110.289 TAXATION
ASSIGNMENT NO. 1
Name : Student ID : Delivery Mode : External – Distance
QUESTION 1
The best answer is (C).
An individual’s marginal tax rate is the rate of tax he/she pays on the last dollar of income earned assuming there is nothing else affecting the individual. In this question, Sandra has no dependants or other sources of income so there is nothing else affecting her.
An effective marginal tax rate of 40% applies to Sandra. This includes the top tax rate of 30% applicable to taxable income of $56,000 and the student loan standard rate of 10%.
(A) - The 30% rate would be Sandra’s base marginal tax rate without the student loan
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(B) - Running your second hand furniture business through Trade-me is a taxable activity. Businesses will always be taxable activities unless they make only exempt supplies.
(C) - A golf club collecting annual subscriptions from its members is a taxable activity. Although a club may not operate with a profit motive, raising funds regularly is a taxable activity.
(D) - Running a small business accounting service is a taxable activity as businesses will always be taxable activities unless they make only exempt supplies.
(Ref: NZT 21.3)
QUESTION 6
The best answer is (B).
The GST apportionment test for assets purchased by a GST registered person from 1 April 2011 allows an input tax credit at purchase in proportion to intended business use.
A purchaser can deduct input tax on the acquisition of goods and services to the extent to which goods or services are used or are available for use in making taxable supplies. An estimate of use can be done at acquisition using a method that provides a fair and reasonable result.
(A) - Full input tax credit can be claimed if GST registered persons acquire the asset for the principal purpose of making taxable supplies. (C) - No immediate deduction is allowed for input tax credit where goods and services are acquired principally for a non-taxable purpose.
The validity of the tax here is related to the benefit Δ receives from access
Analysis: The prospective deductions include interest expense, real property tax, utilities, insurance, maintenance and depreciation, which may generate tax savings limited to the income from
Hoffman, W., Maloney, D., Raabe, W., & Young, J. (2013). Federal Taxation Comprehensive Volume. (36 ed.). Ohio: South-W
The Internal Revenue Code authorizes deductions for trade or business activities if the expenditure is "ordinary and necessary".
i. The federal income tax withholding information from Jessie's W-2 form. TIP: This is the amount from question 7c above. Social Security tax and Medicare tax are not important to the 1040EZ form.
Tax deductions are allowed to taxpayers only if specifically authorized by the Internal Revenue Code. Deductions allowable to individual taxpayers fall into four categories: trade or business expenses, expenses incurred for the production of income, losses, and personal expenses. In addition to discussing the general requirements for deductibility for each of the above types of expenses, this chapter also discusses the tax treatment of many commonly encountered expenses incurred by taxpayers, from trade or business expenses such as rent, insurance, interest, taxes, bad debts, etc. to employee business expenses (travel, transportation, etc.) to
The effective tax rate is the rate of tax paid on all income (taxable and nontaxable). The total tax paid is divided by the taxpayer's economic income (taxable income + nontaxable income). In this case, Susan has $10,000 of tax-exempt income that increases her economic income to $98,000 ($88,000 taxable + $10,000 nontaxable). This results in an effective tax rate of 18.73%:
Revenue generated through tax receipts ideally should exceed annual costs on various government operations. Moreover, the economic considerations involving amendment of Internal Revenue Codes for various depreciation deductions for purchase of business property and research/development deductions credits1. The second consideration, referred to, as social consideration give tax benefits to the employers encouraging health insurance and deduction for charitable contributions by employees as well as private companies. The equity considerations enable individuals or corporations to avoid the effect of double taxation on their taxable income. This could be necessarily ensured by deducting state and local taxes from Gross Income. The credit or deduction for certain foreign taxes and deductions for dividend received by corporations to avoid triple taxation. The
However Capital expenditure on plant, machinery and buildings for research and development (R&D), under the R&D allowance, can all be written off against taxable profits straightaway.
In fact, the cost of these items is tax deductible in most cases as an advertising expense when you place your brand on the items.
One of the most evident and thought provoking aspects that we see as consumers on a daily basis is the effect of sales tax. The effect of sales tax vary from the examination of how much this tax can increase our purchases. To why there are higher and lower tax percentages based on different purchases. Knowing that this tax is in place determines the actions of both sellers and consumers. With sales tax continuing to evolve and change certain bills such as the Remote Transaction Parity Act of 2015 have been put into place and action.
A major source of revenue enhancements for states across the US is the sales tax, which taxes goods and services that are being sold. One member of the family of sales taxes is the Value-added Tax. The VAT increases the value of the product being produced by taxing each stage of its production or distribution (Anastakis, N.D.). The key distinction between the VAT and the sales and use tax is, the VAT is applied in each stage, whereas sales tax only taxes one stage of activity from the manufacturer to the retailer (“Difference between VAT and Sales Tax,” 2011). Although the VAT is not implemented in the United States, it remains a popular tax system in over 150 countries around the world, including in the European Union
A company which produce a part or a component will be allowed an allowance in respect of depreciation of buildings, machinery, plant or furniture owned and used the assesee for the purpose of business and profession.
A fair and feasible tax regime is essential for the sustainable economic growth and fiscal consolidation of any economy in the world. In order to encourage this, we need a conducive environment as we push forward towards becoming a better developed nation. We also need a transparent, equitable and fair taxation system that is easy to administer.
Hong Kong tax base is phenomenally narrow and limited under the international standards. (Financial Services and the Treasury Bureau, 2006). As the Government tax revenue are mainly depends on Profit tax, Salary tax and Stamp Duties, which are nearly 90 percents of the total tax revenue, resulting that Government financial structure become unhealthy. (Hong Kong Inland Revenue Department, 2015). Moreover, the tax revenue is also fluctuated. Profit tax contribute around 45 percents of the total revenue collected (HKIRD,2015), is greatly influenced by the economic environment, and which shown after the financial crisis that Hong Kong tax revenue drop 4.6% in 2008-2009 and 6.5% in 2009-2010.(HKIRD,2010).