In the Ted Talk, Let’s Treat Violence Like a Contagious Disease, physician and epidemiologist, Dr. Slutkin, explains how his credentials in treating infectious diseases brought him to view violence as a public health issue. According to Dr. Slutkin, after analyzing graphs and data, it appeared that patterns of violence in US cities seemed to behave similarly to patterns of contagious disease. He said that “there was clustering, similar to that we’d seen also in infectious epidemics such as cholera.” These data showed that there were waves of violence, one after the other. This is just how contagious diseases behave because epidemics are combinations of many epidemics. In addition, it was shown that the greatest predictor of a case of violence is a preceding case of violence. Just as with the flu, the greatest risk factor of contagious disease is being exposed to the disease. Dr. Slutkin took this opportunity to apply his expertise on signs and behaviors of epidemic disease to potentially reverse what he saw as a “violence epidemic”. As he mentions, there are three steps to reversing contagious disease that are as follows: interrupting transmission (1), preventing further spread (2), and shifting the behavioral norms of the people (3). In the case of infectious diseases, you …show more content…
Slutkin’s program encompassed three different approaches for reducing aggression. The first being punishment which must be prompt and relatively strong in order to be effective. The second is inducing incompatible responses for the aggressive behavior. The third is teaching non-aggressive responses, which is largely due to the, “changing the norms” phase of his program through social modeling, internalizing anti aggression beliefs, apologies, social skills training, and reducing exposure to violence. A big portion of his program is in this stage of public health education related to violence prevention and dealing with aggressive
This is an example of being proactive to a situation where cooperation among the government, police and its people through the media and programs implemented were able to reduce such a devastating disease that along claiming human life, is also expensive to treat in the long run causing a economic impact.
Because of the uncertainties and evolving nature of infectious diseases, outbreaks can cause substantial fear in communities and in the general public. Such is the case with the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) epidemic in 2003. It was the first serious infectious disease of the twenty first century and questions about its origin and treatment greatly outnumbered the answers.
Click – Slide 1) Have you ever thought of street violence as an infectious disease? One that can be treated by identifying the source of outbreak and intervening before the infection spreads?
Intervention: MHP and Zynaria discuss and process the aggressive behaviors display at school. MHP and MHS discuss changing in behaviors. MHP, Zynaria and MHS review coping skill of counting and breathing for Zynaria to calm down. MHP and Zynaria discuss details of daily non-compliance in the home. MHP encourage Zynaria to always tell the truth about the details to an incident. MHP observed the interacting between Zynaria and MHS. MHP, Zynaria and MHS discuss Zynaria
Chappell is the founder of the Peace Literacy Initiative, which provides license-free lesson plans for K-12 schools, colleges and universities, and community organizations. Available for free on the initiative’s website, these plans provide age-appropriate advice for youth and adults on identifying the signs of aggression in themselves and others, as well as diffusion strategies focusing on respect, self-reflection, empathy and empowerment. Students are urged to trade the fear that can power aggression with calm, deliberate and just beneficial actions that support justice.
Infectious epidemics and pandemics have happened all through mankind's history. “They remain the prime cause of death worldwide and will not be conquered during our lifetimes.” The flu of 1918 was one of the deadliest epidemics in history. “It infected an estimated 500 million people worldwide–about one-third of the planet’s population at the time–and killed an estimated 20 million to 50 million victims. More than 25 percent of the U.S. population became sick, and some 675,000 Americans died during the pandemic.” No one knew how the virus spread, there were no antibiotics to fight it, and no flu shots to prevent it. In the final year of World War I, it struck terror in the hearts of people all across Europe and left more death in its wake than the combined military actions of the combatants. “It killed more Americans in a few months than World War I, World War II, the Korean War, and the
In a response to the polio outbreak of 1916, Dr. Haven Emerson, the Health Commissioner for New York City, stated: “we have learned little that is new about the disease, but much that is old about ourselves.” The meaning of this has to do with the ideology that no matter the era, people have a common response to the outbreak of contagious disease. Human nature supplies us as humans with a common reaction to dealing with disease, and it is one that can be seen during the Black Death, polio epidemics, and ebola epidemics, as well as many other epidemics. These responses can be both positive and negative, and often have to do with containment of the disease, preventative measures - which may or may not be effective; and scapegoating. Although there may be individualized responses for each of these diseases, the way in which the health-care officers and the public handle the outbreak of disease generally follows the same pattern overall.
