3. Tarock looks at the reasons behind the friendly relationship between Iran and Russia and its impact on central Asia and the Middle East. He argues that a harmonious relationship between Iran and Russia is mutually beneficial – for Russia, access to the Persian Gulf through Iran benefits the Russian economy because it facilitates trade and cooperation with “moderate regimes in the region who can help maintain peace and security close to Russian boundaries” alleviates threats on one front. For Iran, Russia’s “political support at both the international and regional levels at a time when the USA is attempting to isolate Iran internationally and pressing its Western allies to do likewise”, and “Russia’s sale of weapons, building nuclear power
Chapter 7 of LeVine’s book discusses the Soviet Union and their desire to expand their oil market into Central Asia. However, western countries like America were also looking to the region for oil. Levine notes that America was not allowed in one area simply because “the region’s petroleum riches were critical to Moscow’s strategic future” (Levine 95). However, Russia needs America’s funding in order to expand its own expeditions, therefore creating an issue for Russia. LeVine focused more than the previous authors on the actual views of the people in Central Asia. Besides the bureaucracies of American and Russia, LeVine also discusses the opinion of the companies in Central Asia. The Kazaks in Kazakhstan were wary of any relations between Central Asia and Russia, based on other people’s experiences with the Soviet Union. The bureaucracy in Central Asia did not want western countries to come into the region, but they also were unsure of the Soviet Union’s involvement. Unlike Wu and Shimizu, LeVine presents expansion into Central Asia as a necessity for the Soviet Union while also expressing the positions of the people in Central Asia. All three of the readings show a need for an oil market in Central Asia, but individually express the
Iran was a major hotspot during the Cold War, but it was the events that occurred during the World Wars that set the stage.
The complexity of America’s relationship with Iran increased steadily beginning in 1908, when Iran struck oil. The Shah, the king or emperor of Iran, after taking the place of his young predecessor Reza Shah Pahlavi with the help of the CIA, led Iran into a period of extreme wealth and prosperity, the likes of which the Iranian people had never experienced. However, with the growth of wealth in Iran came the growth of Iranian resentment towards the West, specifically the United States. The Iranian’s resented the uneven distribution of wealth that they felt existed and the United State’s influence in “westernizing” their society. In 1963, this growing hatred led to a conflict with the Islamic clergy. The conflict was quickly settled by the Shah, but he was unaware that this dispute was the beginning
Ali M. Ansari’s novel Confronting Iran describes the United States relations with Iran. Ansari begins his telling of the ever changing relations between Iran and the US in 1911. Anasari describes the apprehension of the US to enter into Iranian relations because there existed no government by the western perspective. At the time the Iranian Government was largely reliant on other powerful countries around them. In 1911 the Iranian Government Invited American merchant banker Morgan Shuster to assist a team of the country 's economist. Shuster arrived to a country that was mostly run by people from other countries, there we people from France, Germany, the English, Russians and many others. It was made obvious the many other countries had a steak in the country 's future and ultimately were only in it for said countries benefit from Shuster’s perspective. Iran was a struggling country, the country narrowly escaped European expansion, the Iranian independence was only maintained because the country had a few politically skilled statesmen. Ansari also describes Iran 's relation with the west during the 19th century. Ansari then describes the United States relation with Iran, largely the US experienced a formal commercial relationship with the people of Iran, they did not pursue a political involvement in the country 's affairs. While the US remained removed politically, they did send Shuster and his team to the country, Shuster and his team were not only employed by the United
Throughout the 19th and 20th century Iran saw not only the changing of three regimes, but also the coming, and going of classical imperialists in Britain and Russia, but also late comers to the game in the United States. In each instance however, Iran was on a road to appeasement. In some instances such as with the Qajar’s, Iran’s Imperial family was trying to get more money for the betterment of itself. In the event of the Pahlavi’s, Iran was trying to modernize based off of a western model of success. In both instances the carving out of resources was involved in which Iran stood to lose the most by giving up very lucrative state industries to
The effect of this take-over on Iran’s relationship to the USA and the west can still be felt in relations between these countries today. The Iranian hostage crisis led to a suspension of diplomatic relations between Iran and the USA as well as other Western democracies. While the Soviet Union accepted the legitimacy of the revolution, it initially supported attempts to reinstall the Shah as leader. American leaders were determined to keep the Shah in power because of the cold war tensions, which caused them to fear that Soviet Communism would spread to Iran, should the Shah fall. (Cohen, 1). But while
Before my big move to Houston about three years ago for college, it was my last summer back home in a little city called Amarillo, which is considered “West Texas,” although it’s actually located geographically north within the heart of the Texas Panhandle. I was enjoying every last bits of the time that I’ve had left with my friends and family. The last thing I could think of worrying about during that summer was a romantic relationship. My intentions were to make bittersweet memories and to have what they would call, fun. I went out almost every single weekend for the first month of my last summer and met tons of friends and I became closer to old casual friends. Within that first month of consistently going out and hanging out with all these friends that I became close to, I met a very sweet, charming, and interesting guy named Andy. Something about him caught my attention. He was silly and funny without even trying, so I took an interest in him. We started messaging each other on Facebook then texting and making polite conversations. Before I knew it, this was the starting point to a whole new friendship. When he first messaged me, as much as I hesitated to respond to him because I knew I was moving and I did not want to develop feelings just leave everything behind, I wanted to not just respond but to strike more conversations. I became curious about him and I wanted to find out more and more.
