusiasts today.

Southern Appalachia alone includes three hundred counties covering most of West Virginia and the Southern Highlands or Upland South. The mountains form a natural barrier between the eastern Coastal Plain and the vast Interior Lowlands of North America. As a result, they have “played a vital role in the settlement and development of the entire continent.”

The Appalachian Mountains region is roughly 360,000 km squared, taking up about 3.6 percent of Canada's land surface. This region locates itself on the islands of Newfoundland and Labrador, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, and a bit of Quebec, with Moncton and Halifax as some of its major cities.The rocks, most of which are mostly sedimentary, were changed drastically when Europe and North America collided, causing its geography to be uneven, with many jagged peaks. Forestry, agriculture, fishing, tourism, coal mining, logging, and manufacturing are their main industries.Their overall population lands at a bit more than 25 million. Some interesting facts are that they have the oldest mountains and the richest fishing.