Most of the housewives nowadays would likely to seek for a job in order to earn a living for the whole family, and it leads to a result of keeping infants at day care services. However, some critics argue about the sense of insecurity may be formed due to day care which may affect children’s mental well-being negatively, and directly links to the attachment theory. Bowlby (1953) define attachment theory as a long-lasting affectionate psychological bond in human beings, especially strong in the attachment between infant and mother. It is significant that the attachment and the day care would seriously affect the development of children. Therefore, this essay is aimed to illustrate how the attachment theory relates to the early day care, and whether it brings positive or negative influences to the infants and what would be resulted at the end of the effects. First, the stages in attachment theory would be stated, then, explain the linking of day care and attachment through the insecure stage
Attachment relationships between child and parent is differentiated based on two categories, secure and insecure, (Quan, Bureau, Yurkowski, Moss & Pallanca, 2013). Insecure stage also have been divided into avoidant, resistant and disorganized (Holmes, 2001).
In order to discover whether child is in secure stage, Ainsworth and her colleagues (Ainsworth, Blehar, Waters, & Wall, 1978) investigated a ‘strange situation’ experiment, observing infant’s behaviours and emotional expressions by
Outline Mary Ainsworth’s ‘strange situation’ study and discuss how this has influenced our understanding of the importance of a child’s attachment to the primary caregiver.
Ainsworth also interviewed the mother in order to learn more about her parenting style as well as her experiences growing up with her own mother. She came to the conclusion that three types of children existthose who are secure in their relationship with their parents, those who are anxious-resistant, and those who are anxious-avoidant. She demonstrated that the infants began to convey "consistently different patterns of distress" (on separation) and protest (upon reunion with their mothers (Shaw, 414). Similarly, the mothers displayed "very consistent patterns of interactions" with their infants while free playing during the laboratory introduction sequence, as well as patterns of comforting the infant on reunion (Shaw, 414). Ainsworth correlated these patterns with infant-parent interactions in the home during the first year of life. For example, children who appeared secure in the strange situation typically had parents who were responsive to their needs while the insecure children often had parents who were insensitive or inconsistent in the care they provided (Fraley, 2).
In the first scenario of the Strange Situation, the 18 month old toddler (Sam) exhibits secure attachment. Sam’s exploratory tendencies are characteristic of secure attachment. It is a sign of trust and reassurance when the toddler looks back at his mother. He is looking for approval during his explorations. These qualities are important in secure attachment because it shows that the toddler trusts the primary attachment figure. Sam also becomes visibly upset when the mother is removed from the situation, and happy when she enters again. His reaction from sad and fussy to relaxed and happy upon the arrival of the mother is also characteristic of secure attachment. In secure attachment, the children are more likely to grow
There are two kinds of attachment: secure attachment and insecure attachment. Secure attachment can be developed when there is a healthy reciprocal relationship between child and caregiver.
This essay will examine key research of attachment theories, parenting styles and emotional needs of children and how parents and carers support that. Attachment theory is the basis of building relationships with your care givers and people around you. I will be describing how attachment theory relates with the emotional needs of the children and how parenting can influence this. Children either develop a secure or an unsecure attachment with their caregiver, either plays a huge part in their children’s emotional development. It needs to be explained throughout this essay what it is that parents and carers can do to provide secure attachments with our children, and support their children’s emotional needs.
In this assignment I will be discussing the different effects day care can have towards the development of a child. I will be discussing Bowlby’s maternal depravation hypothesis and Ainsworth’s theory of attachment and also the effects of attachment type and maternal deprivation or deprivation on later behaviour and relationships.
Some psychologists believe that there remains one special attachment figure. There are different types of attachment. In the presence of stranger, the attachment of mother and infant is classified as: (Gross 2005,p 541) · Secure · Anxious/ avoidant · Anxious/ ambivalent According to psychoanalytic accounts, the infant becomes attached to its caregiver because of his or her ability to satisfy its instinctual needs.
The environment is which an infant is raised plays a huge part on their social, emotional, and cognitive development. The child’s experiences and interactions can help them develop the beginning skills needed to be a successful adult or teach them negative coping strategies. Attachments children make with their parents, in early childhood, becomes the standard in which they view their relationships as adults and can influence martial relationships (Wittmer & Petersen, 2014 pg. 30).
1. One type of commonly studied attachment pattern are those children that are secure in their relationship with their parents. This means that the child is upset when the parent leaves but is easily comforted by their parents. Children who exhibit this pattern of behavior are said to be secure. Another type of attachment pattern studied is those who are anxious-resistant. This means when reunited with their parents again they aren't easily soothed and exhibit conflicting behaviors of wanted to be comforted but also want to punish their parents for leaving. A child that displays this type of behavior will also be insecure in a strange situation. The third type of attachment pattern studied is children who are anxious-avoidant. This means that
Since the attachment theory provides a fundamental framework of an infant’s development from womb to tomb, this research can be used to characterize specific behavior that a person may develop from childhood throughout adulthood. In Huis in ‘t Veld
In contrast, insecure attachments fall on the other end of the scale. Insecure attachments fall into two categories. First, babies with avoidant attachments have nervous (anxious) bonds and will dismiss the caregiver upon return. Next, babies with ambivalent attachments have anxious bonds, but show mixed feelings with the caregiver returns. For example, the child will want to be close to the caregiver, but also angrily resist touching or affection.
Securely attached infants have a good quality of relationship with their parents. In the strange situation, where parents leave their child alone or with a stranger in a room full of toys, these children are upset when their parents leave, but easily comforted when they return. The child uses the parent as a “secure base” from which to explore the environment. In the strange situation, insecure/resistant infants
Attachment theory led not only to increased attention to attachments as a psychosocial process, it also led to a new understanding of child development (Bowlby, 1969). Freudian theory suggested that as libidinal drives fixed on different objects, former attachments would be broken; failure to break an attachment effectively would constitute a sort of trauma that could lead to later mental illness (Bretherton (1992). Attachment theory, however, suggested that growing children did not break former attachments, but rather (1) learned to become more active (or sovereign) within previously established attachments, and (2) added new attachments, which did not necessarily require a break with (and are not
Infants with attachment disorder can be described as being either securely attached or insecurely attached. Securely attached children rarely reach the anxiety overload threshold. There are three types of insecure attachment: resistant, avoidant and
Daycare has been a Staple of our community since the mid-nineteen century.they provide working parents an opportunity to continue working while their children are being taken care of. Some parents prefer to stay home with their child which according to studies might be the more beneficial route. In this paper, I will discuss why daycares are bad for a child's development. Then I will discuss how it does not matter what parent stays home with the child.