Alvandi, Roham. "Nixon, Kissinger, and the Shah: The Origins of Iranian Primacy in the Persian Gulf*." Diplomatic History 36.2 (2012): 337-72. London School of Economics and Political Science Research Online. .
Iran’s government by definition is considered to be theocratic since it is ultimately controlled by a single religious leader; Ayatollah Ali Hoseini-Khamenei. Although Iran has an elected president, Hassan Rouhani, the supreme leader/ayatollah controls the military, state broadcasting services and the judicial sector. The Islamic Republic of Iran, previously known as Persia, first established diplomatic ties with the United States in 1883. Many people do not understand the importance, significance, and/or second and third order effects of U.S.-Iranian relations, although important. As mentioned in an article by Akhilesh Pillalamarri, “Iran is uniquely poised to help stabilize the region,” likely through its current circumstances and shared international interests. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to describe the significance past and present of Iran to the United States and the second and third order effects, furthermore providing predictive analysis concerning the overall significance. Secondly, assessing and discussing how Iran impacts the Middle East in all aspects while providing analysis into the second and third order effects. Lastly, this paper will formulate a clear and concise short and long term predictive assessment on Iran, with a clear picture of the future intelligence value of the country.
The cold war was in full swing in 1979 and a lot was happening around the world. Queen released one of their most popular singles "Don't Stop Me Now" and at the same time countries were signing treaties while others were being invaded by their enemies. 1979 is arguably one of the most active years in world history. One of the most influential leaders from Iran returned from exile, which lead to a spiral in terrorist activity.
The 1979 Revolution in Iran was the substantial end of the cooperative long-term relations between the United States and the Shah of Iran. In spite of Shah’s disagreement with the United States over his ambitious plans for Iran’s development since early 1970s, both parties conceded to each other in order to sustain their common political and economic interests in the Persian Gulf region.
Why Iran and United States have been in the cold war for a long time? Why Iran nuclear program still is a problem? Why it took long time to make an agreement? Iran's growth in nuclear technology dates to the 1950's, when the Shah of Iran began paying attention, assistance over the U.S. Atoms for Peace program. Although Iran signed the Treaty on the Nonproliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT) as a nonnuclear weapon attitude in 1968 and ratified it in 1970, the Shah take care of have had nuclear weapons ambitions. However, the 1979 Iranian Revolution and planned Iran-Iraq war tentative the nuclear program's expansion. In the 1990's Iran began coming after a national nuclear fuel cycle power by developing a uranium mining the common people and
In the year 2014, The United States and Iran are considering working together in order to put a stop to the threats posed by the militant group, Isis. This is a big step for the two countries since just in 2013, the United States threatened to use force against Iran to prevent Iran from obtaining a nuclear weapon. Even though, the two countries are facing a common enemy, Iraq; this does not reduce the tension that the U.S and Iran have towards each other. For 60 years, the U.S. had a tumultuous relationship with Iran. From the removal of Iran Prime Minister in 1953 to the most recent, Iran’s nuclear agenda, the United States have been involved. This raises the questions of how did the U.S. involvement in past history shape current Iran
Taking into consideration the historical timeline of brutal conflicts of Israel with many Arab countries, specifically Iran and Israel have not always been particularly on bad terms. David Menashri, an Israeli expert on Israeli-Iranian relation, said that “in the back of the historical memory of the Israelis, when you speak about Iran, Iran is considered to be a good friend of Israel.” (Sterling, 2012) These good relationships have been largely formed based on their economic interests where they traded goods which were significant to them such as Israeli weapons and Iran oil.
The United States and Iran (then Persia) relations began in the late 1800’s. King Nasser-al-Din Shah sent an ambassador to Washington D.C. although Americans had been traveling to Iran since the mid 1800’s (1,1). From the late 1800’s till World War II, relations were very friendly and many of the representatives for Iran saw the United States as a “third force” in there drive to break free from the British and Russian dominance in Persian affairs (1,1). The United States relations with Iran led was very costly as it led to many highly appointed officials to be killed by those affiliated with the British and Russian influence (1,1). Although relationships with the United States were very friendly for more than half a century, many changes