Universal school-based violence prevention programs represent an important means of reducing violent and aggressive behavior as found by Hahn et al (2007) in their study about the United States. The findings by Durlak et al (2011) from a meta-analysis of school-based, universal social and emotional learning (SEL) programs involving pupils from kindergarten through high school, have also added to the growing empirical evidence regarding the positive impact of SEL programs on improved social and emotional skills, attitudes, and behavior.
This neighborhood factor drives children to seek companionship amongst others on the already violent streets and causes them to follow suit. The final factor that may result in violence stems from the individual. For instance, children raised in a bleak and violent environment may develop low self-worth and feel little power over their future. Unable to break the cycle, they become a direct reflection of what they experience in their community and contribute to the ongoing violence.
Since the beginning, humanity has overcome diseases that could potentially wipe out the human race. From earliest forms diseases such as measles to modern day pandemics such as AIDS, mankind has survived throughout history. Though diseases have plagued society it was only after the outbreak of the HIV virus in 1981 that brought to attention the dangers of incurable diseases. Before this time, with World War I and II, and the Cold War, public fear was based on the potential chance of a nuclear destruction of the planet. Since the outbreak of the HIV in 1981, public anxiety has been displaced from nuclear winter to that of microbial plagues. The enemy was now no longer a visible foe but that of an unknown contagion with no knowable cure. Recently in 2009, with the outbreak of the Swine Flu (H1N1) Virus public alert of the dangers of contagions increased. Science Fiction films since the outbreak of HIV have reflected the public fear of the unknown and unbeatable contagions. Films such as Outbreak (1995), Contagion (2011) and the recent World War Z (2013) have shown audiences a creative window of possible outcomes of an epidemic and what man would do in order to stop the
An epidemic occurs when a disease spreads to more people in one area then usually happens. There have been many epidemics in history that have had devastating effects. Two epidemics that occurred right here in the United States were cholera and scarlet fever. From the 1830’s to the 1860’s, cholera spread throughout the United States killing many people. And in the late 1850’s scarlet fever spread throughout the New England area of the United States. For both of these terrible diseases it is not clear what stopped their rapid spread. Today there is a vaccine for cholera but not for scarlet fever. However, there are ways to protect yourself from catching these diseases. New and stronger illnesses seem to be happening all the time and are in the news. However, we still need to be aware of these diseases from the past so we can keep ourselves healthy.
There has been a significant amount of research on the impact of corporal punishment on children, and its effect on their behavior going into adolescence. Several studies have shown that experiencing physical discipline during childhood leads to higher acts of aggression towards others, that physical punishment leads to externalizing these aggressive behaviors (Lansford, Deater-Deckard, Dodge, Bates, & Pettit, 2004). By changing important variables for each study, several researchers have come to the conclusion that parent-child physical aggression has a more significant impact on externalizing behaviors if this aggression occurs during adolescence than at younger ages (Gunnoe & Mariner, 1997). Furthermore, past studies have demonstrated that the level of corporal punishment experienced as a child is directly related to the probability of using physical violence against intimate partners in the future, suggesting that this aggression could translate further than adolescence and into adulthood (Douglas & Straus, 2006; Swinford, DeMaris, Cernkovich, & Giordano, 2000).
Paternalistic policies can be effective in preventing injuries and deaths in the population (Gostin, 2008). Paternalism exists throughout Contagion. In order to keep the masses safe from contracting the MEV-1 virus, public health agencies initiated safety guidelines for the general public to follow. From a public health aspect, individual interests must yield to those of the wider community to facilitate the public’s health, safety, and well-being. The public health tradition values prevention and views its successes or failures based on the benefits and burdens that accrue to populations rather than to individuals. This
No matter how strenuous it may be for an urban area to prevent an outbreak from occurring, it is still inevitable. Many organizations have tried to educate the population about the cause of diseases and how to prevent it. Although this method displays a decrease in certain diseases, it still occurs. However, instead of just attempting to prevent these diseases, a profound amount of cures have been discovered to treat it. Throughout multiple sources, such as online articles and lectures on the Industrial Revolution, it is unambiguous that the human race spreads disease through unsanitary environments, direct physical contact, and lack of knowledge, but society adapts to these situations and restrains the expansion of diseases by improved safety
Statistics indicate many aggressors at some point or another have witnessed acts of violence. During childhood, these observed behaviors can have a major impact and influence on adolescent and adult attitudes, perception of self and others. "Children become more susceptible and prone to negative and dangerous behaviors which can