Chemical machining
Chemical machining (CHM) process is a controlled chemical dissolution (CD) of a workpiece material by contact with strong reagent (etchant). Special coatings called maskants protect areas from which the metal is not to be machined. It is one of the non-conventional machining processes.
The advancement of technology causes to the development of many hard-to-machine materials: stainless steel, super alloys, ceramics, refractories and fiber-reinforced composites due to their high hardness, strength, brittleness, toughness and low machinability properties. Sometimes, the machined components require high surface finish and dimensional accuracy, complicated shape and special size, which cannot be achieved by the conventional machining
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The most important advantages are: weight reduction is possible on complex contours that are difficult to machine using conventional methods; decorative finishes and extensive thin-web areas are possible to be machined; CHM does have low scrap rates (3 percent); no burrs are formed; no stress is introduced to the workpiece, which minimizes the part distortion and makes machining of delicate parts possible; a continuous taper on contoured sections is achievable; the capital cost of equipment, used for machining large components, is relatively low; small thickness of metal can be removed; the good surface quality in addition to the absence of burrs eliminate the need for finishing …show more content…
There are different geometrically designed parts, such as deep internal cavities, miniaturized microelectronics and nontraditional machining processes may only produce fine quality components. All the common metals including aluminum, copper, zinc, steel, lead, and nickel can be chemically machined. Many exotic metals such as titanium, molybdenum, and zirconium, as well as nonmetallic materials including glass, ceramics, and some plastics, can also be used with the process. CHM applications range from large aluminum alloy airplane wing parts to minute integrated circuit chips. The practical depth of cut ranges between 2.54 to 12.27 mm. Shallow cuts in large thin sheets are of the most popular application especially for weight reduction of aerospace components. Multiple designs can be machined from the same sheet at the same time. CHM is used to thin out walls, webs, and ribs of parts that have been produced by forging, casting, or sheet metal
In order to accomplish this objective, weight assigned are W1= -0.1, W2=0.25 and W3=0.65. As in Table 5 and in Fig. 3, the optimal machining parameters predicted using SA are work speed (Vw= 51.15 m/min), feed rate (f = 16.30 mm/min) and depth of cut (d = 0.01 mm) for a minimum surface roughness of 0.476µm. For these parameters the roundness is found to be 0.028mm with a material removal rate of 20.34mm3/min.
The artwork Cubi XIX by David Smith is an art piece that contain the characteristics of materials and mass produced procedures. The artwork can be found on page 754 of the textbook. Industrial materials and mass produced procedures refers to tools, equipments, or simply anything that was not by hands. An example of an mass produced procedure is the assembly line where things are manufactured in mass number. Smith used simple geometrical form of cubes, cylinders, and rectangular bars to create his sculpture.
It increases the construction speed for several times. Also it is easy to cut channels and holes for electrical wiring, sockets, and pipes.
CNC machining it works particularly well for hard, relatively brittle materials like steels and other metal alloys to produce high accuracy parts with well-defined properties and normally be more homogeneous and predictable in quality.
Briefly, the goal of the following project which is its overview is to assess the manufacturing techniques that
Turbine blades have to be able to endure temperatures around and greater then 500OC, in order for them to be useful. A reasonably lightweight alloy commonly used in the production of turbine blades is an often a long SiC-fibre reinforced titanium alloy for the highly mechanically loaded parts. By using "sputtering" techniques followed by hot isostatic pressing cycles, the components then become strengthened in comparison to conventional materials, which are manufactured.
There are various process performed by the machine tool such as cutting, boring, grinding, shearing etc.
Ezugwu and Wang (1997) presented a review on the main problems associated with titanium machining, including tool wear and the mechanism responsible for tool failure. They suggest that uncoated carbides (WC/Co) cutting tools are better than most coated cutting tools for machining a titanium alloy. The high chemical reactivity of titanium causes welding of work-piece material on the cutting tool during machining, leading to chipping and premature tool failure. The prominent failure modes in titanium machining were: notching, flank wear, crater wear, chipping, and catastrophic failure. Different tool materials have different response to different wear mechanism. Crater wear is closely related to the chemical composition of the cutting tool. The conclusions presented by this researcher, they suggest that dissolution-diffusion wear dominates on the rake and flank face for uncoated cemented carbides used for the turning of titanium alloys. At very high cutting speeds and temperatures, the conclusion is that plastic deformation and development of cracks due to thermal shock will be the dominating wear mechanisms. Change of feed rate, depth of cut or cutting speed give changes in the wear rates. They also suggest that cutting fluids have to be used during titanium machining to minimize high stresses and temperatures. The cutting fluid has to work both as coolant and lubricating agent to lower the cutting forces and avoid chip welding, which is a phenomenon often experienced during
NC Machining is a process used in the manufacturing sector that involves the use of computers to control machine tools. Tools that can be controlled in this manner include lathes, mills, routers and grinders. The CNC in CNC Machining stands for Computer Numerical Control. On the surface, it may look like a normal PC controls the machines, but the computer's unique software and control console are what really sets the system apart for use in CNC machining. Under CNC Machining, machine tools function through numerical control. A computer program is customized for an object and the machines are programmed with CNC machining language (called G-code) that essentially controls all features like feed rate, coordination, location
In this assignment I have demonstrated an understanding of engineering design and manufacture by looking at traditional manufacturing processes and non-contact processes. I have selected the right process/process and its suitable materials, economics, quality issues, dimensional accuracy and they’re advantages/disadvantages. I have given a thorough conclusion on what method I believe is the best depending on the quantity of lathe carrier body’s being made and also value for money.
Today, there is a whole array of material types that are supplied in different forms (filament, powder, pellets, resin, granules etc).
The beginning stage for any 3D printing process is a 3D advanced model, which can be made utilizing an assortment of 3D programming programs — in industry this is 3D CAD, for Makers and Consumers there are less complex, more open projects accessible — or filtered with a 3D scanner. The model is then 'cut' into layers, along these lines changing over the plan into a record decipherable by the 3D printer. The material prepared by the 3D printer is then layered by the outline and the procedure. As expressed, there are various diverse sorts of 3D printing advancements, which process distinctive materials in various approaches to make the last protest.
The pace of mechanical change is expanding quickly. New materials and procedures make the fulfillment of old needs conceivable in new and less expensive ways. As an ever increasing number of
Additive manufacturing (AM) methods in product development and manufacturing is projected to grow over 300% within the next 10 years (Columbus). The increase in AM methods is a result of AM’s ability to create products with complex internal and/or external geometry in a timely and cost effective manner (Columbus). Members of the medical field rely on AM to create models for pre-surgery planning as well as structures inserted into patients (Petzold).
Resistance - In various assembling commercial enterprises, there is a sure level of resilience which is allowed when assembling parts. This is something that may vary, contingent on the thing that is being produced. At the point when redone CNC machining is used, it holds to tight resistances, which makes a predictable piece that will be of advantage to your